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Estimated predevelopment discharge to streams from the High Plains Aquifer in northwestern Oklahoma, southwestern Kansas, and northwestern Texas
R. R. Luckey, M.F. Becker
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4287
A study of the High Plains aquifer in Okla homa was initiated in 1996 to: (1) provide the information needed by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board to manage the quantity of water produced from the aquifer; and (2) provide base line water-chemistry data. The approach used to meet the first...
Hydrogeology and water quality in the Cedar Rapids area, Iowa, 1992-96
P.M. Schulmeyer, D.J. Schnoebelen
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4261
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the city of Cedar Rapids conducted a cooperative study from 1992 to 1996 to assess the hydrogeology and water quality in the Cedar River, Cedar River alluvial aquifer, Devonian aquifer, and Silurian aquifer in a 231-square-mile area of Benton and Linn Counties near Cedar...
Geohydrology of the Central Oahu, Hawaii, ground-water flow system and numerical simulation of the effects of additional pumping
Delwyn S. Oki
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4276
A two-dimensional, finite-difference, ground-water flow model was developed for the central Oahu flow system, which is the largest and most productive ground-water flow system on the island. The model is based on the computer code SHARP which simulates both freshwater and saltwater flow. The ground-water model was developed using average...
Teaching earth science
Tau Rho Alpha, Michael F. Diggles, editor(s)
1998, Data Series 50
This CD-ROM contains 17 teaching tools: 16 interactive HyperCard 'stacks' and a printable model. They are separated into the following categories: Geologic Processes, Earthquakes and Faulting, and Map Projections and Globes. A 'navigation' stack, Earth Science, is provided as a 'launching' place from which to access all of the other...
Nitrogen excess in North American ecosystems: Predisposing factors, ecosystem responses, and management strategies
Mark E. Fenn, M. A. Poth, J. D. Aber, Jill Baron, Bernard T. Bormann, Dale W. Johnson, A. Dennis Lemly, Steven G. McNulty, D.F. Ryan, Robert Stottlemyer
1998, Ecological Applications (8) 706-733
Most forests in North America remain nitrogen limited, although recent studies have identified forested areas that exhibit symptoms of N excess, analogous to overfertilization of arable land. Nitrogen excess in watersheds is detrimental because of disruptions in plant/soil nutrient relations, increased soil acidification and aluminum mobility, increased emissions of nitrogenous...
Natural attenuation of chlorinated-hydrocarbon contamination at Fort Wainwright, Alaska: A hydrogeochemical and microbiological investigation workplan
Kathleen A. McCarthy, Michael R. Lilly, Joan F. Braddock, Larry D. Hinzman
1998, Open-File Report 98-198
Natural attenuation processes include biological degradation, by which microorganisms break down contaminants into simpler product compounds; adsorption of contaminants to soil particles, which decreases the mass of contaminants dissolved in ground water; and dispersion, which decreases dissolved contaminant concentrations through dilution. The primary objectives of this study are to (1)...
Assessing simulated ecosystem processes for climate variability research at Glacier National Park, USA
Joseph D. White, Steven W. Running, Peter E. Thornton, Robert E. Keane, Kevin C. Ryan, Daniel B. Fagre, Carl H. Key
1998, Ecological Applications (8) 805-823
Glacier National Park served as a test site for ecosystem analyses that involved a suite of integrated models embedded within a geographic information system. The goal of the exercise was to provide managers with maps that could illustrate probable shifts in vegetation, net primary production (NPP), and hydrologic responses associated...
Contrasting behavioral and feeding strategies recorded by tidal-flat bivalve trace fossils from the Upper Carboniferous of eastern Kansas
M. Gabirela Mangano, Luis A. Buatois, R.R. West, Christopher G. Maples
1998, Palaios (13) 335-351
Upper Carboniferous tidal-flat deposits near Waverly, eastern Kansas (Stull Shale Member, Kanwaka Shale Formation), host abundant and very well-preserved trace fossils attributed to the activity of burrowing bivalves. Thin shell lenses with an abundant bivalve fauna area associated with the ichnofossil-bearing beds and afford an unusual opportunity to relate trace...
Resource management of forested wetlands: Hurricane impact and recovery mapped by combining Landsat TM and NOAA AVHRR data
Elijah Ramsey III, D.K. Chappell, Dennis M. Jacobs, Sijan Sapkota, D.G. Baldwin
1998, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (64) 733-738
A temporal suite of NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) images, transformed into a vegetation biomass indicator, was combined with a single-date classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) to map the association between forest type and hurricane effects. Hurricane effects to the forested wetland included an abrupt decrease and...
