Evaluation of modal pushover-based scaling of one component of ground motion: Tall buildings
Erol Kalkan, Anil K. Chopra
2012, Earthquake Spectra (28) 1469-1493
Nonlinear response history analysis (RHA) is now increasingly used for performance-based seismic design of tall buildings. Required for nonlinear RHAs is a set of ground motions selected and scaled appropriately so that analysis results would be accurate (unbiased) and efficient (having relatively small dispersion). This paper evaluates accuracy and efficiency...
High shrew diversity on Alaska's Seward Peninsula: Community assembly and environmental change
Andrew G. Hope
2012, Northwestern Naturalist (93) 101-110
In September 2010, 6 species of shrews (genus: Sorex) were collected at a single locality on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska. Such high sympatric diversity within a single mammalian genus is seldom realized. This phenomenon at high latitudes highlights complex Arctic community dynamics that reflect significant turnover through time as...
Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion: Chapter 28 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Jana Ruhlman, Leila Gass, Barry Middleton
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-28
The Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion (Omernik, 1987; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997), also known as the “Madrean Sky Islands” or “Sky Islands,” covers an area of approximately 40,536 km2 (15,651 mi2) in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico (fig. 1). The ecoregion is bounded on the west by the Sonoran Basin...
Tectonic influences on the preservation of marine terraces: Old and new evidence from Santa Catalina Island, California
R. Randall Schumann, Scott A. Minor, Daniel R. Muhs, Lindsey T. Groves, John P. McGeehin
2012, Geomorphology (179) 208-224
The California Channel Islands contain some of the best geologic records of past climate and sea-level changes, recorded in uplifted, fossil-bearing marine terrace deposits. Among the eight California Channel Islands and the nearby Palos Verdes Hills, only Santa Catalina Island does not exhibit prominent emergent marine terraces, though the same...
Willamette Valley Ecoregion: Chapter 3 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Tamara S. Wilson, Daniel G. Sorenson
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-3
The Willamette Valley Ecoregion (as defined by Omernik, 1987; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997) covers approximately 14,458 km² (5,582 mi2), making it one of the smallest ecoregions in the conterminous United States. The long, alluvial Willamette Valley, which stretches north to south more than 193 km and ranges from 32...
Blue Mountains Ecoregion: Chapter 16 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Christopher E. Soulard
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-16
The Blue Mountains Ecoregion encompasses approximately 65,461 km² (25,275 mi²) of land bordered on the north by the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion, on the east by the Northern Rockies Ecoregion, on the south by the Snake River Basin and the Northern Basin and Range Ecoregions, and on the west by the...
Northern Rockies Ecoregion: Chapter 7 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Janis L. Taylor
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-7
The Northern Rockies Ecoregion (Omernik, 1987; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997) covers approximately 162,746 km2 (63,200 mi2), primarily in Idaho but also including areas in western Montana and northeastern Washington (fig. 1). Canada forms the northern border of the ecoregion. To the west it is bordered by the Columbia Plateau...
Puget Lowland Ecoregion: Chapter 2 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Daniel G. Sorenson
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-2
The Puget Lowland Ecoregion covers an area of approximately 18,009 km² (6,953 mi²) within northwestern Washington (fig. 1) (Omernik, 1987; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997). The ecoregion is located between the Coast Range Ecoregion to the west, which includes the Olympic Mountains, and the North Cascades and the Cascades Ecoregions...
Bioenergy potential of the United States constrained by satellite observations of existing productivity
Sasha C. Reed, William K. Smith, Cory C. Cleveland, Norman L. Miller, Steven W. Running
2012, Conference Paper, Ecological Society of America 97th Annual Meeting, August 5-10, 2012, Portland, Oregon
Background/Question/Methods Currently, the United States (U.S.) supplies roughly half the world’s biofuel (secondary bioenergy), with the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) stipulating an additional three-fold increase in annual production by 2022. Implicit in such energy targets is an associated increase in annual biomass demand (primary bioenergy) from...
