Ore transport and deposition in the Red Sea geothermal system: a geochemical model
Wayne C. Shanks III, J. L. Bischoff
1977, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (41) 1507-1519
Thermodynamic calculation of distribution of dissolved aqueous species in the Red Sea geothermal brine provides a model of ore transport and deposition in good agreement with observed accumulations of base metal sulfides, anhydrite, and barite.The Red Sea brine is recirculated seawater that acquires high salinity by low-temperature interaction with Miocene...
Use of natural basin wetlands by breeding waterfowl in North Dakota
H.A. Kantrud, R. E. Stewart
1977, Journal of Wildlife Management (41) 243-253
Use of basin wetlands by breeding populations of 12 species of waterfowl was investigated in 1965 and during 1967-69 throughout the prairie pothole region of North Dakota. Data were obtained primarily by random sampling techniques. Of the total population occupying natural basin wetlands 55 percent occupied seasonal and 36 percent...
Mechanical and hydraulic properties of rocks related to induced seismicity
P. A. Witherspoon, J.E. Gale
1977, Engineering Geology (11) 23-55
Witherspoon, P.A. and Gale, J.E., 1977. Mechanical and hydraulic properties of rocks related to induced seismicity. Eng. Geol., 11(1): 23-55. The mechanical and hydraulic properties of fractured rocks are considered with regard to the role they play in induced seismicity. In many cases, the mechanical properties of fractures determine the...
Lunar surface chemistry: A new imaging technique
C.G. Andre, M.J. Bielefeld, E. Eliason, L.A. Soderblom, I. Adler, J.A. Philpotts
1977, Science (197) 986-989
Detailed chemical maps of the lunar surface have been constructed by applying a new weighted-filter imaging technique to Apollo 15 and Apollo 16 x-ray fluorescence data. The data quality improvement is amply demonstrated by (i) modes in the frequency distribution, representing highland and mare soil suites, which are not evident...
Hydrochemistry of the Lake Magadi basin, Kenya
B.F. Jones, H.P. Eugster, S.L. Rettig
1977, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (41) 53-72
New and more complete compositional data are presented for a large number of water samples from the Lake Magadi area, Kenya. These water samples range from dilute inflow (<0.1 g/kg dissolved solids) to very concentrated brines (>300 g/kg dissolved solids). Five distinct hydrologic stages can be recognized in the evolution...
Earthquakes, October-November 1976
W. J. Person
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 32-36
October brought two damaging earthquakes to Ecuador and New Guinea. The Ecuador earthquake, although only magnitude 5.5, caused casualties and damage. The new Guinea earthquake, a major quake, caused a loss of life and damage. Two major earthquakes were experienced during November, in eastern Turkey on November 24 and in...
Evaluating the intensity of U.S. earthquakes
R. Simon, C. Stover
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 24-29
The intensity scale based on the Modified Mercalli Scale of 1931 (MM scale) measures the effects of seismic shaking. Intensity estimations are often the only representation of the size of an earthquake when small shocks occur in areas far removed from seismograph stations that can record them instrumentally. The impossibility...
Estimation of the probability of success in petroleum exploration
J.C. Davis
1977, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (9) 409-427
A probabilistic model for oil exploration can be developed by assessing the conditional relationship between perceived geologic variables and the subsequent discovery of petroleum. Such a model includes two probabilistic components, the first reflecting the association between a geologic condition (structural closure, for example) and the occurrence of oil, and...
Orientale and Caloris
J.F. McCauley
1977, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (15) 220-250
Applications of experimental explosion-crater data to Orientale and recent geologic mapping of the basin have produced a new stratigraphy and genetic model for Orientale that are also applicable to Caloris. The inner-basin scarp of Orientale is thought to be a bench separating the upper parts of the basin from its...
Earthquake history of Virginia
C. A. von Hake
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 28-30
Virginia is a State of considerable seismic activity, although the earthquakes are rarely strong. Thirty-five shocks, intensity MM V or greater (Modified Mercalli Scale), are listed with epicenters within its borders. The locations of several of the older events are not precise; thus, the above count i subject to alteration....
Demographic features of a lapland longspur population near Barrow, Alaska
Thomas W. Custer, Frank A. Pitelka
1977, The Auk (94) 505-525
Breeding density, clutch size, hatching and fledging success, and survival of adult Lapland Longspurs (Calcarius lapponicus) were monitored over a 7-year period near the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory, Barrow, Alaska. Nesting begins as soon as the tundra starts to clear of snow and appears to be timed so that the...
Interpretation of discordant 40Ar/39Ar age-spectra of mesozoic tholeiites from Antarctica
R.J. Fleck, J. F. Sutter, D.H. Elliot
1977, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (41) 15-32
Conventional K-Ar ages of tholeiitic basalts of the Ferrar Group in the central Transantarctic Mountains indicate significant loss of radiogenic 40Ar from this unit over much of its outcrop area. Argon loss varies inversely with amount of devitrified matrix in the basalts, which have not been thermally or tectonically disturbed since...
Climatologic and hydrologic data, southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado, water years 1975 and 1976
Loretta S. Conroy, F.K. Fields
1977, Utah Basic-Data Release 29
This report contains climatologic and hydrologic data that were collected as a part of an investigation of the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado, by the U.S. Geological Survey. The data apply mainly to water years 1975 and 1976, which includes the period from October 1974 through September 1976. Included...
