Fast rupture of the 2009 Mw 6.9 Canal de Ballenas earthquake in the Gulf of California dynamically triggers seismicity in California
Wenyuan Fan, Ryo Okuwaki, Andrew J. Barbour, Yihe Huang, Guoqing Lin, Elizabeth S. Cochran
2022, Geophysical Journal International (230) 528-541
In the Gulf of California, Mexico, the relative motion across the North America-Pacific boundary is accommodated by a series of marine transform faults and spreading centers. About 40 M>6 earthquakes have occurred in the region since 1960. On 3 August 2009, an Mw 6.9 earthquake occurred near Canal de Ballenas...
NWTOPT — A hyperparameter optimization approach for selection of environmental model solver settings
Max William Newcomer, Randall J. Hunt
2022, Environmental Modelling and Software (147) 1-7
Hyperparameter optimization approaches were applied to improve performance and accuracy of groundwater flow models. Freely available new software, NWTOPT, is described that uses Tree of Parzen Estimators (TPE) and Random Search algorithms to optimize MODFLOW-NWTs solver settings. We ran 3500 trials on a steady-state and transient model. To quantify the...
Light and flow regimes regulate the metabolism of rivers
Emily. S Bernhardt, Philip Savoy, Michael J Vlah, Alison Paige Appling, Lauren E Koenig, Robert O Hall Jr., Maite Arroita, Joanna Blaszczak, Alice M. Carter, Matthew J. Cohen, Judson Harvey, James B. Heffernan, Ashley M. Helton, J.D. Hosen, Lily Kirk, William H. McDowell, Emily H. Stanley, Charles B. Yackulic, Nancy B. Grimm
2022, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (119)
Mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation drive much of the variation in productivity across Earth's terrestrial ecosystems but do not explain variation in gross primary productivity (GPP) or ecosystem respiration (ER) in flowing waters. We document substantial variation in the magnitude and seasonality of GPP and ER across 222...
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations of reef surf zone processes driven by plunging irregular waves
Ryan J. Lowe, C. Altomare, Mark L. Buckley, Renan F. da Silva, Jeff E. Hansen, Dirk P. Rijnsdorp, J.M. Dominguez, A.J.C. Crespo
2022, Ocean Modelling (171)
As waves interact with the slopes of coral reefs and other steep bathymetry profiles, plunging breaking usually occurs where the free surface overturns and violent water motion is triggered. Resolving these surf zone processes pose significant challenges for conventional mesh-based hydrodynamic models, due to the rapidly-deforming nature of...
Observation-constrained multicycle dynamic models of the southern San Andreas and the northern San Jacinto Faults: Addressing complexity in paleoearthquake extent and recurrence with realistic 2D fault geometry
Dunyu Liu, Benchuan Duan, Katherine M. Scharer, Doug Yule
2022, JGR Solid Earth (127)
Understanding mechanical conditions that lead to complexity in earthquakes is important to seismic hazard analysis. In this study, we simulate physics-based multicycle dynamic models of the San Andreas fault (Carrizo through San Bernardino sections) and the San Jacinto fault (Claremont and Clark strands). We focus on a complex fault geometry...
Trends in volcano seismology: 2010 to 2020 and beyond
Weston Thelen, Robin Matoza, Alicia J. Hotovec-Ellis
2022, Bulletin of Volcanology (84)
Volcano seismology has been fundamental to our current understanding of crustal magma migration and eruption. The increasing availability of portable seismic networks with the creative use of seismic sources and ambient noise has led to a better understanding of the volcanic structure of many volcanoes and is producing increasingly detailed...
Epidemiological differences between sexes affect management efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems
William J. Rogers, Ellen E. Brandell, Paul C. Cross
Hamish McCallum, editor(s)
2022, Journal of Applied Ecology (59) 1122-1133
Sex-based differences in physiology, behaviour and demography commonly result in differences in disease prevalence. However, sex differences in prevalence may reflect exposure rather than transmission, which could affect disease control programmes. One potential example is chronic wasting disease (CWD), which has been observed at greater prevalence among male than...
Population structure, intergroup interaction, and human contact govern infectious disease impacts in mountain gorilla populations
Christopher A. Whittier, Felicia B. Nutter, Philip L. F. Johnson, Paul C. Cross, James O. Lloyd-Smith, Barrett D. Slenning, Michael K. Stoskopf
2022, American Journal of Primatology (84)
Infectious zoonotic diseases are a threat to wildlife conservation and global health. They are especially a concern for wild apes, which are vulnerable to many human infectious diseases. As ecotourism, deforestation, and great ape field research increase, the threat of human-sourced infections to wild populations becomes more substantial and could...