Snake River Basin Ecoregion: Chapter 24 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Benjamin M. Sleeter
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-24
Located in south-central Idaho, the Snake River Basin Ecoregion spans 66,063 km2 (25,507 mi2) of mostly sagebrushsteppe (Artemisia tridentata) with some areas of saltbushgreasewood (Atriplex spp. and Sarcobatus spp.) and barren lava fields (fig. 1) (Omernik, 1987; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997). The Snake River is the dominant hydrographic feature...
Chronic hydrocarbon exposure of harlequin ducks in areas affected by the Selendang Ayu oil spill at Unalaska Island, Alaska
Paul L. Flint, J.L. Schamber, K.A. Trust, A.K. Miles, J.D. Henderson, B.W. Wilson
2012, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (31) 2828-2831
We evaluated chronic exposure of harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) to hydrocarbons associated with the 2004 M/V Selendang Ayu oil spill at Unalaska Island, Alaska. We measured levels of hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity (EROD) in liver biopsy samples as an indicator of hydrocarbon exposure in three oiled bays and one reference bay in...
The past as prelude to the future for understanding 21st-century climate effects on Rocky Mountain Trout
Daniel J. Isaak, Clint C. Muhlfeld, Andrew S. Todd, Robert Al-chokhachy, James Roberts, Jeffrey L. Kershner, Kurt D. Fausch, Steven W. Hostetler
2012, Fisheries (37) 542-556
Bioclimatic models predict large reductions in native trout across the Rocky Mountains in the 21st century but lack details about how changes will occur. Through five case histories across the region, we explore how a changing climate has been affecting streams and the potential consequences for trout. Monitoring records show...
Coast Range Ecoregion: Chapter 1 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Terry L. Sohl
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-1
The Coast Range Ecoregion, which covers approximately 57,338 km2 (22,138 mi2), is a thin, linear ecoregion along the Pacific Coast, stretching roughly 1,300 km from the Olympic Peninsula, in northwest Washington, to an area south of San Francisco, California (fig. 1) (Omernik, 1987; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997). It is...
Colorado Plateaus Ecoregion: Chapter 21 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Michael P. Stier
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-21
The Colorado Plateaus Ecoregion covers approximately 129,617 km2 (50,045 mi2) within southern and eastern Utah, western Colorado, and the extreme northern part of Arizona (fig. 1). The terrain of this ecoregion is characterized by broad plateaus, ancient volcanoes, and deeply dissected canyons (Booth and others, 1999; fig. 2). The ecoregion...
Columbia Plateau Ecoregion: Chapter 22 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Benjamin M. Sleeter
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-22
Located in eastern Washington and northern Oregon, the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion is characterized by sagebrush steppe and grasslands with extensive areas of dryland farming and irrigated agriculture. The ecoregion, which is approximately 90,059 km2 (34,772 mi2), is surrounded on all sides by mountainous ecoregions: to the west, the North Cascades...
Influences on Bythotrephes longimanus life-history characteristics in the Great Lakes
Steven A. Pothoven, Henry A. Vanderploeg, David M. Warner, Jeffrey S. Schaeffer, Stuart A. Ludsin, Randall M. Claramunt, Thomas F. Nalepa
2012, Journal of Great Lakes Research (38) 134-141
We compared Bythotrephes population demographics and dynamics to predator (planktivorous fish) and prey (small-bodied crustacean zooplankton) densities at a site sampled through the growing season in Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie. Although seasonal average densities of Bythotrephes were similar across lakes (222/m2 Erie, 247/m2 Huron, 162/m2 Michigan), temporal trends in...
Southern Rockies Ecoregion: Chapter 8 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Mark A. Drummond
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-8
The Southern Rockies Ecoregion is a high-elevation mountainous ecoregion that covers approximately 138,854 km2 (53,612 mi2), including much of central Colorado and parts of southern Wyoming and northern New Mexico (fig. 1) (Omernik, 1987; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997). It abuts six other ecoregions: the Wyoming Basin and Colorado Plateaus...
