Empirical Bayes estimation of proportions with application to cowbird parasitism rates
William A. Link, D. Caldwell Hahn
1996, Ecology (77) 2528-2537
Bayesian models provide a structure for studying collections of parameters such are considered in the investigation of communities, ecosystems, and landscapes. This structure allows for improved estimation of individual parameters by considering them in the context of a group of related parameters. Individual estimates are differntially adjusted toward in overall...
Simulated effects of alternative withdrawal strategies on ground-water-flow patterns, New Jersey Pinelands
Edward Modica
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4133
A steady-state, three-dimensional ground-water- flow model of the unconfined part of the Kirkwood- Cohasey aquifer system beneath the upper parts of the Rancocas Creek and Wading River Basins in the New Jersey Pinelands was developed to (1) define ground-water-flow patterns and residence times in an aquifer system typical of the...
Estimation of evapotranspiration in the Rainbow Springs and Silver Springs basins in North-Central Florida
Leel Knowles Jr.
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4024
Estimates of evapotranspiration (ET) for the Rainbow and Silver Springs ground-water basins in north-central Florida were determined using a regional water-~budget approach and compared to estimates computed using a modified Priestley-Taylor (PT) model calibrated with eddy-correlation data. Eddy-correlation measurements of latent 0~E) and sensible (H) heat flux were made monthly...
Hydraulic characteristics and nutrient transport and transformation beneath a rapid infiltration basin, Reedy Creek Improvement District, Orange County, Florida
D. M. Sumner, L. A. Bradner
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4281
The Reedy Creek Improvement District disposes of about 7.5 million gallons per day (1992) of reclaimed water through 85 1-acre rapid infiltration basins within a 1,000-acre area of sandy soils in Orange County, Florida. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted field experiments in 1992 at an individual basin to examine and...
Ground-water flow and the potential effects of remediation at Graces Quarters, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland
F.J. Tenbus, W.B. Fleck
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4044
Ground water in the east-central part of Graces Quarters, a former open-air chemical-agent test facility at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, is contaminated with chlorinated volatile organic compounds. The U.S. Geological Survey's finite- difference model was used to help understand ground-water flow and simulate the effects of alternative remedial actions to...
Geographic relations of landslide distribution and assessment of landslide hazards in the Blanco, Cibuco, and Coamo basins, Puerto Rico
M. C. Larsen, A. J. Torres-Sanchez
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4029
Landslide occurrence is common in mountainous areas of Puerto Rico where mean annual rainfall and the frequency of intense storms are high and hillslopes are steep. Each year, landslides cause extensive damage to property and occasionally result in loss of life. Landslide maps developed from 1:20,000 scale aerial photographs in...
Potential role of vegetation feedback in the climate sensitivity of high-latitude regions: A case study at 6000 years B.P.
J.-E. Kutzbach, P. J. Bartlein, J.A. Foley, S. P. Harrison, Steven W.. Hostetler, Z. Liu, I. C. Prentice, T. Webb III
1996, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (10) 727-736
Previous climate model simulations have shown that the configuration of the Earth's orbit during the early to mid-Holocene (approximately 10–5 kyr) can account for the generally warmer-than-present conditions experienced by the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. New simulations for 6 kyr with two atmospheric/mixed-layer ocean models (Community Climate Model,...
Assessment of the hydrogeology and water quality in a near-shore well field, Sarasota, Florida
J. C. Broska, L. A. Knochenmus
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4036
The city of Sarasota, Florida, operates a downtown well field that pumps mineralized water from ground water sources to supply a reverse osmosis plant. Because of the close proximity of the well field to Sarasota Bay and the high sulfate and chloride concentrations of ground-water supplies, a growing concern exists...
Hydrologic and chemical interaction of the Arkansas River and the Equus Beds aquifer between Hutchinson and Wichita, south-central Kansas
N. C. Myers, G.D. Hargadine, Joe B. Gillespie
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4191
Large chloride concentrations in Arkansas River water have the potential to degrade water quality in the adjacent Equus beds aquifer between Hutchinson and Wichita, Kansas. The aquifer is an important source of water for municipal, industrial, agricultural, and domestic uses. A three-dimensional, finite-difference, ground-water flow-model program (MODFLOW) was used with...
Scour at bridge sites in Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia
Donald C. Hayes
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4089
Scour data were obtained from discharge measure- ments to develop and evaluate the reliability of constriction-scour and local-scour equations for rivers in Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. No independent constriction-scour or local-scour equations were developed from the data because no significant relation was deter-mined between measured scour and streamflow, streambed, and...
Evaluation of agricultural best-management practices in the Conestoga River headwaters, Pennsylvania: Effects of nutrient management on water quality in the Little Conestoga Creek headwaters, 1983-89
E. H. Koerkle, D. K. Fishel, M. J. Brown, K. M. Kostelnik
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4046
Water quality in the headwaters of the Little Conestoga Creek, Lancaster County, Pa., was investigated from April 1986 through September 1989 to determine possible effects of agricultural nutrient management on water quality. Nutrient management, an agricultural Best-Management Practice, was promoted in the 5.8-square-mile watershed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture...
Evaluation of scour at selected bridge sites in Indiana
R. L. Miller, J.T. Wilson
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4259
Twenty bridge sites in Indiana were evaluated to determine: the extent of scour during floods, streambed stability, the maximum historical scour, and estimates of potential scour. Historical scour data were collected by means of geophysical methods and used to evaluate the scour-computation procedures recommended by the U.S. Federal Highway Administration...
