PRESENT STATUS OF RESEARCH IN DEBRIS FLOW MODELING.
Cheng-lung Chen
1985, Conference Paper
A viable rheological model should consist of both a time-independent part and a time-dependent part. A generalized viscoplastic fluid model that has both parts as well as two major rheological properties (i. e. , the normal stress effect and soil yield criteria) is shown to be sufficiently accurate, yet practical,...
U. S. G. S. MODULAR GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL: DESIGNED TO BE UNDERSTOOD AND ADAPTED.
Michael G. McDonald, Arlen W. Harbaugh
1985, Conference Paper
The paper discusses a carefully designed model program and its complementary complete description of all of the physical and mathematical concepts used in the model. The model program consists of a series of independent subroutines called modules. Modules are grouped by hydrologic function into 'packages. ' A report describing the...
URBAN STORMWATER INVESTIGATIONS BY THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
Marshall E. Jennings
1985, Conference Paper
Urban stormwater hydrology studies in the U. S. Geological Survey are currently focused on compilation of national data bases containing flood-peak and short time-interval rainfall, discharge and water-quality information for urban watersheds. Current data bases, updated annually, are nationwide in scope. Supplementing the national data files are published reports of...
MONITORING THE EARTH - TOO MANY PLAYERS?
Gene A. Thorley
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Annual Meeting
Remote sensing from satellites provides a unique tool to measure the parameters of the Earth on a worldwide scale. A number of organizations are currently engaged in, or proposing to embark on, worldwide measurement/monitoring programs. Program objectives vary in type and complexity, including a form of technical library and an...
Summary of geochemical transport experiments and models for solute-sediment interactions in streams
Kenneth E. Bencala, Gary W. Zellweger, Diane M. McKnight, Vance C. Kennedy, Alan P. Jackman
1985, Conference Paper, National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry
A variety of in-stream experiments have been conducted in small, mountain streams to investigate in-stream solute transport, interactions between surface and subsurface flows, and geochemical interactions between solutes and sediments. Models for cation transport have been developed. The emphasis has been on attempting to demonstrate the relative roles of physical...
Prediction of central California earthquakes from soil-gas helium fluctuations
G.M. Reimer
1985, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (122) 369-375
The observations of short-term decreases in helium soil-gas concentrations along the San Andreas Fault in central California have been correlated with subsequent earthquake activity. The area of study is elliptical in shape with radii approximately 160??80 km, centered near San Benito, and with the major axis parallel to the Fault....
Instability model for recurring large and great earthquakes in southern California
W.D. Stuart
1985, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (122) 793-811
The locked section of the San Andreas fault in southern California has experienced a number of large and great earthquakes in the past, and thus is expected to have more in the future. To estimate the location, time, and slip of the next few earthquakes, an earthquake instability model is...
APPLICATIONS OF BOREHOLE-ACOUSTIC METHODS IN ROCK MECHANICS.
Frederick L. Paillet
1985, Conference Paper, Proceedings - Symposium on Rock Mechanics
Acoustic-logging methods using a considerable range of wavelengths and frequencies have proven very useful in the in situ characterization of deeply buried crystalline rocks. Seismic velocities are useful in investigating the moduli of unfractured rock, and in producing a continuous record of rock quality for comparison with discontinuous intervals of...
An assessment of the near-surface accuracy of the international geomagnetic reference field 1980 model of the main geomagnetic field
N.W. Peddie, A.K. Zunde
1985, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (37) 1-4
The new International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) model of the main geomagnetic field for 1980 is based heavily on measurements from the MAGSAT satellite survey. Assessment of the accuracy of the new model, as a description of the main field near the Earth's surface, is important because the accuracy of...
MODELING HYDRAULIC PROBLEMS USING THE CVBEM AND THE MICROCOMPUTER.
Chintu Lai, T. V. Hromadka II
1985, Conference Paper
The Complex Variable Boundary Element Method (CVBEM) offers an effective and efficient means for modeling two-dimensional potential and related flow problems. The method has been applied to various hydraulic and hydrodynamic problems - surface water, ground water, and other flows - and has proven its accuracy, reliability and usefulness. The...
Quaternary sedimentation in Shelikof Strait, Alaska
Monty A. Hampton
1985, Marine Geology (62) 213-253
Shelikof Strait, a nearly parallel-sided marine channel between the Kodiak Island group and the Alaska Peninsula, has experienced a succession of distinct sedimentary environments during Quaternary time. Pleistocene glaciers carved a deep basin into bedrock in the southwest part of the strait and a shallower platform surface with incised channels...
SIMULATING FLOW IN THE TIDAL POTOMAC RIVER.
Raymond W. Schaffranek
1985, Conference Paper
A one-dimensional unsteady flow model has been applied to the tidal Potomac River, including its major tributaries and marginal embayments, between Washington, D. C. and Indian Head, Md. The computer model has been calibrated to simulate the combined effects of tide, freshwater inflows, and wind conditions governing flow in the...
Application of the 1:2,000,000-scale data base: A National Atlas sectional prototype
Donna M. Dixon
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
A study of the potential to produce a National Atlas sectional prototype from the 1:2,000,000-scale data base was concluded recently by the National Mapping Division, U. S. Geological Survey. This paper discusses the specific digital cartographic production procedures involved in the preparation of the prototype map, as well as the...
Apertural features and surface texture of upper Paleogene biserial planktonic foraminifers: links between Chiloguembelina and Streptochilus.