Overview of a workshop on screening methods for detecting potential (anti-) estrogenic/androgenic chemicals in wildlife
Gerald T. Ankley, Ellen Mihaich, Ralph G. Stahl, Donald E. Tillitt, Theo Colborn, Suzzanne McMaster, Ron Miller, John Bantle, Pamela Campbell, Nancy Denslow, Richard L. Dickerson, Leroy C. Folmar, Michael Fry, John P. Giesy, L. Earl Gray, Patrick Guiney, Thomas Hutchinson, Sean W. Kennedy, Vincent Kramer, Gerald A. LeBlanc, Monte Mayes, Alison Nimrod, Reynaldo Patino, Richard Peterson, Richard Purdy, Robert Ringer, Peter C. Thomas, Les Touart, Glen Van Der Kraak, Tim Zacharewski
1998, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (17) 68-87
The U.S. Congress has passed legislation requiring the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) to develop, validate, and implement screening tests for identifying potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals within 3 years. To aid in the identification of methods suitable for this purpose, the U.S. EPA, the Chemical Manufacturers Association, and the World...
Tracing of weathering reactions and water flowpaths: A multi-isotope approach
Tomas D. Bullen, Carol Kendall
1998, Book chapter, Isotope tracers in catchment hydrology
This chapter discusses the importance of using isotopes in a complementary manner, primarily to constrain and enrich models developed from hydrologic and chemical data. Isotopes are viewed as tools for testing rather than developing hypotheses, particularly in studies operating under tight budgetary constraints. Water isotopes are very useful tools for...
Influence of subglacial geology on the onset of a West Antarctic ice stream from aerogeophysical observations
R. E. Bell, D. D. Blankenship, Carol A. Finn, D. L. Morse, T. A. Scambos, J. M. Brozena, S. M. Hodge
1998, Nature (394) 58-62
Marine ice-sheet collapse can contribute to rapid sea-level rise. Today, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet contains an amount of ice equivalent to approximately six metres of sea-level rise, but most of the ice is in the slowly moving interior reservoir. A relatively small fraction of the ice sheet comprises several...
Ground-water levels, predevelopment ground-water flow, and stream-aquifer relations in the vicinity of the Savannah River Site, Georgia and South Carolina
John S. Clarke, Christopher T. West
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4197
Ground-water levels, predevelopment ground-water flow, and stream-aquifer relations in the vicinity of the U.S. Department of Energy Savannah River Site, Georgia and South Carolina, were evaluated as part of a cooperative study between the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of Energy, and Georgia Department of Natural Resources. As part of...
Simulation of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico, 1901-95, with projections to 2020
J. M. Kernodle
1998, Open-File Report 96-209
The ground-water-flow model of the Albuquerque Basin (Kernodle, J.M., McAda, D.P., and Thorn, C.R., 1995, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico, with projections to 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4251, 114 p.) was updated to include new information on the hydrogeologic framework...
An analysis of relationships among climate forcing and time-integrated NDVI of grasslands over the U.S. northern and central Great Plains
Limin Yang, Bruce K. Wylie, Larry L. Tieszen, Bradley C. Reed
1998, Remote Sensing of Environment (65) 25-37
Time-integrated normalized difference vegetation index (TI NDVI) derived from the multitemporal satellite imagery (1989–1993) was used as a surrogate for primary production to investigate climate impacts on grassland performance for central and northern Great Plains grasslands. Results suggest that spatial and temporal variability in growing season precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and...
Hydrology and geochemistry of a slag-affected aquifer and chemical characteristics of slag-affected ground water, northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois
E. Randall Bayless, Theodore K. Greeman, C.C. Harvey
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4198
Slag is a by-product of steel manufacturing and a ubiquitous fill material in northwestern Indiana. Ground water associated with slag deposits generally is characterized by high pH and elevated concentrations of many inorganic water-quality constituents. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, conducted a...
Characterization of hydrogeologic units using matrix properties, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
L. E. Flint
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4243
Determination of the suitability of Yucca Mountain, in southern Nevada, as a geologic repository for high-level radioactive waste requires the use of numerical flow and transport models. Input for these models includes parameters that describe hydrologic properties and the initial and boundary conditions for all rock materials within the unsaturated...
A strategy for assessing potential future changes in climate, hydrology, and vegetation in the Western United States
Robert Stephen Thompson, Steven W. Hostetler, Patrick J. Bartlein, Katherine H. Anderson
1998, Circular 1153
Historical and geological data indicate that significant changes can occur in the Earth's climate on time scales ranging from years to millennia. In addition to natural climatic change, climatic changes may occur in the near future due to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide and other trace gases in the atmosphere...