Wetland use and feeding by lesser scaup during spring migration across the upper Midwest, USA
M.J. Anteau, A. D. Afton
2009, Wetlands (29) 704-712
Low food availability and forage quality and concomitant decreased lipid reserves of lesser scaup (Aythya affinis; hereafter scaup) during spring migration in the upper Midwest may partially explain reductions in the continental population of scaup. In springs 20042005, we examined wetland use and feeding activity of scaup on 356 randomly-selected...
Distribution of melt beneath Mount St Helens and Mount Adams inferred from magnetotelluric data
G.J. Hill, T.G. Caldwell, W. Heise, D.G. Chertkoff, H.M. Bibby, M.K. Burgess, J.P. Cull, Ray A.F. Cas
2009, Nature Geoscience (2) 785-789
Three prominent volcanoes that form part of the Cascade mountain range in Washington State (USA)Mounts StHelens, Adams and Rainierare located on the margins of a mid-crustal zone of high electrical conductivity1,5. Interconnected melt can increase the bulk conductivity of the region containing the melt6,7, which leads us to propose that...
Dielectric properties of lava flows west of Ascraeus Mons, Mars
Lynn M. Carter, Bruce A. Campbell, John W. Holt, Roger J. Phillips, Nathaniel E. Putzig, Stefania Mattei, Roberto Seu, Chris H. Okubo, Anthony F. Egan
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
The SHARAD instrument on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter detects subsurface interfaces beneath lava flow fields northwest of Ascraeus Mons. The interfaces occur in two locations; a northern flow that originates south of Alba Patera, and a southern flow that originates at the rift zone between Ascraeus and Pavonis Montes. The...
Movements of brown bullheads in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania
M. J. Millard, D. R. Smith, E. Obert, J. Grazio, M.L. Bartron, C. Wellington, S. Grise, S. Rafferty, R. Wellington, S. Julian
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 613-619
Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, was listed as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the International Joint Commission in part because of the high incidence of external tumor in brown bullheads. Verifying the source of the possible contaminant exposure is critical to addressing the AOC designation. We used telemetry tracking...
Spatiotemporal dynamics of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Greenland fishery inferred from mixed-stock analysis
M. Gauthier-Ouellet, M. Dionne, F. Caron, T.L. King, L. Bernatchez
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 2040-2051
Mixed-stock fisheries refer to the exploitation of admixed fish stocks coming from different origins. We identified the North American origin of 2835 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Greenland mixed-stock fishery during 11 years (1995-2006) at three localities using 13 microsatellites. The study included 52 baseline populations representing nine genetically...
Mobility of icy sand packs, with application to Martian permafrost
W.B. Durham, A.V. Pathare, L.A. Stern, H.J. Lenferink
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
[1] The physical state of water on Mars has fundamental ramifications for both climatology and astrobiology. The widespread presence of "softened" Martian landforms (such as impact craters) can be attributed to viscous creep of subsurface ground ice. We present laboratory experiments designed to determine the minimum amount of ice necessary...
Air-dropped sensor network for real-time high-fidelity volcano monitoring
W.-Z. Song, R. Huang, M. Xu, A. Ma, B. Shirazi, R. LaHusen
2009, Conference Paper, MobiSys'09 - Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services
This paper presents the design and deployment experience of an air-dropped wireless sensor network for volcano hazard monitoring. The deployment of five stations into the rugged crater of Mount St. Helens only took one hour with a helicopter. The stations communicate with each other through an amplified 802.15.4 radio and...
On the uniqueness of color patterns in raptor feathers
D. H. Ellis
2009, Journal of Raptor Research (43) 11-26
For this study, I compared sequentially molted feathers for a few captive raptors from year to year and symmetrically matched feathers (left/right pairs) for many raptors to see if color patterns of sequential feather pairs were identical or if symmetrical pairs were mirror-image identical. Feather pairs were found to be...
Microbial abundance in the deep subsurface of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater: Relationship to lithology and impact processes
Charles S. Cockell, Aaron L. Gronstal, Mary A. Voytek, Julie D. Kirshtein, Kai Finster, Ward E. Sanford, Mihaela Glamoclija, Gregroy S. Gohn, David S. Powars, J. Wright Horton Jr.