Hydrogeologic investigation and simulation of ground-water flow in the Upper Floridan Aquifer of north-central Florida and southwestern Georgia and delineation of contributing areas for selected city of Tallahassee, Florida, water-supply wells
J. Hal Davis
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4296
A 4-year investigation of the Upper Floridan aquifer and ground-water flow system in Leon County, Florida, and surrounding counties of north-central Florida and southwestern Georgia began in 1990. The purpose of the investigation was to describe the ground-water flow system and to delineate the contributing areas to selected City of...
Summary of the San Juan structural basin regional aquifer-system analysis, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and Utah
G. W. Levings, J. M. Kernodle, C. R. Thorn
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4188
Ground-water resources are the only source of water in most of the San Juan structural basin and are mainly used for municipal, industrial, domestic, and stock purposes. Industrial use increased dramatically during the late 1970's and early 1980's because of increased exploration and development of uranium and coal resources....
Evaluation of saltwater intrusion and travel time in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, Cape May County, New Jersey, 1992, by use of a coupled-model approach and flow-path analysis
L. M. Voronin, F. J. Spitz, S. D. McAuley
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4280
Regional and subregional ground-water-flow models were coupled, and the output was analyzed by a particle-tracking method. The results were then used to assess the effects of ground-water withdrawals on the flow of saltwater in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand in Cape May County, New Jersey, and to estimate the travel...
Digital elevation model test for LIDAR and IFSARE sensors
Dan Canfield
1996, Open-File Report 96-401
Eutrophication trends inferred from hypolimnetic dissolved-oxygen dynamics within selected White River reservoirs, northern Arkansas-southern Missouri, 1974-94
W. R. Green
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4096
The White River Basin in northern Arkansas and southern Missouri contains four major reservoirs. Beaver, Table Rock, and Bull Shoals Lakes form a chain of reservoirs on the main stem of the White River. Norfork Lake is on the North Fork River, a tributary of the White River. Vertical water-...
Documentation of a computer program (RES1) to simulate leakage from reservoirs using the modular finite-difference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW)
J.P. Fenske, S. A. Leake, David E. Prudic
1996, Open-File Report 96-364
Synthesis of monthly natural flows for selected sites in the Musselshell River basin, Montana, base period 1929-89
K.C. Vining, D.R. Johnson, Charles Parrett
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4094
Synthesized monthly natural streamflows were required at 13 sites for use in a streamflow- accounting model to evaluate the effects of various water-allocation schemes on water availability in the Musselshell River Basin in central Montana. Records of monthly streamflow at 14 streamflow-gaging stations were used to synthesize monthly natural flows...
Surface-water hydrology and runoff simulations for three basins in Pierce County, Washington
M. C. Mastin
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4068
The surface-water hydrology in Clear, Clarks, and Clover Creek Basins in central Pierce County, Washington, is described with a conceptual model of the runoff processes and then simulated with the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF), a continuous, deterministic hydrologic model. The study area is currently undergoing a rapid conversion of rural,...
Postaudit of head and transmissivity estimates and ground-water flow models of Avra Valley, Arizona
R. T. Hanson
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4045
Ground water from regional alluvial-aquifer systems is the main source of water in the alluvial basins of Arizona, such as Avra Valley. Ground-water flow models are used to assess ground-water availability and the effects of development on the regional ground-water resources. A postaudit of regional-head and transmissivity estimates and the...
Time-dependent Data System (TDDS); an interactive program to assemble, manage, and appraise input data and numerical output of flow/transport simulation models
R.S. Regan, R.W. Schaffranek, R.A. Baltzer
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4143
A system of functional utilities and computer routines, collectively identified as the Time-Dependent Data System CI DDS), has been developed and documented by the U.S. Geological Survey. The TDDS is designed for processing time sequences of discrete, fixed-interval, time-varying geophysical data--in particular, hydrologic data. Such data include various, dependent variables...
Hydrologic feasibility of water-supply-development alternatives in Cape May County, New Jersey
F. J. Spitz
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4041
Increasing public-supply withdrawals in Cape May County, New Jersey associated with increasing residential and seasonal tourist populations have led to regionally lowered ground-water levels, a reversal of ground-water flow directions toward onshore, and landward encroachment of saltwater in the shallow aquifer system. The three aquifers composing the shallow system are,...
Availability and quality of water from drift aquifers in Marshall, Pennington, Polk, and Red Lake counties, northwestern Minnesota
R. J. Lindgren
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4201
Sand and gravel aquifers present within glacial deposits are important sources of water in Marshall, Pennington, Polk, and Red Lake Counties in northwestern Minnesota. Saturated thicknesses of the unconfined aquifers range from 0 to 30 feet. Estimated horizontal hydraulic conductivities range from 2.5 to 600 feet per day. Transmissivity of...
Methods for estimating low-flow characteristics of ungaged streams in selected areas, northern Florida
Roger P. Rumenik, J. W. Grubbs
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4124
Methods for estimating low-flow frequency characteristics at ungaged sites were developed for two areas in northern Florida. In the Yellow, Blackwater, Escambia, and Perdido River Basins study area (northwestern Florida), regional regression equations were developed for estimating the 7- and 30-day, 2- and 10-year low-flow characteristic (Q7,2, Q7,10, Q30,2, and...
