Can footwall unloading explain late Cenozoic uplift of the Sierra Nevada crest?
G. A. Thompson, T. Parsons
2009, International Geology Review (51) 986-993
Globally, normal-fault displacement bends and warps rift flanks upwards, as adjoining basins drop downwards. Perhaps the most evident manifestations are the flanks of the East African Rift, which cuts across the otherwise minimally deformed continent. Flank uplift was explained by Vening Meinesz (1950, Institut Royal Colonial Belge, Bulletin des Seances,...
Forest rodents provide directed dispersal of Jeffrey pine seeds
J.S. Briggs, S.B.V. Wall, S.H. Jenkins
2009, Ecology (90) 675-687
Some species of animals provide directed dispersal of plant seeds by transporting them nonrandomly to microsites where their chances of producing healthy seedlings are enhanced. We investigated whether this mutualistic interaction occurs between granivorous rodents and Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi) in the eastern Sierra Nevada by comparing the effectiveness...
Report 11 - Revised articles of organization and procedure of the North American commission on stratigraphic nomenclature
D.E. Owen, N.P. Lasca, Lucy E. Edwards
2009, Stratigraphy (6) 183-184
No abstract available....
Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in eggs may reduce reproductive success of ospreys in Oregon and Washington, USA
Charles J. Henny, J. L. Kaiser, R. A. Grove, Branden L. Johnson, R. J. Letcher
2009, Ecotoxicology (18) 802-813
Spatial and temporal assessments and reports of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants in birds remain sparse. In the present study, PBDEs were detected in all 120 osprey (Pandion haliaetus) eggs collected. The eggs were collected from nests along the Columbia, Willamette and Yakima rivers of Oregon (OR) and Washington...
Potential earthquake faults offshore Southern California, from the eastern Santa Barbara Channel south to Dana Point
M. A. Fisher, C.C. Sorlien, R. W. Sliter
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 271-290
Urban areas in Southern California are at risk from major earthquakes, not only quakes generated by long-recognized onshore faults but also ones that occur along poorly understood offshore faults. We summarize recent research findings concerning these lesser known faults. Research by the U.S. Geological Survey during the past five years...
Spatial habitat use patterns of sea otters in coastal washington
K.L. Laidre, R.J. Jameson, E. Gurarie, S.J. Jeffries, H. Allen
2009, Journal of Mammalogy (90) 906-917
Sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) movements, home range, and activity budgets were described from data collected during very-high-frequency radiotelemetry studies of 75 individuals on the outer coast of Washington State between 1992 and 1999. Sea otters were located at least once per week from 22 accessible sites along the coast....
Continental-scale patterns in soil geochemistry and mineralogy: results from two transects across the United States and Canada
L. G. Woodruff, W.F. Cannon, D. D. Eberl, D. B. Smith, J.E. Kilburn, J.D. Horton, R. G. Garrett, R.A. Klassen
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1369-1381
In 2004, the US Geological Survey (USGS) and the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) initiated a pilot study that involved collection of more than 1500 soil samples from 221 sites along two continental transects across Canada and the United States. The pilot study was designed to test and refine protocols...
Effects of coal storage in air on physical and chemical properties of coal and on gas adsorption
Maria Mastalerz, W. Solano-Acosta, A. Schimmelmann, A. Drobniak
2009, International Journal of Coal Geology (79) 167-174
This paper investigates changes in the high-volatile bituminous Lower Block Coal Member from Indiana owing to moisture availability and oxidation in air at ambient pressure and temperature over storage time. Specifically, it investigates changes in chemistry, in surface area, and pore structure, as well as changes in methane and carbon...
Weathering of the New Albany Shale, Kentucky: II. Redistribution of minor and trace elements
M.L.W. Tuttle, G. N. Breit, M. B. Goldhaber
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1565-1578
During weathering, elements enriched in black shale are dispersed in the environment by aqueous and mechanical transport. Here a unique evaluation of the differential release, transport, and fate of Fe and 15 trace elements during progressive weathering of the Devonian New Albany Shale in Kentucky is presented. Results of chemical...
Late Quaternary sedimentary features of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho
J. P. Smoot
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 49-104
Bear Lake sediments were predominantly aragonite for most of the Holocene, reflecting a hydrologically closed lake fed by groundwater and small streams. During the late Pleistocene, the Bear River flowed into Bear Lake and the lake waters spilled back into the Bear River drainage. At that time, sediment deposition was...
Structural and geochemical characteristics of faulted sediments and inferences on the role of water in deformatiion, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico
Jonathan S. Caine, S.A. Minor
2009, Geological Society of America Bulletin (121) 1325-1340
The San Ysidro fault is a spectacularly exposed normal fault located in the northwestern Albuquerque Basin of the Rio Grande Rift. This intrabasin fault is representative of many faults that formed in poorly lithified sediments throughout the rift. The fault is exposed over nearly 10 km and accommodates nearly 700...
Twentieth-century decline of large-diameter trees in Yosemite National Park, California, USA
J.A. Lutz, J. W. van Wagtendonk, J.F. Franklin
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (257) 2296-2307
Studies of forest change in western North America often focus on increased densities of small-diameter trees rather than on changes in the large tree component. Large trees generally have lower rates of mortality than small trees and are more resilient to climate change, but these assumptions have rarely been examined...
