Investigating different mechanisms for biogenic selenite transformations: Geobacter sulfurreducens, Shewanella oneidensis and Veillonella atypica
C.I. Pearce, R.A.D. Pattrick, N. Law, J.M. Charnock, V.S. Coker, J.W. Fellowes, R.S. Oremland, J.R. Lloyd
2009, Environmental Technology (30) 1313-1326
The metal-reducing bacteria Geobacter sulfurreducens, Shewanella oneidensis and Veillonella atypica, use different mechanisms to transform toxic, bioavailable sodium selenite to less toxic, non-mobile elemental selenium and then to selenide in anaerobic environments, offering the potential for in situ and ex situ bioremediation of contaminated soils, sediments, industrial effluents, and agricultural...
Reply to the comment on "Geochemical gradients in soil O-horizon samples from southern Norway: Natural or anthropogenic?" by Eiliv Steinnes
C. Reimann, P. Englmaier, B. Flem, L. Gough, P. Lamothe, O. Nordgulen, D. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 2023-2025
[No abstract available]...
Interactive effects of fire, soil climate, and moss on CO2 fluxes in black spruce ecosystems of interior Alaska
J. A. O'Donnell, M.R. Turetsky, J.W. Harden, K.L. Manies, L.E. Pruett, G. Shetler, J. C. Neff
2009, Ecosystems (12) 57-72
Fire is an important control on the carbon (C) balance of the boreal forest region. Here, we present findings from two complementary studies that examine how fire modifies soil organic matter properties, and how these modifications influence rates of decomposition and C exchange in black spruce (Picea mariana) ecosystems of...
Biomass of deepwater demersal forage fishes in Lake Huron, 1994-2007: Implications for offshore predators
E.F. Roseman, S.C. Riley
2009, Conference Paper, Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management
We estimated the biomass of deepwater demersal forage fishes (those species common in the diets of lake trout and Chinook salmon) in Lake Huron during the period 1994-2007. The estimated total lake-wide biomass of deepwater demersal fishes in 2007 was reduced by 87 percent of that observed in 1994. Alewife...
Differential virulence mechanisms of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) include host entry and virus replication kinetics
M.M.D. Penaranda, M. K. Purcell, Gael Kurath
2009, Journal of General Virology (90) 2172-2182
Host specificity is a phenomenon exhibited by all viruses. For the fish rhabdovirus infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), differential specificity of virus strains from the U and M genogroups has been established both in the field and in experimental challenges. In rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), M IHNV strains are consistently...
Spatial and temporal variation in distribution of larval lake whitefish in eastern Lake Ontario: signs of recovery?
J.E. McKenna Jr., J. H. Johnson
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 94-100
The lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) is one of the native Lake Ontario fishes that declined severely over the past century. Recent evidence of larval lake whitefish production in a historic spawning area (Chaumont Bay) might signal a recovery of this species in New York waters. We surveyed coastal and open...
Numerical simulations and observations of surface wave fields under an extreme tropical cyclone
Y. Fan, I. Ginis, T. Hara, C. W. Wright, E.J. Walsh
2009, Journal of Physical Oceanography (39) 2097-2116
The performance of the wave model WAVEWATCH III under a very strong, category 5, tropical cyclone wind forcing is investigated with different drag coefficient parameterizations and ocean current inputs. The model results are compared with field observations of the surface wave spectra from an airborne scanning radar altimeter, National Data...
Influences of high-flow events on a stream channel altered by construction of a highway bridge: A case study
Lara B. Hedrick, Stuart A. Welsh, James T. Anderson
2009, Northeastern Naturalist (16) 375-394
Impacts of highway construction on streams in the central Appalachians are a growing concern as new roads are created to promote tourism and economic development in the area. Alterations to the streambed of a first-order stream, Sauerkraut Run, Hardy County, WV, during construction of a highway overpass included placement and...
Using the Sonoran Desert test site to monitor the long-term radiometric stability of the Landsat TM/ETM+ and Terra MODIS sensors
A. Angal, X. Xiong, T. Choi, G. Chander, A. Wu
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Pseudo-invariant ground targets have been extensively used to monitor the long-term radiometric calibration stability of remote sensing instruments. The NASA MODIS Characterization Support Team (MCST), in collaboration with members from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, has previously demonstrated the use of pseudo-invariant ground...
