Audiomagnetotelluric investigation of Snake Valley, eastern Nevada and western Utah
Darcy McPhee, Keith Pari, Frank Baird
2009, Geology and Geologic Resources and Issues of Western Utah 287-298
Audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) data along four profiles in western Snake Valley and the corresponding two-dimensional (2-D) inverse models reveal subsurface structures that may be significant to ground-water investigations in the area. The AMT method is a valuable tool for estimating the electrical resistivity of the earth over depth ranges from...
Petrogenesis of basaltic volcanic rocks from the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, by melting of metasomatically enriched depleted lithosphere, crystallization differentiation, and magma mixing
J.M. Chang, T.C. Feeley, M.R. Deraps
2009, Journal of Petrology (50) 2249-2286
The Pribilof Islands, Alaska, are located in the Bering Sea in a continental intraplate setting. In this study we examine the petrology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks from St. Paul (0??54-0??003 Ma) and St. George (2??8-1??4 Ma) Islands, the two largest Pribilof Islands. Rocks from St. George can be divided...
Chapter 3 - Phenomenology of tsunamis: Statistical properties from generation to runup
Eric L. Geist
2009, Advances in Geophysics (51) 107-169
Observations related to tsunami generation, propagation, and runup are reviewed and described in a phenomenological framework. In the three coastal regimes considered (near-field broadside, near-field oblique, and far field), the observed maximum wave amplitude is associated with different parts of the tsunami wavefield. The maximum amplitude in the near-field broadside...
Late Pleistocene to Holocene sedimentation and hydrocarbon seeps on the continental shelf of a steep, tectonically active margin, southern California, USA
Amy E. Draut, Patrick E. Hart, T.D. Lorenson, Holly F. Ryan, Florence L. Wong, Ray W. Sliter, James E. Conrad
2009, Marine Geophysical Research (30) 193-206
Small, steep, uplifting coastal watersheds are prolific sediment producers that contribute significantly to the global marine sediment budget. This study illustrates how sedimentation evolves in one such system where the continental shelf is largely sediment-starved, with most terrestrial sediment bypassing the shelf in favor of deposition in deeper basins. The...
Change in abundance of Pacific brant wintering in Alaska: Evidence of a climate warming effect?
David H. Ward, Christian P. Dau, T. Lee Tibbitts, James S. Sedinger, Betty A. Anderson, James E. Hines
2009, Arctic (62) 301-311
Winter distribution of Pacific Flyway brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) has shifted northward from low-temperate areas to sub-Arctic areas over the last 42 years. We assessed the winter abundance and distribution of brant in Alaska to evaluate whether climate warming may be contributing to positive trends in the most northern of...
Cataclysms and controversy: Aspects of the geomorphology of the Columbia River Gorge
Jim O’Connor, Scott Burns
Ian Madin, Rebecca Dorsey, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Volcanoes to vineyards: Geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest
Landslides and floods of lava and water tremendously affected the Columbia River during its long history of transecting the Cascade Volcanic Arc. This field trip touches on aspects of the resulting geology of the scenic Columbia River Gorge, including the river-blocking Bonneville landslide of ~550 years ago and the great...
Volcanism and associated hazards: The Andean perspective
R.I. Tilling
2009, Advances in Geosciences (22) 125-137
Andean volcanism occurs within the Andean Volcanic Arc (AVA), which is the product of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctica Plates beneath the South America Plate. The AVA is Earth's longest but discontinuous continental-margin volcanic arc, which consists of four distinct segments: Northern Volcanic Zone, Central Volcanic Zone, Southern...
Cutler Group alluvial, eolian, and marine deposystems: Permian facies relations and climatic variability in the Paradox Basin
Russell F. Dubiel, Jacqueline E. Huntoon, John D. Stanesco, Steven M. Condon
William S. Houston, Laura L. Wray, Peter G. Moreland, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, The Paradox Basin revisited new developments in petroleum systems and basin analysis
No abstract available....
A framework for implementing biodiversity offsets: selecting sites and determining scale
Joseph M. Kiesecker, Holly Copeland, Amy Pocewicz, Nate Nibbelink, Bruce McKenney, John Dahlke, Matthew J. Holloran, Dan Stroud
2009, BioScience (59) 77-84
Biodiversity offsets provide a mechanism for maintaining or enhancing environmental values in situations where development is sought despite detrimental environmental impacts. They seek to ensure that unavoidable negative environmental impacts of development are balanced by environmental gains, with the overall aim of achieving a net neutral or positive outcome. Once...