2009, GSA Special Papers (458) 941-950
Asteroid and comet impact events are known to cause profound disruption to surface ecosystems. The aseptic collection of samples throughout a 1.76-km-deep set of cores recovered from the deep subsurface of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure has allowed the study of the subsurface biosphere in a region disrupted by an...
Physical property data from the ICDP-USGS Eyreville cores A and B, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA, acquired using a multisensor core logger
H. A. Pierce, J.B. Murray
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 165-179
The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) drilled three core holes to a composite depth of 1766 m within the moat of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure. Core recovery rates from the drilling were high (??90%), but problems with core hole collapse limited the...
Numerical analysis of the performance of rock weirs: Effects of structure configuration on local hydraulics
C. L. Holmquist-Johnson
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers
River spanning rock structures are being constructed for water delivery as well as to enable fish passage at barriers and provide or improve the aquatic habitat for endangered fish species. Current design methods are based upon anecdotal information applicable to a narrow range of channel conditions. The complex flow patterns...
Dual-core mass-balance approach for evaluating mercury and210Pb atmospheric fallout and focusing to lakes
P. C. Van Metre, C. C. Fuller
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 26-32
Determining atmospheric deposition rates of mercury and other contaminants using lake sediment cores requires a quantitative understanding of sediment focusing. Here we present a novel approach that solves mass-balance equations for two cores algebraically to estimate contaminant contributions to sediment from direct atmospheric fallout and from watershed and in-lake focusing....
Potential habitat distribution for the freshwater diatom Didymosphenia geminata in the continental US
S. Kumar, S. A. Spaulding, T.J. Stohlgren, K.A. Hermann, T.S. Schmidt, L.L. Bahls
2009, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (7) 415-420
The diatom Didymosphenia geminata is a single-celled alga found in lakes, streams, and rivers. Nuisance blooms of D geminata affect the diversity, abundance, and productivity of other aquatic organisms. Because D geminata can be transported by humans on waders and other gear, accurate spatial prediction of habitat suitability is urgently...
Morphologic and transport properties of natural organic floc
Laurel G. Larsen, Judson W. Harvey, John P. Crimaldi
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
The morphology, entrainment, and settling of suspended aggregates (“floc”) significantly impact fluxes of organic carbon, nutrients, and contaminants in aquatic environments. However, transport properties of highly organic floc remain poorly understood. In this study detrital floc was collected in the Florida Everglades from two sites with different abundances of periphyton...
Short-Term responses of breeding birds of grassland and early successional habitat to timing of haying in Northwestern Arkansas
J.D. Luscier, W.L. Thompson
2009, Condor (111) 538-544
In 2003, we evaluated nest survival and density of the Dickcissel (Spiza americana), Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna), Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla), and Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) in four unhayed, two early-hayed (26-31 May) and three late-hayed (17-25 June) fields in northwestern Arkansas. Rope dragging and observations revealed 89 nests. Daily...
Joint spatiotemporal variability of global sea surface temperatures and global Palmer drought severity index values
S. Apipattanavis, G.J. McCabe, B. Rajagopalan, S. Gangopadhyay
2009, Journal of Climate (22) 6251-6267
Dominant modes of individual and joint variability in global sea surface temperatures (SST) and global Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) values for the twentieth century are identified through a multivariate frequency domain singular value decomposition. This analysis indicates that a secular trend and variability related to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation...
Trace elements in Zn Pb Ag deposits and related stream sediments, Brooks Range Alaska, with implications for Tl as a pathfinder element
G.E. Graham, K.D. Kelley, J. F. Slack, A.E. Koenig
2009, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (9) 19-37
The Zn-Pb-Ag metallogenic province of the western and central Brooks Range, Alaska, contains two distinct but mineralogically similar deposit types: shale-hosted massive sulphide (SHMS) and smaller vein-breccia occurrences. Recent investigations of the Red Dog and Anarraaq SHMS deposits demonstrated that these deposits are characterized by high trace-element concentrations of As,...
