Geometric accuracy of Landsat-4 and Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper images.
W.T. Borgeson, R. M. Batson, H. H. Kieffer
1985, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (51) 1893-1898
The geometric accuracy of the Landsat Thematic Mappers was assessed by a linear least-square comparison of the positions of conspicuous ground features in digital images with their geographic locations as determined from 1:24 000-scale maps. For a Landsat-5 image, the single-dimension standard deviations of the standard digital product, and of...
Three-dimensional trend mapping from wire-line logs
J.H. Doveton, Z. Ke-an
1985, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (17) 485
Mapping of lithofacies and porosities of stratigraphic units is complicated because these properties vary in three dimensions. The method of moments was proposed by Krumbein and Libby (1957) as a technique to aid in resolving this problem. Moments are easily computed from wireline logs and are simple statistics which summarize...
Resolving controls on epeiric sedimentation using trend surface analysis
W.L. Watney
1985, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (17) 427-454
An understanding of patterns of regional sedimentation is crucial to identifying trends of perspective petroleum reservoirs. The Upper Pennsylvanian, Missourian Kansas City Group consists of repetitions of widespread carbonate rock and shale. Each of four cyclothems chosen for subsurface study of western Kansas contains transgressive and regressive lithofacies with evidence...
Strontium and oxygen isotopic variations in Mesozoic and Tertiary plutons of central Idaho
R.J. Fleck, R.E. Criss
1985, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (90) 291-308
Regional variations in initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (ri) of Mesozoic plutons in central Idaho locate the edge of Precambrian continental crust at the boundary between the late Paleozoic-Mesozoic accreted terranes and Precambrian sialic crust in western Idaho. The ri values increase abruptly but continuously from less than 0.704 in the accreted...
Determining relative error bounds for the CVBEM
T. V. Hromadka II
1985, Engineering Analysis (2) 75-80
The Complex Variable Boundary Element Methods provides a measure of relative error which can be utilized to subsequently reduce the error or provide information for further modeling analysis. By maximizing the relative error norm on each boundary element, a bound on the total relative error for each boundary element can...
Sulphur in char and char desulphurization by acid leaching and hydropyrolysis
I.-M. Chou, D.M. Loffredo
1985, Fuel (64) 731-734
Sulphur compounds volatilized during pyrolysis of acid-leached char were measured to determine characteristics of char desulphurization reactions. Pyrolysis of char in a hydrogen atmosphere (hydropyrolysis) produced a much higher concentration of thiophenic organics compared with that produced during pyrolysis in a nitrogen atmosphere. Hydrogen sulphide gas evolution, at progressively increasing...
Time scales of circulation and mixing processes of San Francisco Bay waters
R. A. Walters, R. T. Cheng, T. J. Conomos
1985, Hydrobiologia (129) 13-36
Conceptual models for tidal period and low-frequency variations in sea level, currents, and mixing processes in the northern and southern reaches of San Francisco Bay describe the contrasting characteristics and dissimilar processes and rates in these embayments: The northern reach is a partially mixed estuary whereas the southern reach...
Topographic mapping of the Moon
S.S.C. Wu
1985, Earth, Moon and Planets (32) 165-172
Contour maps of the Moon have been compiled by photogrammetric methods that use stereoscopic combinations of all available metric photographs from the Apollo 15, 16, and 17 missions. The maps utilize the same format as the existing NASA shaded-relief Lunar Planning Charts (LOC-1, -2, -3, and -4), which have a...
Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology
Kaye M. Shedlock, Lucile M. Jones, Xiufang Ma
1985, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (75) 427-439
An arrival time difference method utilizing refracted arrivals from earthquakes in a homogeneous, layered earth model has been developed for the simultaneous determination of near-source (in situ) velocity and relative locations of earthquakes. The method is particularly applicable when analyzing data from arrays in which most of the recording stations...
Linear inversion of transmitted acoustic wave fields for three-dimensional modulus and density perturbations using a born-type approximation
Douglas A. Stauber
1985, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (75) 93-114
A Born approximation is used to linearize the relationship, in the horizontal-wavenumber and frequency domains, between lateral perturbations of modulus and density in a layered half-space and the acoustic wave field observed at the surface when a plane wave is incident from below. The resulting equations can be used to...
Spatial analysis of extension fracture systems: A process modeling approach
C.C. Ferguson
1985, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (17) 403-425
Little consensus exists on how best to analyze natural fracture spacings and their sequences. Field measurements and analyses published in geotechnical literature imply fracture processes radically different from those assumed by theoretical structural geologists. The approach adopted in this paper recognizes that disruption of rock layers by layer-parallel extension results...
Maximum likelihood estimation for periodic autoregressive moving average models
A. V. Vecchia
1985, Technometrics (27) 375-384
A useful class of models for seasonal time series that cannot be filtered or standardized to achieve second-order stationarity is that of periodic autoregressive moving average (PARMA) models, which are extensions of ARMA models that allow periodic (seasonal) parameters. An approximation to the exact likelihood for Gaussian PARMA processes is...
Uranium mineralization in the Smith Lake district of the Grants uranium region, New Mexico.
N.S. Fishman, R. L. Reynolds, J. F. Robertson
1985, Economic Geology (80) 1348-1364
The Mariano Lake and Ruby 1 uranium orebodies, which together comprise much of the uranium ore in the Smith Lake district of the Grants uranium region, New Mexico, occur in sandstones in the lower part of the Brushy Basin Member of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation. The orebodies, which are...
EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS IN THE OFFSHORE ENVIRONMENT.
