Metalliferous sediments from Eolo Seamount (Tyrrhenian Sea): Hydrothermal deposition and re-deposition in a zone of oxygen depletion
V.M. Dekov, George D. Kamenov, C. Savelli, Jens Stummeyer, M. Thiry, Wayne C. Shanks, A.L. Willingham, T.B. Boycheva, P. Rochette, E. Kuzmann, D. Fortin, A. Vertes
2009, Chemical Geology (264) 347-363
A sediment core taken from the south-east slope of the Eolo Seamount is composed of alternating red-brown and light-brown to bluish-grey layers with signs of re-deposition in the middle-upper section. The red-brown layers are Fe-rich metalliferous sediments formed as a result of low-temperature (??? 77????C) hydrothermal discharge, whereas the bluish-grey...
Regional variations in water quality and relationships to soil and bedrock weathering in the southern Sacramento Valley, California, USA
R. B. Wanty, M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison, L. Lee
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1512-1523
Regional patterns in ground- and surface-water chemistry of the southern Sacramento Valley in California were evaluated using publicly available geochemical data from the US Geological Survey's National Water Information System (NWIS). Within the boundaries of the study area, more than 2300 ground-water analyses and more than 20,000 surface-water analyses were...
Patterns of migration and residency in coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii from two tributaries of the lower Columbia River
G.B. Zydlewski, Joseph D. Zydlewski, J. Johnson
2009, Journal of Fish Biology (75) 203-222
Coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii life-history variants, migration and freshwater residency were monitored using stationary passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag arrays in two tributaries of the Columbia River from 2001 to 2005 (Abernathy Creek, river kilometre, rkm 76) and from 2002 to 2005 (Chinook River, rkm 6). In 2001-2003...
Characterizing the oxygen isotopic composition of phosphate sources to aquatic ecosystems
M.B. Young, K. McLaughlin, C. Kendall, W. Stringfellow, M. Rollog, K. Elsbury, E. Donald, A. Paytan
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 5190-5196
The oxygen isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic phosphate (δ18Op) in many aquatic ecosystems is not in isotopic equilibrium with ambient water and, therefore, may reflect the source δ18Op. Identification of phosphate sources to water bodies is critical for designing best management practices for phosphate load reduction to control eutrophication. In...
Forecasting distributions of large federal-lands fires utilizing satellite and gridded weather information
H.K. Preisler, R.E. Burgan, J.C. Eidenshink, Jacqueline M. Klaver, R. W. Klaver
2009, International Journal of Wildland Fire (18) 508-516
The current study presents a statistical model for assessing the skill of fire danger indices and for forecasting the distribution of the expected numbers of large fires over a given region and for the upcoming week. The procedure permits development of daily maps that forecast, for the forthcoming week and...
Mineralogy of soils from two continental-scale transects across the United States and Canada and its relation to soil geochemistry and climate
D. D. Eberl, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1394-1404
Quantitative mineralogy correlates with major-, minor- and trace-element chemistry for 387 samples of A-horizon and deeper soils collected from east-west and north-south transects across the USA and Canada, where the deeper soils were collected beneath the A-horizon samples. Concentrations of the major elements correlate with specific mineral phases. Minor- and...
Historical fire and multidecadal drought as context for piñon - Juniper woodland restoration in western Colorado
Douglas J. Shinneman, William L. Baker
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1231-1245
Fire is known to structure tree populations, but the role of broad-scale climate variability is less clear. For example, the influence of climatic “teleconnections” (the relationship between oceanic–atmospheric fluctuations and anomalous weather patterns across broad scales) on forest age structure is relatively unexplored. We sampled semiarid piñon–juniper (Pinus edulis–Juniperus osteosperma)...
Composition of the seed bank in drawdown areas of navigation pool 8 of the upper Mississippi river
K.P. Kenow, J.E. Lyon
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 194-207
In an effort to enhance aquatic plant production and habitat diversity on the Upper Mississippi River (UMR), resource managers considered water level reduction as a management tool to increase the area of emergent and submersed aquatic vegetation by natural seed germination. To quantify the availability of seed, we assessed the...
