Thermo-hydraulics of the Peruvian accretionary complex at 12°S
Nina Kukowski, Ingo Pecher
1999, Journal of Geodynamics (27) 373-402
Coupled heat and fluid transport at the Peruvian convergent margin at 12°S wasstudied with finite element modelling. Structural information was available from two seismicreflection lines. Heat production in the oceanic plate, the metamorphic basement, and sedimentswas estimated from literature. Porosity, permeability, and thermal conductivity for the modelswere partly available...
Permeability of the continental crust: Implications of geothermal data and metamorphic systems
C. E. Manning, S. E. Ingebritsen
1999, Reviews of Geophysics (37) 127-150
In the upper crust, where hydraulic gradients are typically <1 MPa km-1, advective heat transport is often effective for permeabilities k ??? 10-16 m2 and advective mass (solute) transport for k ??? 10-20 m2. Regional-scale analyses of coupled groundwater flow and heat transport in the upper crust typically infer permeabilities...
Reconstructing late Quaternary deep-water masses in the eastern Arctic Ocean using benthonic Ostracoda
R. Ll Jones, R.C. Whatley, T. M. Cronin, H.J. Dowsett
1999, Conference Paper, Marine Micropaleontology
The distribution of Ostracoda in three long cores from the deep eastern Arctic Ocean was studied to determine the palaeoceanographical history of the Eurasian Basin during the late Quaternary. The samples for this study were obtained from the Lomonosov Ridge, Morris Jesup Rise and Yermak Plateau during the Arctic 91...
Deaggregation of probabilistic ground motions in the central and eastern United States
S. Harmsen, D. Perkins, A. Frankel
1999, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (89) 1-13
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is a technique for estimating the annual rate of exceedance of a specified ground motion at a site due to known and suspected earthquake sources. The relative contributions of the various sources to the total seismic hazard are determined as a function of their occurrence rates...
Historical trends of metals in the sediments of San Francisco Bay, California
Michelle I. Hornberger, S. N. Luoma, A. VanGeen, C. Fuller, R. Anima
1999, Marine Chemistry (64) 39-55
Concentrations of Ag, Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn were determined in six sediment cores from San Francisco Bay (SFB) and one sediment core in Tomales Bay (TB), a reference estuary. SFB cores were collected from between the...
Active Volcanism on Io: Global Distribution and Variations in Activity
R. Lopes-Gautier, A. S. McEwen, W.B. Smythe, P.E. Geissler, L. Kamp, A. G. Davies, J.R. Spencer, L. Keszthelyi, R. Carlson, F.E. Leader, R. Mehlman, L. Soderblom
1999, Icarus (140) 243-264
Io's volcanic activity has been monitored by instruments aboard the Galileo spacecraft since June 28, 1996. We present results from observations by the near-infrared mapping spectrometer (NIMS) for the first 10 orbits of Galileo, correlate them with results from the Solid State Imaging System (SSI) and from groundbased observations, and...
Subsurface gas offshore of northern California and its link to submarine geomorphology
J.W. Yun, D.L. Orange, M.E. Field
1999, Marine Geology (154) 357-368
The northern California continental margin contains evidence of abundant subsurface gas and numerous seafloor features that suggest a causative link between gas expulsion and geomorphology. Analyses of seismic reflection, sidescan sonar, and high-resolution multibeam bathymetric data show that the occurrence of subbottom gas and the migration processes beneath the shelf...
Stochastic analysis of virus transport in aquifers
Linda L. Campbell Rehmann, Claire Welty, Ronald W. Harvey
1999, Water Resources Research (35) 1987-2006
A large-scale model of virus transport in aquifers is derived using spectral perturbation analysis. The effects of spatial variability in aquifer hydraulic conductivity and virus transport (attachment, detachment, and inactivation) parameters on large-scale virus transport are evaluated. A stochastic mean model of virus transport is developed by linking a simple...
