Reducing streamflow forecast uncertainty: Application and qualitative assessment of the upper klamath river Basin, Oregon
L.E. Hay, G.J. McCabe, M.P. Clark, J. C. Risley
2009, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (45) 580-596
The accuracy of streamflow forecasts depends on the uncertainty associated with future weather and the accuracy of the hydrologic model that is used to produce the forecasts. We present a method for streamflow forecasting where hydrologic model parameters are selected based on the climate state. Parameter sets for a hydrologic...
Plant toxicity, adaptive herbivory, and plant community dynamics
Z. Feng, R. Liu, D.L. DeAngelis, Lee C. Bryant, K. Kielland, Chapin F. Stuart, R.K. Swihart
2009, Ecosystems (12) 534-547
We model effects of interspecific plant competition, herbivory, and a plant's toxic defenses against herbivores on vegetation dynamics. The model predicts that, when a generalist herbivore feeds in the absence of plant toxins, adaptive foraging generally increases the probability of coexistence of plant species populations, because the herbivore switches more...
Scientific communications: Re-Os sulfide (bornite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite) systematics of the carbonate-hosted copper deposits at ruby creek, southern brooks range, Alaska
D. Selby, K.D. Kelley, M.W. Hitzman, J. Zieg
2009, Economic Geology (104) 437-444
New Re-Os data for chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrite from the carbonate-hosted Cu deposit at Ruby Creek (Bornite), Alaska, show extremely high Re abundances (hundreds of ppb, low ppm) and contain essentially no common Os. The Re-Os data provide the first absolute ages of ore formation for the carbonate-hosted Ruby Creek...
Interbasin flow in the Great Basin with special reference to the southern Funeral Mountains and the source of Furnace Creek springs, Death Valley, California, U.S.
W.R. Belcher, M. S. Bedinger, J.T. Back, D. S. Sweetkind
2009, Journal of Hydrology (369) 30-43
Interbasin flow in the Great Basin has been established by scientific studies during the past century. While not occurring uniformly between all basins, its occurrence is common and is a function of the hydraulic gradient between basins and hydraulic conductivity of the intervening rocks. The Furnace Creek springs in Death...
Coal-to-liquids: Potential impact on U.S. coal reserves
R. C. Milici
2009, Natural Resources Research (18) 85-94
The production of liquid fuels from coal will very likely become an important part of the hydrocarbon energy mix of the future, provided that technical and environmental obstacles are overcome economically. The coal industry should be able to handle a coal-to-liquids (CTL) industry of modest size, using 60-70 million short...
Constraints on deep moonquake focal mechanisms through analyses of tidal stress
R.C. Weber, B.G. Bills, C.L. Johnson
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
[1] A relationship between deep moonquake occurrence and tidal forcing is suggested by the monthly periodicities observed in the occurrence times of events recorded by the Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment. In addition, the typically large S wave to P wave arrival amplitude ratios observed on deep moonquake seismograms are indicative...
Vertical distribution of total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in riparian soils of Walnut Creek, southern Iowa
K. E. Schilling, J.A. Palmer, E. Arthur Bettis III, P. Jacobson, R.C. Schultz, T.M. Isenhart
2009, Catena (77) 266-273
Subsurface lithology plays an important role in many riparian zone processes, but few studies have examined how sediment nutrient concentrations vary with depth. In this study, we evaluated concentrations of nutrients (N, C and P) with depth in a riparian zone of the glaciated Midwest. A total of 146 sediment...
Geophysical investigation of seamounts near the Ogasawara fracture zone, western Pacific
T.-G. Lee, Kenneth Lee, J.R. Hein, J.-W. Moon
2009, Earth, Planets and Space (61) 319-331
This paper provides an analysis of multi-channel seismic data obtained during 2000-2001 on seamounts near the Ogasawara Fracture Zone (OFZ) northwest of the Marshall Islands in the western Pacific. The OFZ is unique in that it is a wide rift zone that includes many seamounts. Seven units are delineated on...
Suspended sediment and carbonate transport in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska: Fluxes and potential future responses to climate change
Mark M. Dornblaser, Robert G. Striegl
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Loads and yields of suspended sediment and carbonate were measured and modeled at three locations on the Yukon, Tanana, and Porcupine Rivers in Alaska during water years 2001–2005 (1 October 2000 to 30 September 2005). Annual export of suspended sediment and carbonate upstream from the Yukon Delta averaged 68 Mt...
