Relative influence upon microwave emissivity of fine-scale stratigraphy, internal scattering, and dielectric properties
A. W. England
1976, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (114) 287-299
The microwave emissivity of relatively low-loss media such as snow, ice, frozen ground, and lunar soil is strongly influenced by fine-scale layering and by internal scattering. Radiometric data, however, are commonly interpreted using a model of emission from a homogeneous, dielectric halfspace whose emissivity derives exclusively...
Problems in shallow land disposal of solid low-level radioactive waste in the united states
P. R. Stevens, G.D. DeBuchananne
1976, Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology (13) 161-171
Disposal of solid low-level wastes containing radionuclides by burial in shallow trenches was initiated during World War II at several sites as a method of protecting personnel from radiation and isolating the radionuclides from the hydrosphere and biosphere. Today, there are 11 principal shallow-land burial sites in the United States...
Landslides - Cause and effect
D. H. Radbruch-Hall, D. J. Varnes
1976, Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology (13) 205-216
Landslides can cause seismic disturbances; landslides can also result from seismic disturbances, and earthquake-induced slides have caused loss of life in many countries. Slides can cause disastrous flooding, particularly when landslide dams across streams are breached, and flooding may trigger slides. Slope movement in general is a major process of...
[Book review] American sportsmen and the origins of conservation
Richard C. Banks
1976, The Auk (93) 864-865
The relationship of this book to ornithology is so indirect that the work barely merits a review on these pages. In a rather subtle way, however, the book may have a considerable effect on at least one aspect of ornithology, that involving scientific collecting. In essence, the volume is an...
Model estimation of energy flow in Oregon coastal seabird populations
J. A. Wiens, J. M. Scott
1976, Condor (77) 439-452
No abstract available. ...
Reproductive rate and temporal spacing of nesting of red-winged blackbirds in upland habitat
Richard A. Dolbeer
1976, The Auk (93) 343-355
The literature contains numerous studies on Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) reproduction. Francis (1971) summarized eight studies dealing with nesting success. These and other studies have also provided information on breeding chronology, clutch sizes, sex ratios, survival rates for eggs and nestlings, reproductive physiology, and other life history aspects of reproduction....
Fatal vaccine-induced canine distemper virus infection in black-footed ferrets
J. W. Carpenter, M.J.G. Appel, R.C. Erickson, M.N. Novilla
1976, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (169) 961-964
Four black-footed ferrets that were live-trapped in South Dakota and transported to the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center died within 21 days after vaccination with modified live canine distemper virus. Immunofluorescence, European ferret inoculation, virus isolation attempts, and serum-neutralization tests indicated insufficient attenuation of the vaccine for this species....
Mathematical models for non-parametric inferences from line transect data
K.P. Burnham, David R. Anderson
1976, Biometrics (32) 325-336
A general mathematical theory of line transects is developed which supplies a framework for nonparametric density estimation based on either right angle or sighting distances. The probability of observing a point given its right angle distance (y) from the line is generalized to an arbitrary function g(y). Given only...
Chemical pollutants in field-collected canvasback tissues, eggs, and food materials
Donald H. White, M. P. Dieter, Rey C. Stendell
1976, Book chapter, Transactions of the Canvasback Workshop : April 6-7, 1976, Ramada Inn, Jamestown, North Dakota
In 1972 studies began on the levels of environmental pollutants in canvasback tissues, eggs, and food items. The purpose of the studies were to determine if the levels of toxic chemicals found in canvasbacks were of the magnitude to cause problems affecting reproduction and survival. Overall, levels of...
Behavior of trace elements during magmatic processes - A summary of theoretical models and their applications
Joseph G. Arth
1976, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (4) 41-47
Progress in understanding the behavior of trace elements during the processes that produce igneous rocks has been made possible by the parallel development of theoretical models to describe that behavior and analytical techniques that permit precise measurement of trace-element concentrations in igneous rocks and minerals. The result of this progress...
Petrology of the Paloma Valley ring complex, southern California batholith
D. M. Morton, A.M. Bard
1976, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (4) 83-89
The Paloma Valley ring complex is one of the numerous plutons that make up the Cretaceous southern California batholith. The complex is composite, consisting of (1) an older, single ring dike and two subsidiary short-arced inner dikes, and (2) a younger set of thin short-arced dikes largely inside the older...
Oxygen isotopes of some trondhjemites, siliceous gneisses, and associated mafic rocks
F. Barker, I. Friedman, D.R. Hunter, J.D. Gleason
1976, Precambrian Research (3) 547-557
Analyses of oxygen isotopes in whole-rock samples of 58 Precambrian and Phanerozoic trondhjemites and siliceous gneisses and of 28 cogenetic mafic to intermediate rocks from North America, Fennoscandia, and southern Africa give the following results: 1. (1) 47 trondhjemites, tonalites, and mostly Archean acidic gneisses that apparently are not isotopically...