Exposure of insects and insectivorous birds to metals and other elements from abandoned mine tailings in three Summit County drainages, Colorado
Christine M. Custer, Chi Yang, James G. Crock, Valerie I. Shearn-Bochsler, Kathleen S. Smith, Philip L. Hageman
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (153) 161-177
Concentrations of 31 metals, metalloids, and other elements were measured in insects and insectivorous bird tissues from three drainages with different geochemistry and mining histories in Summit Co., Colorado, in 2003, 2004, and 2005. In insect samples, all 25 elements that were analyzed in all years increased in both Snake...
Comparison of clast frequency and size in the resurge deposits at the Chesapeake Bay impact structure (Eyreville A and Langley cores): Clues to the resurge process
Jens Ormo, Erik Sturkell, J. Wright Horton, Jr., David S. Powars, Lucy E. Edwards
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 617-632
Collapse and inward slumping of unconsolidated sedimentary strata expanded the Chesapeake Bay impact structure far beyond its central basement crater. During crater collapse, sediment-loaded water surged back to fill the crater. Here, we analyze clast frequency and granulometry of these resurge deposits in one core hole from the outermost part...
Sensitivity and resolution of tomographic pumping tests in an alluvial aquifer
Geoffrey C. Bohling
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Various investigators have proposed hydraulic tomography, the simultaneous analysis of responses to multiple well tests, as a means to obtain a high‐resolution characterization of aquifer flow properties. This study assesses the information content of drawdown records from a set of tomographic pumping tests in an alluvial aquifer, comparing the parameter...
Postimpact deposition in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Variations in eustasy, compaction, sediment supply, and passive-aggressive tectonism
A.A. Kulpecz, K.G. Miller, J.V. Browning, Lucy E. Edwards, David S. Powars, P.P. McLaughlin Jr., A.D. Harris, M.D. Feigenson
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 811-837
The Eyreville and Exmore, Virginia, core holes were drilled in the inner basin and annular trough, respectively, of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, and they allow us to evaluate sequence deposition in an impact crater. We provide new high-resolution geochronologic (<1 Ma) and sequence-stratigraphic interpretations of the Exmore core, identify...
A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment
Yingming Zhao, Michael L. Jones, Brian J. Shuter, Edward F. Roseman
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 114-125
We used a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic-ecological model to investigate how lake currents can affect walleye (Sander vitreus) recruitment in western Lake Erie. Four years were selected based on a fall recruitment index: two high recruitment years (i.e., 1996 and 1999) and two low recruitment years (i.e., 1995 and 1998). During...
Evidence for prolonged El Nino-like conditions in the Pacific during the Late Pleistocene: a 43 ka noble gas record from California groundwaters
J.T. Kulongoski, David R. Hilton, J. A. Izbicki, K. Belitz
2009, Quaternary Science Reviews (28) 2465-2473
Information on the ocean/atmosphere state over the period spanning the Last Glacial Maximum - from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene - provides crucial constraints on the relationship between orbital forcing and global climate change. The Pacific Ocean is particularly important in this respect because of its dominant role in...
The cali meteorite fell: A new H/L ordinary chondrite
J.M.T. Rodriguez, J. Llorca, A.E. Rubin, J. N. Grossman, D.W.G. Sears, M. Naranjo, S. Bretzius, M. Tapia, M.H.G. Sepulveda
2009, Meteoritics and Planetary Science (44) 211-220
The fall of the Cali meteorite took place on 6 July 2007 at 16 h 32 ?? 1 min local time (21 h 32 ?? 1 min UTC). A daylight fireball was witnessed by hundreds of people in the Cauca Valley in Colombia from which 10 meteorite samples with a...
Loss of genetic connectivity and diversity in urban microreserves in a southern California endemic Jerusalem cricket (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae: Stenopelmatus n. sp. "santa monica")
Amy G. Vandergast, E.A. Lewallen, J. Deas, A.J. Bohonak, D.B. Weissman, Robert N. Fisher
2009, Journal of Insect Conservation (13) 329-345
Microreserves may be useful in protecting native arthropod diversity in urbanized landscapes. However, species that do not disperse through the urban matrix may eventually be lost from these fragments. Population extinctions may be precipitated by an increase in genetic differentiation among fragments and loss of genetic diversity within fragments, and...