Variation in foraging patterns as reflected by floral resources used by male vs female bees of selected species at Badlands National Park, SD
Diane L. Larson, Zachary M. Portman, Jennifer Larson, Deborah A. Buhl
2022, Arthropod-Plant Interactions (16) 145-157
Female and male bees forage for different reasons: females provision nests with pollen appropriate for larval development and consume nectar for energy while males need only fuel their own energetic requirements. The expectation, therefore, is that females should visit fewer floral resource species than males, due to females’ focus...
Yucaipa valley integrated hydrological model
Ayman H. Alzraiee, John A. Engott, Geoffrey Cromwell, Linda R. Woolfenden
2022, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5118-B
IntroductionThe hydrologic system in the Yucaipa Valley watershed (YVW) was simulated using the coupled Groundwater and Surface-water FLOW model (GSFLOW; Markstrom and others, 2008). This study uses version 2.0 of GSFLOW, which is a combination of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS; Markstrom and others, 2015), and the Newton-Raphson formulation of...
Hydrogeologic characterization of the Yucaipa groundwater subbasin
Geoffrey Cromwell, John A. Engott, Ayman H. Alzraiee, Christina Stamos-Pfeiffer, Gregory Mendez, Meghan C. Dick, Sandra Bond
2022, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5118-A
IntroductionWater management in the Santa Ana River watershed in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties in southern California (fig. A1) is complex with various water purveyors navigating geographic, geologic, hydrologic, and political challenges to provide a reliable water supply to stakeholders. As the population has increased throughout southern California, so has...
A novel approach for directly incorporating disease into fish stock assessment: A case study with seroprevalence data
John T. Trochta, Maya Groner, Paul Hershberger, Trevor A. Branch
2022, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (79) 611-630
When estimating mortality from disease with fish population models, common disease surveillance data such as infection prevalence are not always informative, especially for fast-acting diseases that may go unobserved in infrequently sampled populations. In these cases, seroprevalence — the proportion of fish with measurable antibody levels in their blood — may be...
Prospective and retrospective evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey public aftershock forecast for the 2019-2021 Southwest Puerto Rico Earthquake and aftershocks
Nicholas van der Elst, Jeanne L. Hardebeck, Andrew J. Michael, Sara K. McBride, Elizabeth Vanacore
2022, Seismological Research Letters (93) 620-640
The Mw">Mw 6.4 Southwest Puerto Rico Earthquake of 7 January 2020 was accompanied by a robust fore‐ and aftershock sequence. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has issued regular aftershock forecasts for more than...
Multi-species inference of exotic annual and native perennial grasses in rangelands of the western United States using Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 data
Devendra Dahal, Neal J. Pastick, Stephen P. Boyte, Sujan Parajuli, Michael J. Oimoen, Logan J. Megard
2022, Remote Sensing (14)
The invasion of exotic annual grass (EAG), e.g., cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae), into rangeland ecosystems of the western United States is a broad-scale problem that affects wildlife habitats, increases wildfire frequency, and adds to land management costs. However, identifying individual species of EAG abundance from...
Ground failure triggered by the 7 January 2020 M6.4 Puerto Rico earthquake
Kate E. Allstadt, Eric M. Thompson, Desiree Bayouth Garcia, Edwin Irizarry Brugman, K. Stephen Hughes, Robert G. Schmitt
2022, Seismological Research Letters (93) 594-608
The 7 January 2020 M 6.4 Puerto Rico earthquake, the mainshock of an extended earthquake sequence, triggered significant ground failure. In this study, we detail the ground failure that occurred based largely on a postearthquake field reconnaissance campaign that we conducted. We documented more than 300...
Juvenile continental crust evolution in a modern oceanic arc setting: Petrogenesis of Cenozoic felsic plutons in Fiji, SW Pacific
Chris S. Marien, Elizabeth Kathleen Drewes-Todd, Allen Stork, Erin Todd, James B Gill, J. Elis Hoffman, Kenichiro Tani, Charlotte M. Allen, Carsten Munker
2022, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (320) 339-365
Viti Levu, Fiji, provides one of the best exposed Phanerozoic analogues for the formation of juvenile continental crust in an intra-oceanic setting. Tonalites and trondhjemites are present in several large (75–150 km2) adjacent, mid-Cenozoic plutons. We report major and trace element data...
Mature diffuse tectonic block boundary revealed by the 2020 southwestern Puerto Rico seismic sequence
Uri S. ten Brink, L Vanacore, E. J. Fielding, Jason Chaytor, A.M. Lopez-Venegas, Wayne E. Baldwin, David S. Foster, Brian D. Andrews
2022, Tectonics (41)
Distributed faulting typically tends to coalesce into one or a few faults with repeated deformation. The progression of clustered medium-sized (≥Mw4.5) earthquakes during the 2020 seismic sequence in southwestern Puerto Rico (SWPR), modeling shoreline subsidence from InSAR, and sub-seafloor mapping by high-resolution seismic reflection profiles, suggest that the 2020 SWPR...
