Intraspecific variation in nutrient reserve use during clutch formation by Lesser Scaup
Daniel Esler, J. Barry Grand, Alan D. Afton
2001, The Condor-810
We studied nutrient reserve dynamics of female Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) to identify sources of intraspecific variation in strategies of nutrient acquisition for meeting the high nutritional and energetic costs of egg formation. We collected data from interior Alaska and combined these with data for Lesser Scaup from midcontinent breeding...
Evolution of the December 14, 1989 precursory long-period event swarm at Redoubt volcano, Alaska
C.D. Stephens, B. A. Chouet
2001, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (109) 133-148
The intermittency pattern and evolution in waveforms of long-period (LP) seismic events during the intense, 23-h swarm that preceded the December 14, 1989 eruption of Redoubt volcano are investigated. Utilizing cross correlation to exploit the high degree of similarity among waveforms, a substantially more complete event catalog is generated than...
Results From a Channel Restoration Project: Hydraulic Design Considerations
K.F. Karle, R.V. Densmore
Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F., editor(s)
2001, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference
Techniques for the hydraulic restoration of placer-mined streams and floodplains were developed in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska. The two-year study at Glen Creek focused on a design of stream and floodplain geometry using hydraulic capacity and shear stress equations. Slope and sinuosity values were based on regional relationships....
Biogeochemistry of a treeline watershed, northwestern Alaska
R. Stottlemyer
2001, Journal of Environmental Quality (30) 1990-1998
Since 1950, mean annual temperatures in northwestern Alaska have increased. Change in forest floor and soil temperature or moisture could alter N mineralization rates, production of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and organic nitrogen (DON), and their export to the aquatic ecosystem. In 1990, we began study of nutrient cycles in...
Cost considerations for long-term ecological monitoring
L. Caughlan, K.L. Oakley
2001, Ecological Indicators (14) 1-12
For an ecological monitoring program to be successful over the long-term, the perceived benefits of the information must justify the cost. Financial limitations will always restrict the scope of a monitoring program, hence the program's focus must be carefully prioritized. Clearly identifying the costs and benefits of a program will...
Water Resources Data, Alaska, Water Year 2000
D. F. Meyer, D.L. Hess, M.F. Schellekens, C. W. Smith, E.F. Snyder, G. L. Solin
2001, Water Data Report AK-00-1
Water-resources data for the 2000 water year for Alaska consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stages of lakes; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. This volume contains records for water discharge at 106 gaging stations; stage or contents only at 4 gaging...
Corticosterone facilitates begging and affects resource allocation in the black-legged kittiwake
Alexander S Kitaysky, John C. Wingfield, John F. Piatt
2001, Behavioral Ecology (12) 619-625
Parent black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and their dependent chicks respond to food shortages by increasing circulating levels of corticosterone. To examine the behavioral significance of corticosterone release, we experimentally increased levels of circulating corticosterone in parents and chicks up to the levels observed during food shortages. We found that corticosterone-implanted...
Densities of breeding birds and changes in vegetation in an alaskan boreal forest following a massive disturbance by spruce beetles
Steven M. Matsuoka, Colleen M. Handel, Daniel R. Ruthrauff
2001, Canadian Journal of Zoology (79) 1678-1690
We examined bird and plant communities among forest stands with different levels of spruce mortality following a large outbreak of spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby)) in the Copper River Basin, Alaska. Spruce beetles avoided stands with black spruce (Picea mariana) and selectively killed larger diameter white spruce (Picea glauca), thereby...
Serologic survey for canine coronavirus in wolves from Alaska
Randall L. Zarnke, Jim F. Evermann, Jay M. Ver Hoef, Mark E. McNay, Rodney D. Boertje, Craig L. Gardner, Layne G. Adams, Bruce W. Dale, John W. Burch
2001, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (37) 740-745
Wolves (Canis lupus) were captured in three areas of Interior Alaska (USA). Four hundred twenty-five sera were tested for evidence of exposure to canine coronavirus by means of an indirect fluorescent antibody procedure. Serum antibody prevalence averaged 70% (167/240) during the spring collection period and 25% (46/185) during the autumn...