Detection and attribution of streamflow timing changes to climate change in the Western United States
H.G. Hidalgo, T. Das, M. D. Dettinger, D.R. Cayan, D.W. Pierce, T.P. Barnett, G. Bala, A. Mirin, A.W. Wood, Celine Bonfils, B.D. Santer, T. Nozawa
2009, Journal of Climate (22) 3838-3855
This article applies formal detection and attribution techniques to investigate the nature of observed shifts in the timing of streamflow in the western United States. Previous studies have shown that the snow hydrology of the western United States has changed in the second half of the twentieth century. Such changes...
Adaptation strategies for public land managers to climate change
Jill Baron
2009, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-789
No abstract available....
Environmental contaminants and bats: Investigating exposure and effects
Thomas J. O’Shea, J. J. Johnston
2009, Book chapter, Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats
No abstract available....
Application of iron and zinc isotopes to track the sources and mechanisms of metal loading in a mountain watershed
D.M. Borrok, R. B. Wanty, Ridley W. Ian, P. J. Lamothe, B. A. Kimball, P. L. Verplanck, R.L. Runkel
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1270-1277
Here the hydrogeochemical constraints of a tracer dilution study are combined with Fe and Zn isotopic measurements to pinpoint metal loading sources and attenuation mechanisms in an alpine watershed impacted by acid mine drainage. In the tested mountain catchment, δ56Fe and δ66Zn isotopic signatures of filtered stream water samples varied by ∼3.5‰ and...
Comment on "Evaluating interactions between groundwater and vadose zone using the HYDRUS-based flow package for MODFLOW" by Navin Kumar C. Twarakavi, Jirka Šimůnek and Sophia Seo
R.G. Niswonger, David E. Prudic
2009, Vadose Zone Journal (8) 818-819
Twarakavi et al (2008) compared four packages that can be used to estimate recharge for regional-scale groundwater flow simulations using MODFLOW (Harbaugh, 2005). This comment is focused on the comparisons made between two of these packages, namely, UZF1 (Niswonger et al., 2006) and a derivative of HYDRUS referred to herein...
A simplified water temperature model for the Colorado River below Glen Canyon Dam
S.A. Wright, C.R. Anderson, N. Voichick
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 675-686
Glen Canyon Dam, located on the Colorado River in northern Arizona, has affected the physical, biological and cultural resources of the river downstream in Grand Canyon. One of the impacts to the downstream physical environment that has important implications for the aquatic ecosystem is the transformation of the thermal regime...
Male Kirtland's Warblers' patch-level response to landscape structure during periods of varying population size and habitat amounts
D.M. Donner, C. A. Ribic, J.R. Probst
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (258) 1093-1101
Forest planners must evaluate how spatiotemporal changes in habitat amount and configuration across the landscape as a result of timber management will affect species' persistence. However, there are few long-term programs available for evaluation. We investigated the response of male Kirtland's Warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii) to 26 years of changing patch...
Airborne gamma-ray and magnetic anomaly signatures of serpentinite in relation to soil geochemistry, northern California
A. E. McCafferty, B. S. Van Gosen
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1524-1537
Serpentinized ultramafic rocks and associated soils in northern California are characterized by high concentrations of Cr and Ni, low levels of radioelements (K, Th, and U) and high amounts of ferrimagnetic minerals (primarily magnetite). Geophysical attributes over ultramafic rocks, which include airborne gamma-ray and magnetic anomaly data, are quantified and...
Geomorphology, stability and mobility of the Currituck slide
J. Locat, H. Lee, Uri S. ten Brink, D. Twichell, E. Geist, M. Sansoucy
2009, Marine Geology (264) 28-40
Over the last 100,000??years, the U.S. Atlantic continental margin has experienced various types of mass movements some of which are believed to have taken place at times of low sea level. At one of these times of low sea level a significant trigger caused a major submarine mass movement off...