Relationships between hepatic trace element concentrations, reproductive status, and body condition of female greater scaup
Shannon S. Badzinski, Paul L. Flint, Kristen B. Gorman, Scott A. Petrie
2009, Environmental Pollution (157) 1886-1893
We collected female greater scaup (Aythya marila) on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska during two breeding seasons to determine if concentrations of 18 trace elements in livers and eggs were elevated and if hepatic concentrations correlated with body condition or affected reproductive status. Fifty-six percent, 5%, and 42% of females, respectively,...
Water quality characterization in some birimian aquifers of the Birim Basin, Ghana
B.-Y. Bruce, S.M. Yidana, Y. Anku, T. Akabzaa, D. Asiedu
2009, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering (13) 179-187
The objective of this study was to determine the main controls on the hydrochemistry of groundwater in the study area. Mass balance modeling was used simultaneously with multivariate R-mode hierarchical cluster analysis to determine the significant sources of variation in the hydrochemistry. Two water types have been revealed in this...
Ancient photosynthetic eukaryote biofilms in an Atacama Desert coastal cave
A. Azua-Bustos, C. Gonzalez-Silva, R.A. Mancilla, L. Salas, R.E. Palma, J.J. Wynne, C.P. McKay, R. Vicuna
2009, Microbial Ecology (58) 485-496
Caves offer a stable and protected environment from harsh and changing outside prevailing conditions. Hence, they represent an interesting habitat for studying life in extreme environments. Here, we report the presence of a member of the ancient eukaryote red algae Cyanidium group in a coastal cave of the hyperarid Atacama...
Use of OSL dating to establish the stratigraphic framework of Quaternary eolian sediments, Anton scarp upper trench, Northeastern Colorado High Plains, USA
S. A. Mahan, D.C. Noe, J.P. McCalpin
2009, Quaternary International (199) 92-103
This paper contains the results of the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating used to establish stratigraphic ages and relationships of eolian sediments in a trench in northeastern Colorado, USA. This trench was located in the upper face of the Anton scarp, a major topographic lineament trending NW-SE for a distance...
Currents in monterey submarine canyon
J. P. Xu, M.A. Noble
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (114)
Flow fields of mean, subtidal, and tidal frequencies between 250 and 3300 m water depths in Monterey Submarine Canyon are examined using current measurements obtained in three yearlong field experiments. Spatial variations in flow fields are mainly controlled by the topography (shape and width) of the canyon. The mean currents...
Nitrate removal in stream ecosystems measured by 15N addition experiments: Total uptake
R. O. Hall Jr., J. L. Tank, D. J. Sobota, P. J. Mulholland, J. M. O’Brien, W. K. Dodds, J.R. Webster, H. M. Valett, G. C. Poole, B. J. Peterson, J.L. Meyer, W. H. McDowell, S. L. Johnson, S. K. Hamilton, N. B. Grimm, S.V. Gregory, Clifford N. Dahm, L. W. Cooper, L. R. Ashkenas, S. M. Thomas, R.W. Sheibley, J. D. Potter, B.R. Niederlehner, L. T. Johnson, A. M. Helton, C.M. Crenshaw, A. J. Burgin, M. J. Bernot, J. J. Beaulieu, C.P. Arangob
2009, Limnology and Oceanography (54) 653-665
We measured uptake length of 15NO-3 in 72 streams in eight regions across the United States and Puerto Rico to develop quantitative predictive models on controls of NO-3 uptake length. As part of the Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment II project, we chose nine streams in each region corresponding to natural...
Food habits of the hoary bat (LASIURUS CINEREUS) during spring migration through new mexico
E.W. Valdez, P.M. Cryan
2009, Southwestern Naturalist (54) 195-200
Hoary bats (Lasiums cinernis) exhibit continental patterns of migration that are unique to bats, but details about their behaviors during migration are lacking. We captured 177 hoary bats in spring and early summer 2002 as individuals migrated through the Sandia Mountains of north-central New Mexico. Our results support earlier observations...
Desmograptus. micronematodes, a silurian dendroid graptolite, and its ultrastructure
K.M. Saunders, D.E.B. Bates, Joanne Kluessendorf, David K. Loydell, Donald G. Mikulic
2009, Palaeontology (52) 541-559
Desmograptus micronematodes from Thornton quarry, Cook County, Illinois, USA, remarkably preserved in relief and encased in pyrite, is described. The internal details of the thecae, and of the stolon system, examined using the SEM, allow the reconstruction of the growth of a stipe. The stolons and stolonal nodes are formed...