Character and spatial distribution of OH/H2O on the surface of the moon seen by M3 on chandrayaan-1
C.M. Pieters, J.N. Goswami, R. N. Clark, M. Annadurai, J. Boardman, B. Buratti, J. #NAME? Combe, M.D. Dyar, R. Green, J.W. Head, C. Hibbitts, M. Hicks, P. Isaacson, R. Klima, G. Kramer, S. Kumar, E. Livo, S. Lundeen, E. Malaret, T. McCord, J. Mustard, J. Nettles, N. Petro, C. Runyon, M. Staid, J. Sunshine, L.A. Taylor, S. Tompkins, P. Varanasi
2009, Science (326) 568-572
The search for water on the surface of the anhydrous Moon had remained an unfulfilled quest for 40 years. However, the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M 3) on Chandrayaan-1 has recently detected absorption features near 2.8 to 3.0 micrometers on the surface of the Moon. For silicate bodies, such features are...
Coarse-grained sediment delivery and distribution in the Holocene Santa Monica Basin, California: Implications for evaluating source-to-sink flux at millennial time scales
B.W. Romans, W. R. Normark, M.M. McGann, J.A. Covault, S.A. Graham
2009, Geological Society of America Bulletin (121) 1394-1408
Utilizing accumulations of coarse-grained terrigenous sediment from deep-marine basins to evaluate the relative contributions of and history of controls on sediment flux through a source-to-sink system has been difficult as a result of limited knowledge of event timing. In this study, six new radiocarbon (14C) dates are integrated with five...
Compression-cuticle relationship of seed ferns: Insights from liquid-solid states FTIR (Late Palaeozoic-Early Mesozoic, Canada-Spain-Argentina)
E.L. Zodrow, J. A. D’Angelo, Maria Mastalerz, D. Keefe
2009, International Journal of Coal Geology (79) 61-73
Cuticles have been macerated from suitably preserved compressed fossil foliage by Schulze's process for the past 150 years, whereas the physical-biochemical relationship between the "coalified layer" with preserved cuticle as a unit has hardly been investigated, although they provide complementary information. This relationship is conceptualized by an analogue model of...
Quality assurance and quality control in light stable isotope laboratories: A case study of Rio Grande, Texas, water samples
T.B. Coplen, H. Qi
2009, Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies (45) 126-134
New isotope laboratories can achieve the goal of reporting the same isotopic composition within analytical uncertainty for the same material analysed decades apart by (1) writing their own acceptance testing procedures and putting them into their mass spectrometric or laser-based isotope-ratio equipment procurement contract, (2) requiring...
Copper isotope fractionation in acid mine drainage
B.E. Kimball, R. Mathur, A.C. Dohnalkova, A.J. Wall, R.L. Runkel, S.L. Brantley
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 1247-1263
We measured the Cu isotopic composition of primary minerals and stream water affected by acid mine drainage in a mineralized watershed (Colorado, USA). The δ65Cu values (based on 65Cu/63Cu) of enargite (δ65Cu = −0.01 ± 0.10‰; 2σ) and chalcopyrite (δ65Cu = 0.16 ± 0.10‰) are within the range of reported values for terrestrial primary Cu sulfides (−1‰ < δ65Cu < 1‰). These mineral...
Discovery of jarosite within the Mawrth Vallis region of Mars: Implications for the geologic history of the region
W. H. Farrand, T.D. Glotch, J. W. Rice Jr., J.A. Hurowitz, G.A. Swayze
2009, Icarus (204) 478-488
Analysis of visible to near infrared reflectance data from the MRO CRISM hyperspectral imager has revealed the presence of an ovoid-shaped landform, approximately 3 by 5 km in size, within the layered terrains surrounding the Mawrth Vallis outflow channel. This feature has spectral absorption features consistent with the presence of...
Projected climate-induced faunal change in the Western Hemisphere
J.J. Lawler, S.L. Shafer, D. White, P. Kareiva, E.P. Maurer, A.R. Blaustein, P. J. Bartlein
2009, Ecology (90) 588-597
Climate change is predicted to be one of the greatest drivers of ecological change in the coming century. Increases in temperature over the last century have clearly been linked to shifts in species distributions. Given the magnitude of projected future climatic changes, we can expect even larger range shifts in...