R.Z. Poore, L.B. Gosnell
1985, Journal of Foraminiferal Research (15) 1-5
Several upper Paleogene species of Chiloguembelina have an internal apertural plate that is very similar to the internal plate typical of the Neogene genus Streptochilus. The type species of Chiloguembelina, C. midwayensis midwayensis (Cushman), however, lacks any internal apertural structure or modifications. Therefore, the following 'Chiloguembelina', which have an internal...
Conceptual model for origin of abnormally pressured gas accumulations in low-permeability reservoirs
B. E. Law, W. W. Dickinson
1985, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (69) 1295-1304
The largest gas fields in the Rocky Mountain region occur in abnormally pressured reservoirs. These gas accumulations are different from more conventional gas accumulations in that they are commonly located in basin-center positions, they occur downdip from water-bearing rocks, and they are in overpressured or underpressured low-permeability reservoirs. We suggest...
Errors and parameter estimation in precipitation-runoff modeling: 2. Case study
Brent M. Troutman
1985, Water Resources Research (21) 1214-1222
A case study is presented which illustrates some of the error analysis, sensitivity analysis, and parameter estimation procedures reviewed in the first part of this paper. It is shown that those procedures, most of which come from statistical nonlinear regression theory, are invaluable in interpreting errors in precipitation-runoff modeling and...
ANNIE - INTERACTIVE PROCESSING OF DATA BASES FOR HYDROLOGIC MODELS.
Alan M. Lumb, John L. Kittle
1985, Conference Paper
ANNIE is a data storage and retrieval system that was developed to reduce the time and effort required to calibrate, verify, and apply watershed models that continuously simulate water quantity and quality. Watershed models have three categories of input: parameters to describe segments of a drainage area, linkage of the...
Element mobility studies of two drill-cores from the Götemar Granite (Kråkemåla test site), southeast Sweden
John A.T. Smellie, John S. Stuckless
1985, Chemical Geology (51) 55-78
A pilot study was carried out on two relatively deep drill-cores (∼ 600 m) from the Götemar Granite massif in S.E. Sweden. This granite is typical of the 1400-Ma anorogenic granites of the northern hemisphere. Samples from representative, unfractured parts of the cores, together with four samples taken along...
Durangite from the Black Range, New Mexico, and new data on durangite from Durango and Cornwall.
E.E. Foord, M.R. Oakman, C. H. Maxwell
1985, Canadian Mineralogist (23) 241-246
Durangite, associated with cassiterite, hematite, quartz, tridymite, cristobalite and clinopyroxene, occurs in small veinlets within flows, ash-flow tuffs and lithic tuffs in a tin mine near Boiler Peak, New Mexico. It is clear to semi-translucent, pale yellow-orange to medium orange-red with a vitreous lustre, pale yellow streak; H. 5-5.5%; irregular...
GEOLOGIC PROCESSES AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF THE UPPER FREEPORT COAL BED, WEST-CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA.
R.W. Stanton, C. B. Cecil, B.S. Pierce, L.F. Ruppert, F.T. Dulong
1985, Conference Paper
The number or types of origins of the components of a coal bed cannot be determined from its bulk composition. Minerals such as quartz, calcite, and pyrite as well as macerals such as vitrinite can originate from a variety of processes that result from different depositional conditions. The Upper Freeport...
Comparison of daily and weekly precipitation sampling efficiencies using automatic collectors
L.J. Schroder, R.A. Linthurst, J.E. Ellson, S.F. Vozzo
1985, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (24) 177-187
Precipitation samples were collected for approximately 90 daily and 50 weekly sampling periods at Finley Farm, near Raleigh, North Carolina from August 1981 through October 1982. Ten wet-deposition samplers (AEROCHEM METRICS MODEL 301) were used; 4 samplers were operated for daily sampling, and 6 samplers were operated for weekly-sampling periods....
Interannual streamflow variability in the United States based on principal components
Harry F. Lins
1985, Water Resources Research (21) 691-701
Interannual modes of streamflow variation at 106 locations across the United States during the period 1931–1978 are defined by using principal components. Five statistically significant components are found to account for more than 56% of the total streamflow variance. The first principal component represents a nationwide tendency for either above-...
The 1983 hydraulic jump in Crystal Rapid: Implications for river- running and geomorphic evolution in the Grand Canyon
S. W. Kieffer
1985, Journal of Geology (93) 385-406
At Crystal Creek, a debris fan was emplaced in 1966, constricting the channel of the Colorado River to about 0.25 of its upstream width between 1967 and 1983, forming a major rapid. The hydraulics of Crystal Creek rapid are described, and an analysis is presented to support the hypothesis that...
Anomalous 13C enrichment in modern marine organic carbon
M.A. Arthur, W.E. Dean, George E. Claypool
1985, Nature (315) 216-218
Marine organic carbon is heavier isotopically (13C enriched) than most land-plant or terrestrial organic C1. Accordingly, ??13C values of organic C in modern marine sediments are routinely interpreted in terms of the relative proportions of marine and terrestrial sources of the preserved organic matter2,3. When independent geochemical techniques are used...
More on the alleged 1970 geomagnetic jerk
L.R. Alldredge
1985, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (39) 255-264
French and United Kingdom workers have published reports describing a sudden change in the secular acceleration, called an impulse or a jerk, which took place around 1970. They claim that this change took place in a period of a year or two and that the sources of the alleged jerk...