Elevated CO2 enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise
J. A. Cherry, K.L. McKee, J.B. Grace
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 67-77
1. Sea-level rise, one indirect consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2, poses a major challenge to long-term stability of coastal wetlands. An important question is whether direct effects of elevated CO 2 on the capacity of marsh plants to accrete organic material and to maintain surface elevations outweigh indirect negative effects...
Fire treatment effects on vegetation structure, fuels, and potential fire severity in western U.S. forests
S.L. Stephens, J.J. Moghaddas, C. Edminster, C.E. Fiedler, S. Haase, M. Harrington, Jon E. Keeley, E. E. Knapp, J.D. Mciver, K. Metlen, C.N. Skinner, A. Youngblood
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 305-320
Abstract. Forest structure and species composition in many western U.S. coniferous forests have been altered through fire exclusion, past and ongoing harvesting practices, and livestock grazing over the 20th century. The effects of these activities have been most pronounced in seasonally dry, low and mid-elevation coniferous forests that once experienced...
Response of the everglades ridge and slough landscape to climate variability and 20th-century water management
C.E. Bernhardt, Debra A. Willard
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1723-1738
The ridge and slough landscape of the Florida Everglades consists of a mosaic of linear sawgrass ridges separated by deeper-water sloughs with tree islands interspersed throughout the landscape. We used pollen assemblages from transects of sediment cores spanning sawgrass ridges, sloughs, and ridge-slough transition zones to determine the timing of...
Premonitory acoustic emissions and stick-slip in natural and smooth-faulted Westerly granite
B.D. Thompson, R.P. Young, David A. Lockner
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114) 1-14
A stick-slip event was induced in a cylindrical sample of Westerly granite containing a preexisting natural fault by loading at constant confining pressure of 150 MPa. Continuously recorded acoustic emission (AE) data and computer tomography (CT)-generated images of the fault plane were combined to provide a detailed examination of microscale...
Measurement of total Zn and Zn isotope ratios by quadrupole ICP-MS for evaluation of Zn uptake in gills of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
R.E. Wolf, A.S. Todd, S. Brinkman, P. J. Lamothe, K. S. Smith, J. F. Ranville
2009, Talanta (80) 676-684
This study evaluates the potential use of stable zinc isotopes in toxicity studies measuring zinc uptake by the gills of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The use of stable isotopes in such studies has several advantages over the use of radioisotopes, including cost, ease of handling,...
Is there evidence of adaptation to tidal flooding in saplings of baldcypress subjected to different salinity regimes?
K. W. Krauss, T.W. Doyle, R.J. Howard
2009, Environmental and Experimental Botany (67) 118-126
Plant populations may adapt to environmental conditions over time by developing genetically based morphological or physiological characteristics. For tidal freshwater forested wetlands, we hypothesized that the conditions under which trees developed led to ecotypic difference in response of progeny to hydroperiod. Specifically, we looked for evidence of ecotypic adaptation for...
Impediments to predicting site response: Seismic property estimation and modeling simplifications
E.M. Thompson, L.G. Baise, R. E. Kayen, B.B. Guzina
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 2927-2949
We compare estimates of the empirical transfer function (ETF) to the plane SH-wave theoretical transfer function (TTF) within a laterally constant medium for invasive and noninvasive estimates of the seismic shear-wave slownesses at 13 Kiban-Kyoshin network stations throughout Japan. The difference between the ETF and either of the TTFs is...
Physical modeling of river spanning rock structures: Evaluating interstitial flow, local hydraulics, downstream scour development, and structure stability
K.L. Collins, C.I. Thornton, B. Mefford, C. L. Holmquist-Johnson
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers
Rock weir and ramp structures uniquely serve a necessary role in river management: to meet water deliveries in an ecologically sound manner. Uses include functioning as low head diversion dams, permitting fish passage, creating habitat diversity, and stabilizing stream banks and profiles. Existing information on design and performance of in-stream...