Geostatistical applications in ground-water modeling in south-central Kansas
T.-S. Ma, M. Sophocleous, Y.-S. Yu
1999, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering (4) 57-64
This paper emphasizes the supportive role of geostatistics in applying ground-water models. Field data of 1994 ground-water level, bedrock, and saltwater-freshwater interface elevations in south-central Kansas were collected and analyzed using the geostatistical approach. Ordinary kriging was adopted to estimate initial conditions for ground-water levels and topography of the Permian...
Evaluation of prediction intervals for expressing uncertainties in groundwater flow model predictions
Steen Christensen, Richard L. Cooley
1999, Water Resources Research (35) 2627-2639
We tested the accuracy of 95% individual prediction intervals for hydraulic heads, streamflow gains, and effective transmissivities computed by groundwater models of two Danish aquifers. To compute the intervals, we assumed that each predicted value can be written as the sum of a computed dependent variable and a random error....
A new technique for surface and shallow subsurface paleobarometry using fluid inclusions: An example from the Upper Ordovician Viola Formation, Kansas, USA
K.D. Newell, R.H. Goldstein
1999, Chemical Geology (154) 97-111
This research illustrates a new approach for paleobarometry employing heterogeneously entrapped fluid inclusions to determine timing and depth of diagenesis. Heterogeneously entrapped fluid inclusions (gas + water) in vug-filling quartz from the Upper Ordovician Viola Formation in the Midcontinent of the United States were analyzed for their internal pressure with...
Stable lead isotopic analyses of historic and contemporary lead contamination of San Francisco Bay estuary
P.I. Ritson, R. M. Bouse, A.R. Flegal, Samuel N. Luoma
1999, Marine Chemistry (64) 71-83
Variations in stable lead isotopic composition (240Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb) in three sediment cores from the San Francisco Bay estuary document temporal changes in sources of lead during the past two centuries. Sediment, with lead from natural geologic sources, and relatively homogeneous lead isotopic compositions are overlain by sediments whose...
Assessing groundwater vulnerability to agrichemical contamination in the Midwest US
M. R. Burkart, D.W. Kolpin, D.E. James
1999, Water Science and Technology (39) 103-112
Agrichemicals (herbicides and nitrate) are significant sources of diffuse pollution to groundwater. Indirect methods are needed to assess the potential for groundwater contamination by diffuse sources because groundwater monitoring is too costly to adequately define the geographic extent of contamination at a regional or national scale. This paper presents examples...
Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)>
David E. Prudic, Robert G. Striegl, Richard W. Healy, Robert L. Michel, Herbert Haas
David W. Morganwalp, Herbert T. Buxton, editor(s)
1999, Report, U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)
Tritium concentrations have been determined yearly since April 1994 from water-vapor samples collected at test hole UZB-2. The hole was drilled about 100 m (meters) south of the southwest corner of a commercial burial site for low-level radioactive wastes in September 1993. UZB-2 is equipped with ten 2.5-cm (centimeters) diameter...
Development and corroboration of a bioenergetics model for northern pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) feeding on juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River
J.H. Petersen, D.L. Ward
1999, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (128) 784-801
A bioenergetics model was developed and corroborated for northern pikeminnow Ptychocheilus oregonensis, an important predator on juvenile salmonids in the Pacific Northwest. Predictions of modeled predation rate on salmonids were compared with field data from three areas of John Day Reservoir (Columbia River). To make bioenergetics model estimates of predation...
Including long-term biological index performance in a multi-criteria Decision Support System
T. Waddle, Z. Bowen, K.D. Bovee
1999, Conference Paper, Preparing for the 21st century: proceedings of the 26th annual Water Resources Planning and Management Conference
A Decision Support System (DSS) was developed for the reservoirs operated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation that incorporates biological resources in a palette of decision variables. A scoring technique was developed for the DSS to help to evaluate the long-term effects of proposed reservoir system operations on those variables....