Further declines in organochlorines in eggs of red-breasted mergansers from Lake Michigan, 1977-1978 versus 1990 versus 2002
G. H. Heinz, K. L. Stromborg
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (159) 163-168
From 1977–1978 to 1990, concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and most organochlorine pesticides declined in eggs of red-breasted mergansers (Mergus serrator) nesting on islands in northwestern Lake Michigan. Further declines took place between 1990 and 2002. Between 1977–1978 and 1990 total PCBs decreased 60% (from 21 to 8.5 μg/g,...
Phosphorus and nitrogen legacy in a restoration wetland, upper Klamath lake, Oregon
J.H. Duff, K.D. Carpenter, D.T. Snyder, Karl K. Lee, R.J. Avanzino, F.J. Triska
2009, Wetlands (29) 735-746
The effects of sediment, ground-water, and surface-water processes on the timing, quantity, and mechanisms of N and P fluxes were investigated in the Wood River Wetland 57 years after agricultural practices ceased and seasonal and permanent wetland hydrologies were restored. Nutrient concentrations in standing water largely reflected ground water in...
Modeling species occurrence dynamics with multiple states and imperfect detection
D.I. MacKenzie, J.D. Nichols, M.E. Seamans, R. J. Gutierrez
2009, Ecology (90) 823-835
Recent extensions of occupancy modeling have focused not only on the distribution of species over space, but also on additional state variables (e.g., reproducing or not, with or without disease organisms, relative abundance categories) that provide extra information about occupied sites. These biologist-driven extensions are characterized by ambiguity in both...
Characteristics of Southern California coastal aquifer systems
B. D. Edwards, R. T. Hanson, E.G. Reichard, T.A. Johnson
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 319-344
Most groundwater produced within coastal Southern California occurs within three main types of siliciclastic basins: (1) deep (>600 m), elongate basins of the Transverse Ranges Physiographic Province, where basin axes and related fluvial systems strike parallel to tectonic structure, (2) deep (>6000 m), broad basins of the Los Angeles and...
Reservoir uncertainty, Precambrian topography, and carbon sequestration in the Mt. Simon Sandstone, Illinois Basin
H.E. Leetaru, J.H. McBride
2009, Environmental Geosciences (16) 235-243
Sequestration sites are evaluated by studying the local geological structure and confirming the presence of both a reservoir facies and an impermeable seal not breached by significant faulting. The Cambrian Mt. Simon Sandstone is a blanket sandstone that underlies large parts of Midwest United States and is this region's most...
PAHs underfoot: Contaminated dust from coal-tar sealcoated pavement is widespread in the United States
P. C. Van Metre, B.J. Mahler, J.T. Wilson
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 20-25
We reported in 2005 that runoff from parking lots treated with coal-tar-based sealcoat was a major source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to streams in Austin, Texas. Here we present new data from nine U. S. cities that show nationwide patterns in concentrations of PAHs associated with sealcoat Dust was...
Russian eruption warning systems for aviation
Christina A. Neal, Olga Girina, Sergey Senyukov, Alexander Rybin, Jeffery M. Osiensky, Pavel Izbekov, Gail Ferguson
2009, Natural Hazards (51) 245-262
More than 65 potentially active volcanoes on the Kamchatka Peninsula and the Kurile Islands pose a substantial threat to aircraft on the Northern Pacific (NOPAC), Russian Trans-East (RTE), and Pacific Organized Track System (PACOTS) air routes. The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) monitors and reports on volcanic hazards to...
Features of lava lake filling and draining and their implications for eruption dynamics
W.K. Stovall, Bruce F. Houghton, A.J.L. Harris, D. A. Swanson
2009, Bulletin of Volcanology (71) 767-780
Lava lakes experience filling, circulation, and often drainage depending upon the style of activity and location of the vent. Features formed by these processes have proved difficult to document due to dangerous conditions during the eruption, inaccessibility, and destruction of features during lake drainage. Kilauea Iki lava lake, Kilauea, Hawai'i,...