Submarine seepage of natural gas in Norton Sound, Alaska
J.D. Cline, M.L. Holmes
1977, Science (198) 1149-1153
Unusual concentrations of dissolved two- to four-carbon alkanes were observed in the waters in Norton Sound in a localized area approximately 40 kilometers south of Nome, Alaska, in 1976. The hydrocarbons were identified in the near-bottom waters downcurrent for more than 100 kilometers from a sea-floor point source. Preliminary dynamic...
Rise of a variable-viscosity fluid in a steadily spreading wedge-shaped conduit with accreting walls
Arthur H. Lachenbruch, Manuel Nathenson
1976, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (4) 181-188
Relatively rigid plates making up the outer 50 to 100 km of the Earth are steadily separating from one another along narrow globe-circling zones of submarine volcanism, the oceanic spreading centers. Continuity requires that the viscous underlying material rise beneath spreading centers and accrete onto the steadily diverging plates. It...
Electronic thermal sensor and Data Collection Platform technology: Part 5 in Thermal surveillance of active volcanoes using the Landsat-1 Data Collection System
Duane M. Preble, Jules D. Friedman, David Frank
1976, Report, Thermal surveillance of active volcanoes using the Landsat-1 Data Collection System
Five Data Collection Platforms (DCP) were integrated electronically with thermall sensing systems, emplaced and operated in an analog mode at selected thermally significant volcanic and geothermal sites. The DCP's transmitted 3260 messages comprising 26,080 ambient, surface, and near-surface temperature records at an accuracy of ±1.15 °C for 1121 instrument days...
Tectonic framework of petroliferous rocks in Alaska: hydrocarbons
Arthur Grantz, C.E. Kirschner
1976, Book chapter, Circum-Pacific energy and mineral resources (AAPG Memoir 25)
Alaska, which contains about 28% of the land and continental shelf of the United States, is estimated by the U.S. Geological Survey to contain about one third of the nation's undiscovered oil and about one sixth of its undiscovered natural gas. The Survey estimates that fields discovered in Alaska through...
Gravity and magnetic studies of the Geysers-Clear Lake geothermal region, California, USA
William F. Isherwood
1976, Conference Paper, Proceedings: second United Nations Symposium on the development and use of geothermal resources, San Francisco, California, USA, 20-29 May 1975
Gravity and magnetic fields in The Geysers-Clear Lake region are interpreted in relation to the known geology and other available geophysical data. New gravity data provide additional detail with the area of geothermal steam production. Computer techniques were used for removal of the regional gravity field, anomaly enhancement, and modeling...
Textural distribution of sea-floor sediments, south Texas Outer Continental Shelf
Gerald L. Shideler
1976, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (4) 703-713
The general texture of sea-floor sediments along the south Texas Outer Continental Shelf was evaluated in terms of gravel, sand, silt, and clay components. The gravel component is quantitatively minor and is concentrated mainly in the southern sector; it consists, for the most part, of relict biogenic detritus dominated by...
Digital-model analysis of the effects of water-use alternatives on spring discharges Gooding and Jerome Counties, Idaho
Joe A. Moreland
1976, Water Information Bulletin 42
Springs discharging from the Snake Plain aquifer contribute approximately 6,000 cubic feet per second (170 cubic metres per second) to flow in the Snake River between Milner and King Hill. Before irrigation began on the Snake River Plain north and east of the springs, total spring discharge was about 4,200...
Man against volcano: The eruption on Heimaey, Vestmann Islands, Iceland
R.S. Williams Jr., J.G. Moore
1976, Report
The U.S. Geological Survey carries out scientific studies in the geological, hydrological, and cartographic sciences generally within the 50 states, but also in cooperation with scientific organizations in many foreign countries for the investigation of unusual earth science phenomena throughout the world. The following material discusses the impact of the...
Modified Carlin-type tag for identifying experimental fish
M.J. Donahoo
1976, Progressive Fish-Culturist (38) 88-89
No abstract available. ...
Leasing policies for the extractive resources
E. D. Attanasi, S.R. Johnson
1976, The Annals of Regional Science (10) 36-49
Much of the available analysis of policies for the disposal of publicly held resources is based on comparatively straightforward extensions of the neoclassical pricing and allocation theory. As such, these analyses have to a large extent not fully incorporated the fact that firms normally acquire rights...
Strontium isotopic geochemistry of the volcanic rocks and associated megacrysts and inclusions from Ross Island and vicinity, Antarctica
J. S. Stuckless, R.L. Ericksen
1976, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (58) 111-126
Twelve whole-rock samples of volcanic rocks and a composite of 11 basanitoid samples from Ross Island and vicinity, Antarctica show a narrow range of 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0.70305 to 0.70339. This range is consistent with a model of differentiation from a single parent magma, but the data allow a 30% variation in...
Relative influence upon microwave emissivity of fine-scale stratigraphy, internal scattering, and dielectric properties
A. W. England
1976, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (114) 287-299
The microwave emissivity of relatively low-loss media such as snow, ice, frozen ground, and lunar soil is strongly influenced by fine-scale layering and by internal scattering. Radiometric data, however, are commonly interpreted using a model of emission from a homogeneous, dielectric halfspace whose emissivity derives exclusively...