Large sand waves on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf around Wilmington Canyon, off Eastern United States
H.J. Knebel, D. W. Folger
1976, Marine Geology (22) M7-M15
New seismic-reflection data show that large sand waves near the head of Wilmington Canyon on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf have a spacing of 100-650 m and a relief of 2-9 m. The bedforms trend northwest and are asymmetrical, the steeper slopes being toward the south or west. Vibracore sediments...
A model for calculating effects of liquid waste disposal in deep saline aquifer
Inc. Intercomp Resource Development and Engineering
1976, Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-61
Injection of liquid industrial wastes into confined underground saline aquifers can offer a good disposal alternative from both environmental and economic considerations. One of the needs in choosing from among several disposal alternatives is a means of evaluating the influence such an injection will have on the aquifer system. This...
Hydrology and sedimentation of Bixler Run Basin, central Pennsylvania
Lloyd A. Reed
1976, Water Supply Paper 1798-N
Rainfall, streamflow, stream chemical, and sediment discharge data were collected from Bixler Run near Loysville, Pa., during the period from February 1954 to September 1969 as part of a project to evaluate sediment discharge from an agricultural area in which soil-conservation techniques were being adopted at a moderate rate. The...
Tests of the standard (30 hz) NCER FM multiplex telemetry system, augmented by two timing channels and a compensation reference signal, used to record multiplexed seismic network data on magnetic tape
Jerry P. Eaton
1976, Open-File Report 76-374
The application of subtractive compensation to USGS seismic magnetic tape recording and playback systems was examined in a recent USGS Open-file report (1). It was found, for the standard (30 Hz) NCER multiplex system, that subtractive compensation utilizing a 4688 Hz reference signal multiplexed onto each data track was more...
Analysis of seismograms from a downhole array in sediments near San Francisco Bay
William B. Joyner, Richard E. Warrick, Adolph A. Oliver III
1976, Open-File Report 76-296
A four-level downhole array of three-component instruments was established on the southwest shore of San Francisco Bay to monitor the effect of the sediments on low-amplitude seismic ground motion. The deepest instrument is at a depth of 186 meters, two meters below the top of the Franciscan bedrock. Earthquake data...
Economic worth of hydrologic data in project design: An application to regional energy development
M.R. Karlinger
1976, Open-File Report 76-316
The linkage between the benefits to a regional economy from a water-dependent industry and the statistical uncertainty of the water supply that is needed in the production process is analyzed using a Bayesian scheme of expected-expected benefits of hydrologic data. In this analysis, expected benefits are calculated using anticipated streamflow...
Interpretation of magnetic surveys in intermontane valleys of Nevada and southern New Mexico
G. D. Bath
1976, Open-File Report 76-440
An evaluation of the magnetic method of geophysical exploration in intermontane valleys is made through examples of magnetic properties, magnetic surveys, reduction of data, and analysis of magnetic anomalies from some valley areas. Measurements of magnetic properties of samples collected along valley margins or from drill holes indicate that the...
Combined use of digital aquifer models and field base-flow data to identify recharge leakage areas of artesian aquifers
R.H. Johnston, P.P. Leahy
1976, Open-File Report 76-795
Modeling coliform-bacteria concentrations and pH in the salt-wedge reach of the Duwamish River Estuary, King County, Washington
W.L. Haushild, Edmund A. Prych
1976, Open-File Report 76-415
Total- and fecal-coliform bacteria, plus pH, alkalinity, and dissolved inorganic carbon are water-quality parameters that have been added to an existing numerical model of water quality in the salt-wedge reach of the Duwamish River estuary in Washington. The coliform bacteria are modeled using a first-order decay (death) rate, which is...
A cross-section plotting program (CSPP) for gridded (map) data
Richard B. Wells, Charles R. Faust, James W. Mercer
1976, Open-File Report 76-689
A FORTRAN program that prepares the Calcomp plotter tape for drawing cross-sections from gridded map data is described and documented. The program accepts gridded data of the form Z(x,y), where Z is the value at the grid intersection, (x,y). Up to 10 sets of Z(x,y) data for a given grid...
Analog-model analysis of effects of wastewater management on the groundwater reservoir in Nassau and Suffolk Counties, New York; Report II: Recharge with wastewater
Arlen W. Harbaugh, Thomas E. Reilly
1976, Open-File Report 76-847
Uranium in the Cochetopa District, Colorado, in relation to the Oligocene erosion surface
Jerry Chipman Olson
1976, Open-File Report 76-222
In the Cochetopa district, Colorado, the sequence of Mesozoic and Cenozoic events is as follows: development of a relatively smooth, planar erosion surface in Jurassic time; deposition, on this surface, of the Junction Creek Sandstone and Morrison Formation of Jurassic age, followed by deposition of the Dakota Sandstone and Mancos...
Fluid-Inclusion Petrology - Data from Porphyry Copper Deposits and Applications to Exploration
J. Thomas Nash
1976, Professional Paper 907-D
Fluid-inclusion studies of 37 porphyry copper deposits, mainly in the United States, demonstrate that all but 3 evolved through a hydrothermal stage characterized by very high salinities, generally in excess of about 35 weight percent NaCI equivalent. Temperatures of these fluids ranged from about 250 deg to 700 deg C...