Land 3D-seismic data: Preprocessing quality control utilizing survey design specifications, noise properties, normal moveout, first breaks, and offset
A. Raef
2009, Conference Paper, Journal of Earth Science
The recent proliferation of the 3D reflection seismic method into the near-surface area of geophysical applications, especially in response to the emergence of the need to comprehensively characterize and monitor near-surface carbon dioxide sequestration in shallow saline aquifers around the world, justifies the emphasis on cost-effective and robust quality control...
Processes active in mafic magma chambers: The example of Kilauea Iki Lava Lake, Hawaii
Rosalind Tuthill Helz
2009, LITHOS (111) 37-46
Kilauea Iki lava lake formed in 1959 as a closed chamber of 40 million m3 of picritic magma. Repeated drilling and sampling of the lake allows recognition of processes of magmatic differentiation, and places time restrictions on the periods when they operated. This paper focuses on evidence for the occurrence of lateral...
Enrichment and isolation of Bacillus beveridgei sp. nov., a facultative anaerobic haloalkaliphile from Mono Lake, California, that respires oxyanions of tellurium, selenium, and arsenic
S.M. Baesman, J.F. Stolz, T.R. Kulp, R.S. Oremland
2009, Extremophiles (13) 695-705
Mono Lake sediment slurries incubated with lactate and tellurite [Te(IV)] turned progressively black with time because of the precipitation of elemental tellurium [Te(0)]. An enrichment culture was established from these slurries that demonstrated Te(IV)-dependent growth. The enrichment was purified by picking isolated black colonies from lactate/Te(IV) agar plates, followed...
Mathematical modelling of anisotropy of illite-rich shale
E.M. Chesnokov, D.K. Tiwary, I.O. Bayuk, M.A. Sparkman, R.L. Brown
2009, Conference Paper, Geophysical Journal International
The estimation of illite-rich shale anisotropy to account for the alignment of clays and gas- or brine-filled cracks is presented via mathematical modelling. Such estimation requires analysis to interpret the dominance of one effect over another. This knowledge can help to evaluate the permeability in the unconventional reservoir, stress orientation,...
Trace-element record in zircons during exhumation from UHP conditions, North-East Greenland Caledonides
W.C. McClelland, J. A. Gilotti, F.K. Mazdab, J. L. Wooden
2009, European Journal of Mineralogy (21) 1135-1148
Coesite-bearing zircon formed at ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) conditions share general characteristics of eclogite-facies zircon with trace-element signatures characterized by depleted heavy rare earth elements (HREE), lack of an Eu anomaly, and low Th/ U ratios. Trace-element signatures of zircons from the Caledonian UHP terrane in North-East Greenland were used to examine...
Hurricane Katrina sediment slowed elevation loss in subsiding brackish marshes of the Mississippi River delta
K.L. McKee, J. A. Cherry
2009, Wetlands (29) 2-15
Although hurricanes can damage or destroy coastal wetlands, they may play a beneficial role in reinvigorating marshes by delivering sediments that raise soil elevations and stimulate organic matter production. Hurricane Katrina altered elevation dynamics of two subsiding brackish marshes in the Mississippi River deltaic plain by adding 3 to 8...
An Atlas of ShakeMaps and population exposure catalog for earthquake loss modeling
T.I. Allen, D.J. Wald, P.S. Earle, K. D. Marano, A.J. Hotovec, K. Lin, M.G. Hearne
2009, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (7) 701-718
We present an Atlas of ShakeMaps and a catalog of human population exposures to moderate-to-strong ground shaking (EXPO-CAT) for recent historical earthquakes (1973-2007). The common purpose of the Atlas and exposure catalog is to calibrate earthquake loss models to be used in the US Geological Survey's Prompt Assessment of Global...
In situ measurements of microbially-catalyzed nitrification and nitrate reduction rates in an ephemeral drainage channel receiving water from coalbed natural gas discharge, Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA
S.H. Harris, R. L. Smith
2009, Chemical Geology (267) 77-84
Nitrification and nitrate reduction were examined in an ephemeral drainage channel receiving discharge from coalbed natural gas (CBNG) production wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming. CBNG co-produced water typically contains dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), primarily as ammonium. In this study, a substantial...
Airborne gamma-ray and magnetic anomaly signatures of serpentinite in relation to soil geochemistry, northern California
A. E. McCafferty, B. S. Van Gosen
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1524-1537
Serpentinized ultramafic rocks and associated soils in northern California are characterized by high concentrations of Cr and Ni, low levels of radioelements (K, Th, and U) and high amounts of ferrimagnetic minerals (primarily magnetite). Geophysical attributes over ultramafic rocks, which include airborne gamma-ray and magnetic anomaly data, are quantified and...
