Transformation products and human metabolites of triclocarban and tricllosan in sewage sludge across the United States
Benny F.G. Pycke, Isaac B. Roll, Bruce J. Brownawell, Chad A. Kinney, Edward T. Furlong, Dana W. Kolpin, Rolf U. Halden
2014, Environmental Science & Technology (48) 7881-7890
Removal of triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) from wastewater is a function of adsorption, abiotic degradation, and microbial mineralization or transformation, reactions that are not currently controlled or optimized in the pollution control infrastructure of standard wastewater treatment. Here, we report on the levels of eight transformation products, human metabolites,...
Assessing landscape constraints on species abundance: Does the neighborhood limit species response to local habitat conservation programs?
Christopher F. Jorgensen, Larkin A. Powell, Jeffrey J. Lusk, Andrew A. Bishop, Joseph J. Fontaine
2014, PLoS ONE (9) 1-13
Landscapes in agricultural systems continue to undergo significant change, and the loss of biodiversity is an ever-increasing threat. Although habitat restoration is beneficial, management actions do not always result in the desired outcome. Managers must understand why management actions fail; yet, past studies have focused on assessing habitat attributes at...
Three-dimensional seismic velocity structure of Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes in Hawaii from local seismic tomography
Guoqing Lin, Peter M. Shearer, Robin S. Matoza, Paul G. Okubo, Falk Amelung
2014, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (119) 4377-4392
We present a new three-dimensional seismic velocity model of the crustal and upper mantle structure for Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes in Hawaii. Our model is derived from the first-arrival times of the compressional and shear waves from about 53,000 events on and near the Island of Hawaii between 1992...
An approach for filtering hyperbolically positioned underwater acoustic telemetry data with position precision estimates
Trevor D. Meckley, Christopher M. Holbrook, C. Michael Wagner, Thomas R. Binder
2014, Animal Biotelemetry (2)
Background Telemetry systems that estimate animal positions with hyperbolic positioning algorithms also provide a technology-specific estimate of position precision (e.g., horizontal position error (HPE) for the VEMCO positioning system). Position precision estimates (e.g., dilution of precision for a global positioning system (GPS)) have been used extensively to identify and remove positions...
Invasive hybridization in a threatened species is accelerated by climate change
Clint C. Muhlfeld, Ryan P. Kovach, Leslie A. Jones, Robert K. Al-Chokhachy, Matthew C. Boyer, Robb F. Leary, Winsor H. Lowe, Gordon Luikart, Fred W. Allendorf
2014, Nature Climate Change (4) 620-624
Climate change will decrease worldwide biodiversity through a number of potential pathways1, including invasive hybridization<a id="ref-link-section-d51451e531" title="Hoffmann, A. A. & Sgro, C....
Tsunami vertical-evacuation planning in the U.S. Pacific Northwest as a geospatial, multi-criteria decision problem
Nathan Wood, Jeanne Jones, John Schelling, Mathew Schmidtlein
2014, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction (9) 68-83
Tsunami vertical-evacuation (TVE) refuges can be effective risk-reduction options for coastal communities with local tsunami threats but no accessible high ground for evacuations. Deciding where to locate TVE refuges is a complex risk-management question, given the potential for conflicting stakeholder priorities and multiple, suitable sites. We use the coastal community...
Temperature data acquired from the DOI/GTN-P Deep Borehole Array on the Arctic Slope of Alaska, 1973-2013
Gary D. Clow
2014, Earth System Science Data (6) 201-218
A homogeneous set of temperature measurements obtained from the DOI/GTN-P Deep Borehole Array between 1973 and 2013 is presented; DOI/GTN-P is the US Department of the Interior contribution to the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (GTN-P). The 23-element array is located on the Arctic Slope of Alaska, a region of cold...
Fuzzy boundaries: color and gene flow patterns among parapatric lineages of the western shovel-nosed snake and taxonomic implication
Dustin A. Wood, Robert N. Fisher, Amy G. Vandergast
2014, PLoS ONE (9)
Accurate delineation of lineage diversity is increasingly important, as species distributions are becoming more reduced and threatened. During the last century, the subspecies category was often used to denote phenotypic variation within a species range and to provide a framework for understanding lineage differentiation, often considered incipient speciation. While this...