Site response for Seattle and source parameters of earthquakes in the Puget Sound Region
A. Frankel, D. Carver, E. Cranswick, M. Meremonte, T. Bice, D. Overturf
1999, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (89) 468-483
We analyzed seismograms from 21 earthquakes (ML 2.0-4.9) recorded by digital seismographs we deployed in urban Seattle to determine site response and earthquake stress drops. The seismometers were situated on a wide variety of geologic units, including artificial fill (e.g., Kingdome, Harbor Island), Pleistocene...
Exploring factors controlling the variability of pesticide concentrations in the Willamette River Basin using tree-based models
S.S. Qian, Chauncey W. Anderson
1999, Environmental Science & Technology (33) 3332-3340
We analyzed available concentration data of five commonly used herbicides and three pesticides collected from small streams in the Willamette River Basin in Oregon to identify factors that affect the variation of their concentrations in the area. The emphasis of this paper is the innovative use of classification and regression...
Genetic and morphometric assessment of an unusual tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) population in the Black Mountains of Arizona
A.M. McLuckie, T. Lamb, C.R. Schwalbe, R.D. Mccord
1999, Journal of Herpetology (33) 36-44
Under recent regulatory designation of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) occurring east and south of the Colorado River constitute the Sonoran population, whereas those to the west and north form the Mojave population. These management units, distinguished by significant genetic, morphometric, and ecological differences, represent...
Surgical and immediate postrelease mortality of harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) implanted with abdominal radio transmitters with percutaneous antennae
Daniel M. Mulcahy, Daniel Esler
1999, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (30) 397-401
Radiotelemetry is an essential tool in the study of free-ranging bird populations, and a variety of transmitter-attachment methods have been developed. A promising new method is abdominal implantation of a transmitter with a percutaneous antenna. Researchers using this technique should be concerned about and aware of mortality during surgery and...
Laboratory evaluation of a lake trout bioenergetics model
Charles P. Madenjian, Daniel V. O’Connor
1999, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (128) 802-814
Lake trout Salvelinus namaycush, aged 3 and 6 years and with average weights of 700 and 2,000 g, were grown in laboratory tanks for up to 407 d under a thermal regime similar to that experienced by lake trout in nearshore Lake Michigan. Lake trout were fed alewifeAlosa pseudoharengus and rainbow smelt Osmerus...
Does ice drive early Maastrichtian eustasy?
K.G. Miller, E. Barrera, R.K. Olsson, P. J. Sugarman, S.M. Savin
1999, Geology (27) 783-786
A large (30–40 m), rapid (≪1 m.y.), earliest Maastrichtian sea-level drop inferred from New Jersey sequence stratigraphic records correlates with synchronous δ18O increases in deep-water benthic and low-latitude surface-dwelling planktonic foraminifera. The coincidence of these events argues for the development of a moderate-sized...
Health impacts of domestic coal use in China
R. B. Finkelman, H. E. Belkin, B. Zheng
1999, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Domestic coal combustion has had profound adverse effects on the health of millions of people worldwide. In China alone several hundred million people commonly burn raw coal in unvented stoves that permeate their homes with high levels of toxic metals and organic compounds. At least 3,000 people in Guizhou Province...
Influence of infection with Renibacterium salmoninarum on susceptibility of juvenile spring chinook salmon to gas bubble trauma
L.K. Weiland, M.G. Mesa, A.G. Maule
1999, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (11) 123-129
During experiments in our laboratory to assess the progression and severity of gas bubble trauma (GBT) in juvenile spring chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, we had the opportunity to assess the influence of Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs), the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease, on the susceptibility of salmon to GBT. We...
Mate loss in winter and mallard reproduction
Barbara A. Lercel, Richard M. Kaminski, Robert R. Cox Jr.
1999, Journal of Wildlife Management (63) 621-629
Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) frequently pair during winter, and duck hunting seasons have been extended until the end of January in several southern states in the Mississippi Flyway. Therefore, we simulated dissolution of pair bonds from natural or hunting mortality by removing mates of wild-strain, captive, yearling female mallards in late...