Stock structure of sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) in Alaska
C.S. Gorbics, James L. Bodkin
2001, Marine Mammal Science (17) 632-647
Sea otters in Alaska are recognized as a single subspecies (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) and currently managed as a single, interbreeding population. However, geographic and behavioral mechanisms undoubrably constrain sea otter movements on much smaller scales. This paper applies the phylogeographic method (Dizon et al. 1992) and considers distribution, population response, phenotype...
Effects of migratory geese on plant communities of an Alaskan salt marsh
Amy B. Zacheis, Jerry W. Hupp, Roger W. Ruess
2001, Journal of Ecology (89) 57-71
1. We studied the effects of lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens) and Canada geese (Branta canadensis) on two salt marsh plant communities in Cook Inlet, Alaska, a stopover area used during spring migration. From 1995 to 1997 we compared plant species composition and biomass on plots where geese were...
Effects of recent climate warming on caribou habitat and calf survival
Brad Griffith, David C. Douglas, Donald E. Russell, Robert G. White, Thomas R. McCabe, Kenneth R. Whitten
Rhys E. Green, Mike Harley, Mark Spalding, Christoph Zockler, editor(s)
2001, Book chapter, Impacts of climate change on wildlife
Migratory Barren-Ground Caribou Rangifer tarandus granti are the most important subsistence resource for northern indigenous peoples. They are likely to respond to global climatic changes that affect the distribution of their forage resources and the availability of forage through the year. The Porcupine Caribou herd is a large, internationally migratory...
Rooted Brooks Range ophiolite: Implications for Cordilleran terranes
R. W. Saltus, R. L. Morin, T. L. Hudson
2001, Geology (29) 1151-1154
Modeling of gravity and magnetic data shows that areally extensive mafic and ultramafic rocks of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, are at least 8 km thick, and that gabbro and ultramafic rocks underlie basalt in several places. The basalt, gabbro, and ultramafic rocks have been considered parts of a far-traveled...
Regional variations in provenance and abundance of ice-rafted clasts in Arctic Ocean sediments: Implications for the configuration of late Quaternary oceanic and atmospheric circulation in the Arctic
R. L. Phillips, A. Grantz
2001, Marine Geology (172) 91-115
The composition and distribution of ice-rafted glacial erratics in late Quaternary sediments define the major current systems of the Arctic Ocean and identify two distinct continental sources for the erratics. In the southern Amerasia basin up to 70% of the erratics are dolostones and limestones (the Amerasia suite) that originated...
Shallow-storage conditions for the rhyolite of the 1912 eruption at Novarupta, Alaska
Michelle L. Coombs, James E. Gardner
2001, Geology (29) 775-778
Recent studies have proposed contrasting models for the plumbing system that fed the 1912 eruption of Novarupta, Alaska. Here, we investigate the conditions under which the rhyolitic part of the erupted magma last resided in the crust prior to eruption. Geothermometry suggests that the rhyolite was held at ∼800-850 °C,...
Formation and failure of volcanic debris dams in the Chakachatna River valley associated with eruptions of the Spurr volcanic complex, Alaska
C. F. Waythomas
2001, Geomorphology (39) 111-129
The formation of lahars and a debris avalanche during Holocene eruptions of the Spurr volcanic complex in south-central Alaska have led to the development of volcanic debris dams in the Chakachatna River valley. Debris dams composed of lahar and debris-avalanche deposits formed at least five times in the last 8000-10,000...
Polar bears in the Beaufort Sea: A 30-year mark-recapture case history
Steven C. Amstrup, T. L. McDonald, I. Stirling
2001, Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics (6) 221-234
Knowledge of population size and trend is necessary to manage anthropogenic risks to polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Despite capturing over 1,025 females between 1967 and 1998, previously calculated estimates of the size of the southern Beaufort Sea (SBS) population have been unreliable. We improved estimates of numbers of...