Post-earthquake relaxation using a spectral element method: 2.5-D case
Frederick Pollitz
2014, Geophysical Journal International (198) 308-326
The computation of quasi-static deformation for axisymmetric viscoelastic structures on a gravitating spherical earth is addressed using the spectral element method (SEM). A 2-D spectral element domain is defined with respect to spherical coordinates of radius and angular distance from a pole of symmetry, and 3-D viscoelastic structure is assumed...
Porphyry copper assessment of eastern Australia
Arthur A. Bookstrom, Richard A. Len, Jane M. Hammarstrom, Gilpin R. Robinson Jr., Michael L. Zientek, Benjamin J. Drenth, Subhash Jaireth, Pamela M. Cossette, John C. Wallis
2014, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090-L
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts national and global assessments of resources (mineral, energy, water, and biologic) to provide science in support of decision making. Mineral resource assessments provide syntheses of available information about where mineral deposits are known and suspected to occur in the Earth’s crust and which commodities...
Mapping large-area landscape suitability for honey bees to assess the influence of land-use change on sustainability of national pollination services
Alisa L. Gallant, Ned H. Euliss Jr., Zac Browning
2014, PLoS ONE (9) 1-14
Pollination is a critical ecosystem service affected by various drivers of land-use change, such as policies and programs aimed at land resources, market values for crop commodities, local land-management decisions, and shifts in climate. The United States is the world's most active market for pollination services by honey bees, and...
Adaptive nest clustering and density-dependent nest survival in dabbling ducks
Kevin M. Ringelman, John M. Eadie, Joshua T. Ackerman
2014, Oikos (123) 239-247
Density-dependent population regulation is observed in many taxa, and understanding the mechanisms that generate density dependence is especially important for the conservation of heavily-managed species. In one such system, North American waterfowl, density dependence is often observed at continental scales, and nest predation has long been implicated as a key...
Evaluation of sensor types and environmental controls on mapping biomass of coastal marsh emergent vegetation
Kristin B. Byrd, Jessica L. O'Connell, Stefania Di Tommaso, Maggi Kelly
2014, Remote Sensing of Environment (149) 166-180
There is a need to quantify large-scale plant productivity in coastal marshes to understand marsh resilience to sea level rise, to help define eligibility for carbon offset credits, and to monitor impacts from land use, eutrophication and contamination. Remote monitoring of aboveground biomass of emergent wetland vegetation will help address...
Gross and microscopic pathology of lesions in Pocillopora spp. from the subtropical eastern Pacific
Jenny Carolina Rodríguez-Villalobos, Axayacatl Rocha-Olivares, Thierry M. Work, Luis Eduardo Calderon-Aguilera, Jorge Abelardo Caceres-Martinez
2014, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology (120) 9-17
Coral reefs are threatened by a variety of factors including diseases that have caused significant damage in some regions such as in the Caribbean. At present, no data are available on coral diseases in the Mexican Pacific where Pocillopora spp. is a dominant component of coral communities. Here, we describe gross and...
Phytoplankton primary production in the world's estuarine-coastal ecosystems
James E. Cloern, S.Q. Foster, A.E. Kleckner
2014, Biogeosciences (11) 2477-2501
Estuaries are biogeochemical hot spots because they receive large inputs of nutrients and organic carbon from land and oceans to support high rates of metabolism and primary production. We synthesize published rates of annual phytoplankton primary production (APPP) in marine ecosystems influenced by connectivity to land – estuaries, bays, lagoons,...
Detection probability of least tern and piping plover chicks in a large river system
Erin A. Roche, Terry L. Shaffer, Michael J. Anteau, Mark H. Sherfy, Jennifer H. Stucker, Mark T. Wiltermuth, Colin M. Dovichin
2014, Journal of Wildlife Management (78) 709-720
Monitoring the abundance and stability of populations of conservation concern is often complicated by an inability to perfectly detect all members of the population. Mark-recapture offers a flexible framework in which one may identify factors contributing to imperfect detection, while at the same time estimating demographic parameters such as abundance...
Metabolism of a nitrogen-enriched coastal marine lagoon during the summertime
Robert W. Howarth, Melanie Hayn, Roxanne M. Marino, Neil Ganju, Kenneth H. Foreman, Karen McGlathery, Anne E. Giblin, Peter Berg, Jeffrey D. Walker
2014, Biogeochemistry (118) 1-20
We measured metabolism rates in a shallow, nitrogen-enriched coastal marine ecosystem on Cape Cod (MA, USA) during seven summers using an open-water diel oxygen method. We compared two basins, one directly receiving most of the nitrogen (N) load (“Snug Harbor”) and another further removed from the N load and better...