Shoaling wave shape estimates from field observations and derived bedload sediment rates
Tarandeep S. Kalra, Steven E. Suttles, Christopher R. Sherwood, John C. Warner, Alfredo Aretxabaleta, Gibson Robert Scott Leavitt
2022, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (10)
The shoaling transformation from generally linear deep-water waves to asymmetric shallow-water waves modifies wave shapes and causes near-bed orbital velocities to become asymmetrical, contributing to net sediment transport. In this work, we used two methods to estimate the asymmetric wave shape from data at three sites. The first method converted...
Empirical map-based nonergodic models of site response in the greater Los Angeles area
Grace Alexandra Parker, Annemarie S. Baltay Sundstrom
2022, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (112) 1607-1629
We develop empirical estimates of site response at seismic stations in the Los Angeles area using recorded ground motions from 414 M 3–7.3 earthquakes in southern California. The data are from a combination of the Next Generation Attenuation‐West2 project, the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes, and about 10,000 newly processed records. We estimate site...
Earthquake-derived seismic velocity changes during the 2018 caldera collapse of Kīlauea volcano
Alicia J. Hotovec-Ellis, Brian Shiro, David R. Shelly, Kyle R. Anderson, Matt Haney, Weston Thelen, Emily K. Montgomery-Brown, Ingrid A. Johanson
2022, Journal of Geophysical Research (127)
The 2018 Kīlauea caldera collapse produced extraordinary sequences of seismicity and deformation, with 62 episodic collapse events which significantly altered the landscape of the summit region. Despite decades of focused scientific studies at Kīlauea, detailed information about the internal structure of the volcano is limited. Recently developed...
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater used as a source of drinking water in the eastern United States
Peter B. McMahon, Andrea K. Tokranov, Laura M. Bexfield, Bruce D. Lindsey, Tyler D. Johnson, Melissa A. Lombard, Elise Watson
2022, Environmental Science & Technology (56) 2279-2288
In 2019, 254 samples were collected from five aquifer systems to evaluate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) occurrence in groundwater used as a source of drinking water in the eastern United States. The samples were analyzed for 24 PFAS, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), volatile organic...
Nutrient improvements in Chesapeake Bay: Direct effect of load reductions and implications for coastal management
Rebecca R. Murphy, Jennifer L. D. Keisman, Jon Harcum, Renee Karrh, Michael F. Lane, Elgin S. Perry, Qian Zhang
2022, Environmental Science & Technology (56) 260-270
In Chesapeake Bay in the United States, decades of management efforts have resulted in modest reductions of nutrient loads from the watershed, but corresponding improvements in estuarine water quality have not clearly materialized. Generalized additive models were used to directly link river flows and nutrient loads from the watershed to...
How much marsh restoration is enough to deliver wave attenuation coastal protection benefits?
Katherine A. Castagno, Neil K. Ganju, Michael W. Beck, Alison Bowden, Steven B. Scyphers
2022, Frontiers in Marine Science (8)
As coastal communities grow more vulnerable to sea-level rise and increased storminess, communities have turned to nature-based solutions to bolster coastal resilience and protection. Marshes have significant wave attenuation properties and can play an important role in coastal protection for many communities. Many restoration projects seek to maximize this ecosystem...
Behavioral state-dependent habitat selection and implications for animal translocations
Simona Picardi, Peter S. Coates, Jesse L. Kolar, Shawn T. O’Neil, Steven R. Mathews, David K. Dahlgren
Annabel Smith, editor(s)
2022, Journal of Applied Ecology (59) 624-635
Post-release monitoring of translocated animals is often used to inform future translocation protocols. Quantifying habitat selection of translocated individuals may help identify features that characterize good settlement habitat and thus inform the choice of future release sites. However, translocated animals often undergo post-release behavioural modification, and their habitat selection...
Invasion of Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) along the South Platte River: The roles of seed source, human influence, and river geomorphology
Lindsay Reynolds, Laura Perry, Patrick B. Shafroth, Gabrielle L. Katz, Andrew S. Norton
2022, Wetlands (42) 1-23
Riparian ecosystems in the western USA have been invaded by non-native woody species deliberately introduced for stream bank stabilization, agricultural windbreaks, and urban shade. Recent work suggests that the non-native tree Ulmus pumila (Siberian elm) is capable of significant spread in western riparian ecosystems, that range infilling is still incomplete, and that...