Spatial and temporal patterns across an ecological boundary: Allochthonous effects of a young saltwater lake on a desert ecosystem
C.S. Brehme, W.I. Boarman, S.A. Hathaway, A. Herring, L. Lyren, M. Mendelsohn, K. Pease, M. Rahn, C. Rochester, D. Stokes, G. Turschak, Robert N. Fisher
2009, Journal of Arid Environments (73) 811-820
We documented changes in the abundance and composition of terrestrial flora and fauna with respect to distance from the sea edge and timing of large allochthonous inputs from the Salton Sea, California. We found significant effects that were most pronounced within 300 m of the shore, but extended 3 km...
Effects of variation in streamflow and channel structure on smallmouth bass habitat in an alluvial stream
Remshardt W. Jason, W.L. Fisher
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 661-674
We evaluated the effects of streamflow-related changes in channel shape and morphology on the quality, quantity, availability and spatial distribution of young-of-year and adult smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu habitat in an alluvial stream, the Baron Fork of the Illinois River, Oklahoma. We developed Habitat Suitability Criteria (HSC) for young-of-year and...
Mast and weather influences on population trends of a species of concern: The allegheny woodrat
M.B. Manjerovic, P.B. Wood, J.W. Edwards
2009, American Midland Naturalist (162) 52-61
Over the past 20-30 y. northern and western populations of the Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) have experienced large declines. whereas populations in the core of the range are assumed to be stable. We examined population trends at two study areas in northcentral West Virginia along the western ridge of the...
Effects of past logging and grazing on understory plant communities in a montane Colorado forest
P.J. Fornwalt, M. R. Kaufmann, L. S. Huckaby, T.J. Stohlgren
2009, Plant Ecology (203) 99-109
Throughout Pinus ponderosa-Pseudotsuga menziesii forests of the southern Colorado Front Range, USA, intense logging and domestic grazing began at the time of Euro-American settlement in the late 1800s and continued until the early 1900s. We investigated the long-term impacts of these settlement-era activities on understory plant communities by comparing understory...
Impacts of experimentally increased foraging effort on the family: offspring sex matters
Ann Harding, Alexander S. Kitaysky, Keith C. Hamer, Margaret E. Hall, Jorg Welcker, Sandra L. Talbot, Nina J. Karnovsky, Geir W. Gabrielsen, David Gremillet
2009, Animal Behaviour (78) 321-328
We examined how short-term impacts of experimentally increased foraging effort by one parent reverberate around the family in a monomorphic seabird (little auk, Alle alle), and whether these effects depend on offspring sex. In many species, more effort is required to rear sons successfully than daughters. However, undernourishment may have...
Inputs of fossil carbon from wastewater treatment plants to U.S. Rivers and oceans
D.R. Griffith, R.T. Barnes, P.A. Raymond
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 5647-5651
Every day more than 500 million cubic meters of treated wastewater are discharged into rivers, estuaries, and oceans, an amount slightly less than the average flow of the Danube River. Typically, wastewaters have high organic carbon (OC) concentrations and represent a large fraction of total river flow and a higher...
Avian response to wildfire in interior Columbia basin shrubsteppe
S.L. Earnst, H.L. Newsome, W.L. LaFramboise, N. LaFramboise
2009, Condor (111) 370-376
Wildfire and conversion of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) shrublands to cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) grasslands is a serious threat to the shrubsteppe ecosystem, but few studies have documented wildfire's effects on birds with multiple years of pre- and post-fire data. Using data from avian point counts recorded 4 years before and 7...
Effects of sediment transport and seepage direction on hydraulic properties at the sediment-water interface of hyporheic settings
D.O. Rosenberry, J. Pitlick
2009, Journal of Hydrology (373) 377-391
Relations between seepage flux and hydraulic properties are difficult to quantify in fluvial settings because of the difficulty in measuring these variables in situ. Tests conducted in a 1.5-m diameter by 1.5-m tall sediment-filled tank indicate that hydraulic gradient increased and hydraulic conductivity (K) decreased following the onset of downward...