Juvenile groundfish habitat in Kachemak Bay, Alaska, during late summer
Alisa A. Abookire, John F. Piatt, Brenda L. Norcross
2001, Alaska Fishery Research Bulletin (8) 45-56
We investigated the habitat of juvenile groundfishes in relation to depth, water temperature, and salinity in Kachemak Bay, Alaska. Stations ranging in depth from 10 to 70 m and with sand or mud-sand substrates were sampled with a small-meshed beam trawl in August-September of 1994 to 1999. A total of...
The Great Auk [Book review]
John F. Piatt
2001, Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation (29) 65-66
Human obsession with the Great Auk or Garefowl Pinguinus impennis is what this book is about, and it further fuels the fire of our fascination. As Fuller concludes in his introduction: ‘The Great Auk, large and plump, has tempted man since the dawn of history. Whatever the precise reasons for...
Geographic variation of PCB congeners in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard east to the Chukchi Sea
M. Andersen, E. Lie, A.E. Derocher, S.E. Belikov, A. Bernhoft, Andrei N. Boltunov, G.W. Garner, J.U. Skaare, Øystein Wiig
2001, Polar Biology (24) 231-238
We present data on geographic variation in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in adult female polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard eastward to the Chukchi Sea. Blood samples from 90 free-living polar bears were collected in 1987–1995. Six PCB congeners, penta to octa chlorinated (PCB-99, -118, -153, -156, -180,...
Effects of gull predation and weather on survival of emperor goose goslings
Joel A. Schmutz, Bryan F.J. Manly, Christian P. Dau
2001, Journal of Wildlife Management (65) 248-257
Numbers of emperor geese (Chen canagica) have remained depressed since the mid-1980s. Despite increases in glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus), a primary predator of goslings, little information existed to assess whether recent patterns of gosling survival have been a major factor affecting population dynamics. We used observations of known families of...
Topography and flooding of coastal ecosystems on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: Implications for sea level rise
Torre Jorgenson, Craig R. Ely
2001, Journal of Coastal Research (17) 124-136
We measured surface elevations, stage of annual peak flooding, and sedimentation along 10 toposequences across coastal ecosystems on the Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta in western Alaska during 1994-1998 to assess some of the physical processes affecting ecosystem distribution. An ecotype was assigned to each of 566 points, and differences in elevations...
Comparison of methods used to estimate numbers of walruses on sea ice
Mark S. Udevitz, James R. Gilbert, Gennadii A. Fedoseev
2001, Marine Mammal Science (17) 601-616
The US and former USSR conducted joint surveys of Pacific walruses on sea ice and at land haul-outs in 1975, 1980, 1985, and 1990. One of the difficulties in interpreting results of these surveys has been that, except for the 1990 survey, the Americans and Soviets used different methods for...
Seabird tissue archival and monitoring project: Protocol for collecting and banking seabird eggs
Geoff Weston-York, Barbara J. Porter, Rebecca S. Pugh, David G. Roseneau, Kristin S. Simac, Paul R. Becker, Lyman K. Thorsteinson, Stephen A. Wise
2001, Report
Archiving biological and environmental samples for retrospective analysis is a major component of systematic environmental monitoring. The long-term storage of carefully selected, representative samples in an environmental specimen bank is an important complement to the real-time monitoring of the environment. These archived samples permit:The use of subsequently developed innovative analytical...
Volcanoes of the Wrangell Mountains and Cook Inlet region, Alaska: selected photographs
Christina A. Neal, Robert G. McGimsey, Michael F. Diggles
2001, Data Series 39
Alaska is home to more than 40 active volcanoes, many of which have erupted violently and repeatedly in the last 200 years. This CD-ROM contains 97 digitized color 35-mm images which represent a small fraction of thousands of photographs taken by Alaska Volcano Observatory scientists, other researchers, and private citizens....