Robert A. Page, Peter W. Basham
1985, Ocean science and engineering (10) 195-352
This report discusses earthquake effects and potential hazards in the marine environment, describes and illustrates methods for the evaluation of earthquake hazards, and briefly reviews strategies for mitigating hazards. The report is broadly directed toward engineers, scientists, and others engaged in developing offshore resources. The continental shelves have become a...
Time scales and mechanisms of estuarine variability, a synthesis from studies of San Francisco Bay
J. E. Cloern, F.H. Nichols
1985, Hydrobiologia (129) 229-237
This review of the preceding papers suggests that temporal variability in San Francisco Bay can be characterized by four time scales (hours, days-weeks, months, years) and associated with at least four mechanisms (variations in freshwater inflow, tides, wind, and exchange with coastal waters). The best understood component of temporal variability...
The copper-nickel concentration log: A tool for stratigraphic interpretation within the ultramafic and basal zones of the stillwater complex, Montana
L.J. Drew, W.J. Bawiec, N.J. Page, J.H. Schuenemeyer
1985, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (23) 117-137
An analogue to the electric well log was devised for copper-nickel concentration drill-hole data from the Basal and lower part of the Ultramafic zones of the Stillwater Complex using automated data processing. The copper-nickel concentration logs graphically represent intensity (concentration) values that reflect the distribution of the elements in sulfide...
Genesis and evolution of water in a two-mica pluton: A hydrogen isotope study
R. H. Brigham, J. R. O’Neil
1985, Chemical Geology (49) 159-177
Measurements were made of the hydrogen isotope composition of 74 samples of muscovite, biotite, vein quartz and whole rocks from the Papoose Flat pluton, eastern California, U.S.A., and adjacent metamorphic and sedimentary rocks in order to elucidate the genesis and evolution of water and hydrous minerals in a two-mica granodiorite....
The heat-capacity of ilmenite and phase equilibria in the system Fe-T-O
Lawrence M. Anovitz, A.H. Treiman, E.J. Essene, B. S. Hemingway, E.F. Westrum Jr., V.J. Wall, R. Burriel, S.R. Bohlen
1985, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (49) 2027-2040
Low temperature adiabatic calorimetry and high temperature differential scanning calorimetry have been used to measure the heat-capacity of ilmenite (FeTiO3) from 5 to 1000 K. These measurements yield S2980 = 108.9 J/(mol · K). Calculations from published experimental data on the reduction of ilmenite yield Δ2980(I1) = −1153.9 kJ/(mol · K). These new data, combined with available experimental and...
The complex variable boundary element method: Applications
T. V. Hromadka II, C.C. Yen, G. L. Guymon
1985, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering (21) 1013-1025
The complex variable boundary element method (CVBEM) is used to approximate several potential problems where analytical solutions are known: A modelling result produced from the CVBEM is a measure of relative error in matching the known boundary condition values of the problem. A CVBEM error-reduction...
Paleoclimate controls on late paleozoic sedimentation and peat formation in the central appalachian basin (U.S.A.)
C. B. Cecil, R.W. Stanton, S.G. Neuzil, F.T. Dulong, L.F. Ruppert, B.S. Pierce
1985, International Journal of Coal Geology (5) 195-230
In the central Appalachian basin, at least two major climate changes affected sedimentation during the late Paleozoic. Stratigraphically, these two changes are indicated by the distribution of coal beds, the variation in coal quality, and the variation in rock lithologies. In...
Recent movement on the Garlock Fault as suggested by water level fluctuations in a well in Fremont Valley, California
Diane K. Lippincott, John D. Bredehoeft, W. R. Moyle Jr.
1985, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (90) 1911-1924
Water levels have been continuously recorded since March 1978 in a well in Fremont Valley, where several strands of the adjacent Garlock fault zone have exhibited both left-lateral displacement and components of normal displacement. Differences in water levels indicate that a fault segment lies between the observation well and a...
Ice-lubricated gravity spreading of the Olympus Mons aureole deposits
K. L. Tanaka
1985, Icarus (62) 191-206
Gravity sliding and spreading at low strain rates can account for the general morphology and structure of the aureoles and basal scarp of Olympus Mons. Detachment sliding could have occurred around the volcano if either pore-fluid pressures were exceptionally high (greater than 90%) or the rocks had very low resistance...
Cleavage strain in the Variscan fold belt, County Cork, Ireland, estimated from stretched arsenopyrite rosettes
M. Ford, C.C. Ferguson
1985, Journal of Structural Geology (7) 217-223
In south-west Ireland, hydrothermally formed arsenopyrite crystals in a Devonian mudstone have responded to Variscan deformation by brittle extension fracture and fragment separation. The interfragment gaps and terminal extension zones of each crystal are infilled with fibrous quartz. Stretches within the...
Chemistry and transport of soluble humic substances in forested watersheds of the Adirondack Park, New York
C. S. Cronan, G. R. Aiken
1985, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (49) 1697-1705
Studies were conducted in conjunction with the Integrated Lake-Watershed Acidification Study (ILWAS) to examine the chemistry and leaching patterns of soluble humic substances in forested watersheds of the Adirondack region. During the summer growing season, mean dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the ILWAS watersheds ranged from 21–32 mg C...
Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology
Kaye M. Shedlock, Steven W. Roecker
1985, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (75) 415-426
An arrival time difference method utilizing refracted arrivals from earthquakes in a homogeneous, layered earth model has been developed for the simultaneous determination of near-source (in situ) velocity and relative locations of earthquakes. The method is particularly applicable when analyzing data from arrays in which most of the recording stations...