Klamath Mountains Ecoregion: Chapter 13 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Benjamin M. Sleeter, James P. Calzia
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-13
The Klamath Mountains Ecoregion covers approximately 47,791 km2 (18,452 mi2) of the Klamath and Siskiyou Mountains of northern California and southern Oregon (fig. 1) (Omernik, 1987; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997). The ecoregion is flanked by the Coast Range Ecoregion to the west, the Southern and Central California Chaparral and...
Arizona/New Mexico Plateau Ecoregion: Chapter 26 in Status and trends of land change in the Western United States--1973 to 2000
Jana Ruhlman, Leila Gass, Barry Middleton
2012, Professional Paper 1794-A-26
Situated between ecoregions of distinctly different topographies and climates, the Arizona/New Mexico Plateau Ecoregion represents a large area of approximately 192,869 km2 (74,467 mi2) that stretches across northern Arizona, central and northwestern New Mexico, and parts of southwestern Colorado; in addition, a small part extends into southeastern Nevada (fig. 1)...
Biomedical health assessments of the Florida manatee in Crystal River - providing opportunities for training during the capture, handling, and processing of this endangered aquatic mammal
Robert K. Bonde, Andrew Garrett, Michael Belanger, Nesime Askin, Luke Tan, Carin Wittnich
2012, Journal of Marine Animals and Their Ecology (5) 17-28
Federal and state researchers have been involved in manatee (Trichechus manatus) biomedical health assessment programs for a couple of decades. These benchmark studies have provided a foundation for the development of consistent capture, handling, and processing techniques and protocols. Biologists have implemented training and encouraged multi-agency participation whenever possible to...
Age, Growth and Reproduction of the Eastern Mudminnow (Umbra pygmaea) at the Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey.
Frank Panek, Judith S. Weis
2012, Northeastern Naturalist (19) 217-228
Umbra pygmaea DeKay (Eastern Mudminnow) is one of four species of Umbridae in North America. There is little published life-history information on the species within its native range, particularly on age, growth, and reproduction. This study focuses on these aspects of the life history of this fish at the Great...
Epidemiology of a Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica serovar Typhimurium strain associated with a songbird outbreak.
David S. Blehert, Sonia M. Hernandez, Kevin Keel, Susan Sanchez, Eija Trees, Peter Gerner-Smidt
2012, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (78) 7290-7298
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium is responsible for the majority of salmonellosis cases worldwide. This Salmonella serovar is also responsible for die-offs in songbird populations. In 2009, there was an S. Typhimurium epizootic reported in pine siskins in the eastern United States. At the time, there was also a...
Using a non-physical behavioural barrier to alter migration routing of juvenile Chinook salmon in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta
R.W. Perry, J.G. Romine, N.S. Adams, A.R. Blake, J.R. Burau, S.V. Johnston, T.L. Liedtke
2012, River Research and Applications (30) 192-203
Anthropogenic alterations to river systems, such as irrigation and hydroelectric development, can negatively affect fish populations by reducing survival when fish are routed through potentially dangerous locations. Non-physical barriers using behavioural stimuli are one means of guiding fish away from such locations without obstructing water flow. In the Sacramento–San Joaquin...
Application of Wind Fetch and Wave Models for Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Projects
Jason J. Rohweder, James T. Rogala, Barry L. Johnson, Dennis Anderson, Steve Clark, Ferris Chamberlin
2012, Conference Paper, Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society
Models based upon coastal engineering equations have been developed to quantify wind fetch length and several physical wave characteristics including significant height, length, peak period, maximum orbital velocity, and shear stress. These models were used to quantify differences in proposed island construction designs for three Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Projects...
Spatial and temporal patterns of surface water quality and ichthyotoxicity in urban and rural river basins in Texas
Matthew M. VanLandeghem, Matthew D. Meyer, Stephen B. Cox, Bibek Sharma, Reynaldo Patino
2012, Water Research (20) 6638-6651
The Double Mountain Fork Brazos River (Texas, USA) consists of North (NF) and South Forks (SF). The NF receives urban runoff and twice-reclaimed wastewater effluent, whereas the SF flows through primarily rural areas. The objective of this study was to determine and compare associations between standard water quality variables and...