Endogenic carbonate sedimentation in Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles
W.E. Dean
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 169-196
Sediments deposited over the past 220,000 years in Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, are predominantly calcareous silty clay, with calcite as the dominant carbonate mineral. The abundance of siliciclastic sediment indicates that the Bear River usually was connected to Bear Lake. However, three marl intervals containing more than 50% CaCO3...
Transportation ecology and wildlife passages: the state of the practice and science of making roads better for wildlife
P.C. Cramer, J.A. Bissonette
2009, TR News 12-19
[No abstract available]...
Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains
L. Nanus, M.W. Williams, K. Campbell, K.A. Tonnessen, T. Blett, D. W. Clow
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 961-973
The sensitivity of high-elevation lakes to acidic deposition was evaluated in five national parks of the Rocky Mountains based on statistical relations between lake acid-neutralizing capacity concentrations and basin characteristics. Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) of 151 lakes sampled during synoptic surveys and basin-characteristic information derived from geographic information system (GIS) data...
Meeting reproductive demands in a dynamic upwelling system: Foraging strategies of a pursuit-diving seabird, the marbled murrelet
M.Z. Peery, S. H. Newman, C. D. Storlazzi, S. R. Beissinger
2009, Condor (111) 120-134
Seabirds maintain plasticity in their foraging behavior to cope with energy demands and foraging constraints that vary over the reproductive cycle, but behavioral studies comparing breeding and nonbreeding individuals are rare. Here we characterize how Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) adjust their foraging effort in response to changes in reproductive demands...
Notes on the origin of inertinite macerals in coals: Observations on the importance of fungi in the origin of macrinite
J.C. Hower, J.M.K. O’Keefe, M.A. Watt, T.J. Pratt, C.F. Eble, J.D. Stucker, A.R. Richardson, I.J. Kostova
2009, International Journal of Coal Geology (80) 135-143
Macrinite is a, generally, rare inertinite maceral, often incorporating remnants and fragments of other macerals, including vitrinite, liptinite, and other inertinite. The associated inertinites include multiple forms of funginite. Funginite is also commonly found in association with vitrinite of slightly elevated reflectance and with degraded varieties of vitrinite. Together with...
Comparison with CLPX II airborne data using DMRT model
X. Xu, D. Liang, K.M. Andreadis, L. Tsang, E.G. Josberger
2009, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
In this paper, we considered a physical-based model which use numerical solution of Maxwell Equations in three-dimensional simulations and apply into Dense Media Radiative Theory (DMRT). The model is validated in two specific dataset from the second Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX II) at Alaska and Colorado. The data were...
Estimating selenium removal by sedimentation from the Great Salt Lake, Utah
W. Oliver, C. Fuller, D. L. Naftz, W.P. Johnson, X. Diaz
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 936-949
The mass of Se deposited annually to sediment in the Great Salt Lake (GSL) was estimated to determine the significance of sedimentation as a permanent Se removal mechanism. Lake sediment cores were used to qualitatively delineate sedimentation regions (very high to very low), estimate mass accumulation rates (MARs) and determine...
Offshore double-planed shallow seismic zone in the NE Japan forearc region revealed by sP depth phases recorded by regional networks
S.S.N. Gamage, N. Umino, A. Hasegawa, S. H. Kirby
2009, Geophysical Journal International (178) 195-214
We detected the sP depth phase at small epicentral distances of about 150 km or more in the seismograms of shallow earthquakes in the NE Japan forearc region. The focal depths of 1078 M > 3 earthquakes that occurred from 2000 to 2006 were precisely determined using the time delay...
Weathering of the New Albany Shale, Kentucky, USA: I. Weathering zones defined by mineralogy and major-element composition
M.L.W. Tuttle, G. N. Breit
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1549-1564
Comprehensive understanding of chemical and mineralogical changes induced by weathering is valuable information when considering the supply of nutrients and toxic elements from rocks. Here minerals that release and fix major elements during progressive weathering of a bed of Devonian New Albany Shale in eastern Kentucky are documented. Samples were...
Ecological Silence of the Grasslands, Forests, Wetlands, Mountains, and Seas: Diversity
E.A. Beever
2009, Conservation Biology (23) 1320-1322
[No abstract available]...
Rapid incision of the Colorado River in Glen Canyon - insights from channel profiles, local incision rates, and modeling of lithologic controls
K. L. Cook, K.X. Whipple, A.M. Heimsath, Thomas C. Hanks
2009, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (34) 994-1010
The Colorado River system in southern Utah and northern Arizona is continuing to adjust to the baselevel fall responsible for the carving of the Grand Canyon. Estimates of bedrock incision rates in this area vary widely, hinting at the transient state of the Colorado and its tributaries. In conjunction with...
Nitrogen dynamics across silvicultural canopy gaps in young forests of western Oregon
A.L. Thiel, S.S. Perakis
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (258) 273-287
Silvicultural canopy gaps are emerging as an alternative management tool to accelerate development of complex forest structure in young, even-aged forests of the Pacific Northwest. The effect of gap creation on available nitrogen (N) is of concern to managers because N is often a limiting nutrient in Pacific Northwest forests....
A regional soil and sediment geochemical study in northern California
M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison, J.M. Holloway, R. B. Wanty, D.R. Helsel, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1482-1499
Regional-scale variations in soil geochemistry were investigated in a 20,000-km2 study area in northern California that includes the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, the southern Sacramento Valley and the northern Coast Ranges. Over 1300 archival soil samples collected from the late 1970s to 1980 in El Dorado, Placer, Sutter,...