Uptake rate constants and partition coefficients for vapor phase organic chemicals using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs)
W.L. Cranor, D.A. Alvarez, J.N. Huckins, J. D. Petty
2009, Atmospheric Environment (43) 3211-3219
To fully utilize semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) as passive samplers in air monitoring, data are required to accurately estimate airborne concentrations of environmental contaminants. Limited uptake rate constants (kua) and no SPMD air partitioning coefficient (Ksa) existed for vapor-phase contaminants. This research was conducted to expand the existing body of...
Identification of centrarchid hepcidins and evidence that 17β-estradiol disrupts constitutive expression of hepcidin-1 and inducible expression of hepcidin-2 in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
L.S. Robertson, L. R. Iwanowicz, J.M. Marranca
2009, Fish and Shellfish Immunology (26) 898-907
Hepcidin is a highly conserved antimicrobial peptide and iron-regulatory hormone. Here, we identify two hepcidin genes (hep-1 and hep-2) in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu). Hepcidin-1 contains a putative ATCUN metal-binding site in the amino-terminus that is missing in hepcidin-2, suggesting that hepcidin-1 may function as...
Ultra-deep oxidation and exotic copper formation at the late pliocene boyongan and bayugo porphyry copper-gold deposits, surigao, philippines: Geology, mineralogy, paleoaltimetry, and their implications for Geologic, physiographic, and tectonic controls
D.P. Braxton, D. R. Cooke, A.M. Ignacio, R. O. Rye, P.J. Waters
2009, Economic Geology (104) 333-349
The Boyongan and Bayugo porphyry copper-gold deposits are part of an emerging belt of intrusion-centered gold-rich deposits in the Surigao district of northeast Mindanao, Philippines. Exhumation and weathering of these Late Pliocene-age deposits has led to the development of the world's deepest known porphyry oxidation profile at Boyongan (600 m),...
The role of clay minerals in the preservation of organic matter in sediments of Qinghai Lake, NW China
Bingsong Yu, Hailiang Dong, Hongchen Jiang, Guo Lv, Dennis D. Eberl, Shanying Li, Jinwook Kim
2009, Clays and Clay Minerals (57) 213-226
The role of saline lake sediments in preserving organic matter has long been recognized. In order to further understand the preservation mechanisms, the role of clay minerals was studied. Three sediment cores, 25, 57, and 500 cm long, were collected from Qinghai Lake, NW China, and dissected into multiple subsamples....
Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors
G. Chander, B. L. Markham, D. L. Helder
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 893-903
This paper provides a summary of the current equations and rescaling factors for converting calibrated Digital Numbers (DNs) to absolute units of at-sensor spectral radiance, Top-Of-Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance, and at-sensor brightness temperature. It tabulates the necessary constants for the Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+),...
Symbiotic regulation of plant growth, development and reproduction
R. J. Rodriguez, D. Carl Freeman, E.D. McArthur, Y.-O. Kim, R. S. Redman
2009, Communitative and Integrative Biology (2) 141-143
The growth and development of rice (Oryzae sativa) seedlings was shown to be regulated epigenetically by a fungal endophyte. In contrast to un-inoculated (nonsymbiotic) plants, endophyte colonized (symbiotic) plants preferentially allocated resources into root growth until root hairs were well established. During that time symbiotic roots expanded at five times...
Sex, season, and time of day interact to affect body temperatures of the Giant Gartersnake
G.D. Wylie, Michael L. Casazza, B.J. Halstead, C.J. Gregory
2009, Journal of Thermal Biology (34) 183-189
1.We examined multiple hypotheses regarding differences in body temperatures of the Giant Gartersnake using temperature-sensitive radio telemetry and an information-theoretic analytical approach.2.Giant Gartersnakes selected body temperatures near 30 ??C, and males and females had similar body temperatures most of the year, except during the midsummer gestation period.3.Seasonal differences in the...
Climatic effects of 30 years of landscape change over the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region: 1. Surface energy budget changes
M. Georgescu, G. Miguez-Macho, L. T. Steyaert, C.P. Weaver
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (114)
This paper is part 1 of a two-part study that evaluates the climatic effects of recent landscape change for one of the nation's most rapidly expanding metropolitan complexes, the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region. The region's landscape evolution over an approximate 30-year period since the early 1970s is documented on the...
