A progress report on estuary modeling by the finite-element method
William G. Gray
1978, Open-File Report 78-479
Various schemes are investigated for finite-element modeling of two-dimensional surface-water flows. The first schemes investigated combine finite-element spatial discretization with split-step time stepping schemes that have been found useful in finite-difference computations. Because of the large number of numerical integrations performed in space and the large sparse matrices solved, these...
Sediment sources and Holocene sedimentation history in Tillamook Bay, Oregon; data and preliminary interpretations
Jerry L. Glenn
1978, Open-File Report 78-680
Surface and core sediments from Tillamook Bay, Oregon, have been analyzed to determine modern and Holocene sediment sources and sedimentation history. Heavy mineral analyses established three sediment sources: (1) the five major rivers draining the volcanic and associated sedimentary rocks of the Coast Range, (2) small streams draining the sedimentary uplands that form the shoreline...
Computer program for a generic western coal region simulated model developed to investigate potential applications of system dynamics modeling to the EIS process
R. K. Mark, D. S. Harwood, Richard R. Doell, E. B. Newman
1978, Open-File Report 78-321
Determination of peak discharge from rainfall data for urbanized basins, Wichita, Kansas
C.O. Peek, P. R. Jordan
1978, Open-File Report 78-974
Rainfall and runoff data from urbanized drainage basins in the Wichita area, Kansas, were used to evaluate the Soil Conservation Service synthetichydrograph method of computing flood hydrographsfrom rainfall data. The method was tested on six basins where the impervious surface ranged from 11 percent on the least urbanized basin to...
Hot, deep origin of petroleum: shelf and shallow basin evidence and application
Leigh C. Price
1978, Open-File Report 78-1021
Oil and gas pools in shallow basins or on the shallow, stable shelves of deeper sedimentary basins may not be exceptions to the model of a hot deep origin of petroleum. The oil in shallow basins is directly associated with faulting extending out of the deepest parts of the basin....
Impact of flow regulation and power plant effluents on the flow and temperature regimes of the Chattahoochee River - Atlanta to Whitesburg, Georgia
Robert E. Faye, Harvey E. Jobson, Larry F. Land
1978, Open-File Report 78-528
A calibrated and verified transient flow temperature model was used to evaluate the effects of flow regulation and powerplant loadings on the natural temperature regime of the Chattahoochee River in northeast Georgia. Estimates were made of both instantaneous and average natural temperatures in the river during an eight-day period in...
Estuarine research: An annotated bibliography of selected literature, with emphasis on the Hudson River estuary, New York and New Jersey
William N. Embree, Denise A. Wiltshire
1978, Open-File Report 78-782
Abstracts of 177 selected publications on water movement in estuaries, particularly the Hudson River estuary, are compiled for reference in Hudson River studies. Subjects represented are the hydraulic, chemical, and physical characteristics of estuarine waters, estuarine modeling techniques, and methods of water-data collection and analysis. Summaries are presented in five...
Recent and projected changes in Dead Sea level and effects on mineral production from the sea
Stanley P. Sauer
1978, Open-File Report 78-176
Hydrologic data for the Dead Sea area were reviewed to assess the probable magnitude and rate of change of the water level of the Dead Sea. Historical average annual Dead Sea levels range from a minimum of 399.4 meters below sea level in about 1818 to a maximum of 388.6...
Terrain-analysis procedures for modeling radar backscatter
Gerald G. Schaber, Richard J. Pike, Graydon Lennis Berlin
1978, Open-File Report 79-1088
The collection and analysis of detailed information on the surface of natural terrain are important aspects of radar-backscattering modeling. Radar is especially sensitive to surface-relief changes in the millimeter- to-decimeter scale four conventional K-band (~1-cm wavelength) to L-band (~25-cm wavelength) radar systems. Surface roughness statistics that characterize these changes in...
Playback Station #2 for Cal Net and 5-day-recorder tapes
Jerry P. Eaton
1978, Open-File Report 78-542
A second system (Playback Station #2) has been set up to play back Cal Net 1" tapes and 5-day-recorder 1/2" tapes. As with the first playback system (Playback Station #1) the tapes are played back on a Bell and Howell VR3700B tape deck and the records are written out on...
Proceedings of Conference IV: the use of volunteers in the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program, convened under the auspices of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program, 2-3 February, 1978, Menlo Park, California
Peter L. Ward, editor(s)
1978, Open-File Report 78-336
There are tens of thousands of people in the United States who could play an important voluntary role in reducing earthquake hazards and are probably willing to do so. Under the Earthquake Hazard Reduction Act of 1977 the Federal government is significantly increasing its effort "to reduce the risk of life and property from...
Analysis of waste-load assimilative capacity of the Yampa River, Steamboat Springs to Hayden, Routt County, Colorado
Daniel P. Bauer, Timothy Doak Steele, Richard D. Anderson
1978, Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-119
An analysis of the waste-load assimilative capacity of the Yampa River from Steamboat Springs to Hayden, Colo., a distance of 38 miles, was made during September 1975 to obtain information on the effects of projected waste loadings on this stream reach. Simulations of effects of waste loadings on streamflow quality...