Seasonal thaw settlement at drained thermokarst lake basins, Arctic Alaska
Lin Liu, Kevin Schaefer, Alessio Gusmeroli, Guido Grosse, Benjamin M. Jones, Tinjun Zhang, Andrew Parsekian, Howard Zebker
2014, The Cryosphere (8) 815-826
Drained thermokarst lake basins (DTLBs) are ubiquitous landforms on Arctic tundra lowland. Their dynamic states are seldom investigated, despite their importance for landscape stability, hydrology, nutrient fluxes, and carbon cycling. Here we report results based on high-resolution Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements using space-borne data for a study area...
Late Paleozoic fusulinids from Sonora, Mexcio: importance for interpretation of depositional settings, biogeography, and paleotectonics
Calvin H. Stevens, Forrest G. Poole, Ricardo Amaya-Martinez
2014, Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas (31) 14-27
Three sets of fusulinid faunas in Sonora, Mexico, discussed herein, record different depositional and paleotectonic settings along the southwestern margin of Laurentia (North America) during Pennsylvanian and Permian time. The settings include: offshelf continental rise and ocean basin (Rancho Nuevo Formation in the Sonora allochthon), shallow continental shelf (La Cueva...
40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the formation of the Dayingezhuang gold deposit: New implications for timing and duration of hydrothermal activity in the Jiaodong gold province, China
Li-Qiang Yang, J. Deng, Richard J. Goldfarb, Jiahua Zhang, Bang-Fei Gao, Zhong-Liang Wang
2014, Gondwana Research (25) 1469-1483
China's largest gold resource is located in the highly endowed northwestern part of the Jiaodong gold province. Most gold deposits in this area are associated with the NE- to NNE-trending shear zones on the margins of the 130–126 Ma Guojialing granite. These deposits collectively formed at ca. 120 ± 5 Ma during rapid uplift...
Mercury in the national parks
Colleen Flanagan Pritz, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, David Krabbenhoft
2014, The George Wright Forum (31) 168-180
One thing is certain: Even for trained researchers, predicting mercury’s behavior in the environment is challenging. Fundamentally it is one of 98 naturally occurring elements, with natural sources, such as volcanoes, and concentrated ore deposits, such as cinnabar. Yet there are also human-caused sources, such as emissions from both coal-burning...
Eel River margin source-to-sink sediment budgets: revisited
Jonathan A. Warrick
2014, Marine Geology (351) 25-37
The Eel River coastal margin has been used as a representative source-to-sink sediment dispersal system owing to its steep, high-sediment yield river and the formation of sedimentary strata on its continental shelf. One finding of previous studies is that the adjacent continental shelf retains only ~25% of the Eel River...
Cycles of explosive and effusive eruptions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Don Swanson, Timothy R. Rose, Adonara E Mucek, Michael O. Garcia, Richard S. Fiske, Larry G. Mastin
2014, Geology (42) 631-634
The subaerial eruptive activity at Kīlauea Volcano (Hawai‘i) for the past 2500 yr can be divided into 3 dominantly effusive and 2 dominantly explosive periods, each lasting several centuries. The prevailing style of eruption for 60% of this time was explosive, manifested by repeated phreatic and phreatomagmatic activity in a...
Preliminary analysis of the role of lake basin morphology on the modern diatom flora in the Ruby Mountains and East Humboldt Range, Nevada, USA
Scott W. Starratt
2014, Mountain Views (8) 8-13
As paleolimnologists, we often look at the world through a 5-cm-diameter hole in the bottom of a lake, and although a number of studies have shown that a single core in the deepest part of a lake does not necessarily reflect the entire diatom flora, time and money often limit...
El Niño-Southern Oscillation is linked to decreased energetic condition in long-distance migrants
Kristina L. Paxton, Emily B. Cohen, Eben H. Paxton, Zoltan Nemeth, Frank R. Moore
2014, PLoS ONE (9)
Predicting how migratory animals respond to changing climatic conditions requires knowledge of how climatic events affect each phase of the annual cycle and how those effects carry-over to subsequent phases. We utilized a 17-year migration dataset to examine how El Niño-Southern Oscillation climatic events in geographically different regions of the...