Effects of coal mine subsidence in the western Powder River basin, Wyoming
C. Richard Dunrud, Frank W. Osterwald
1978, Open-File Report 78-473
Analyses of the surface effects of past underground coal mining in the western Powder River Basin suggest that underground mining of strippable coal deposits will damage the environment more over long periods of time than will modern surface mining, provided proper restoration procedures are followed after surface mining. Subsidence depressions...
Postulated model of uranium occurrence in the central mining area, Marysvale District, west-central Utah
Charles G. Cunningham, Thomas August Steven
1978, Open-File Report 78-1093
Uranium in the central mining area of Marysvale, Utah occurs in hydrothermal veins cutting granitic and volcanic rocks in the eastern source area of the Mount Belknap Volcanics. A preliminary model for the origin of the veins envisages deposition in near-surface fractures above an unexposed pluton that may host a...
Five-day recorder seismic system
Ed Criley, Jerry P. Eaton, Jim Ellis
1978, Open-File Report 78-266
The 10-day recorder seismic system used by the USGS since 1965 has been modified substantially to improve its dynamic range and frequency response, to decrease its power consumption and physical complexity, and to make its recordings more compatible with other NCER systems to facilitate data processing. The principal changes include:...
Tsunami microprocessor tide system
Harold Clark, Gary L. Heckendorn
1978, Open-File Report 78-95
A Tsunami Microprocessor Tide System was developed to replace the Advanced Tsunami Tide System. The use of microprocessor based systems will reduce manpower and hardware costs from $4,000 per advanced system to $400 per microprocessor system. In addition to the cost reduction; the capacity, capability, and flexibility of the microprocessor...
Eolian sand and interbedded organic horizons at Kealok Creek on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska: possible regional implications
L. David Carter, S.W. Robinson
1978, Open-File Report 78-320
Eolian sand has long been recognized as a widespread but minor facies of supposedly dominantly marine sediments of the Gubik Formation of the Arctic Coastal Plain (Smith and Mertie, 1930; Black, 1951 and 1964; O'Sullivan, 1961). Descriptions of eolian landforms of the coastal plain have been published by several authors,...
Exploration geophysics calculator programs for use on Hewlett-Packard models 67 and 97 programmable calculators
David L. Campbell, Raymond D. Watts
1978, Open-File Report 78-815
Program listing, instructions, and example problems are given for 12 programs for the interpretation of geophysical data, for use on Hewlett-Packard models 67 and 97 programmable hand-held calculators. These are (1) gravity anomaly over 2D prism with = 9 vertices--Talwani method; (2) magnetic anomaly (?T, ?V, or ?H) over 2D...
Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Fish Springs Flat area, Tooele, Juab and Millard counties, Utah
E.L. Bolke, C. T. Sumsion
1978, Open-File Report 78-312
The Fish Springs Flat area includes about 590 square miles (1,530 square kilometers) in western Utah. Total annual precipitation on the area averages about 7 inches (180 millimeters) and totals about 232,000 acre-feet (286 cubic hectometers). Fish Springs Wash is the major drainage in the area; and, along with numerous...
Electron-microprobe study of chromitites associated with alpine ultramafic complexes and some genetic implications
M. L. Bird
1978, Open-File Report 78-119
Electron-microprobe and petrographic studies of alpine chromite deposits from around the world demonstrate that they are bimodal with respect to the chromic oxide content of their chromite. The two modes occur at 54 ? 4 and 37 ? 3 weight per cent chromic oxide corresponding to chromite designated as high-chromium...
Seismic model study of Patrick Draw field, Wyoming: a stratigraphic trap in the Upper Cretaceous Almond Formation
Robert C. Anderson, Robert T. Ryder
1978, Open-File Report 78-496
The Patrick Draw field, located on the eastern flank of the Rock Springs uplift in the Washakie basin of southwestern Wyoming, was discovered in 1959 without the use of geophysical methods. The field is a classic example of a stratigraphic trap, where Upper Cretaceous porous sandstone units pinch out on...
Hydraulic geometry of river cross sections; theory of minimum variance
Garnett P. Williams
1978, Professional Paper 1029
This study deals with the rates at which mean velocity, mean depth, and water-surface width increase with water discharge at a cross section on an alluvial stream. Such relations often follow power laws, the exponents in which are called hydraulic exponents. The Langbein (1964) minimum-variance theory is examined in regard...
Potential effects of deep-well waste disposal in western New York
Roger Milton Waller, John T. Turk, Robert James Dingman
1978, Professional Paper 1053
Mathematical and laboratory models were used to observe, respectively, the hydraulic and chemical reactions that may take place during proposed injection of a highly acidic, iron-rich waste pickle liquor into a deep waste-disposal well in western New York. Field temperature and pressure conditions were simulated in the tests. Hydraulic pressure...
Numerical modeling of liquid geothermal systems
M.L. Sorey
1978, Professional Paper 1044-D
No abstract available....
Transport and dispersion of fluorescent tracer particles for the dune-bed condition, Atrisco Feeder Canal near Bernalillo, New Mexico
R. E. Rathbun, Vance C. Kennedy
1978, Professional Paper 1037
A fluorescent tracer technique was used to study the rates of transport and dispersion of sediment particles of various diameters and specific gravities for a dune-bed condition in an alluvial channel, Atrisco Feeder Canal near Bernalillo, N. Mex. The total transport rates of bed material measured by the steady-dilution and...
