Spatial and temporal variation in climate change: A bird’s eye view
Joseph J. Fontaine, Karie L. Decker, Susan K. Skagen, Charles van Riper III
2009, Climatic Change (97) 305-311
Recent changes in global climate have dramatically altered worldwide temperatures and the corresponding timing of seasonal climate conditions. Recognizing the degree to which species respond to changing climates is therefore an area of increasing conservation concern as species that are unable to respond face increased risk of extinction. Here we...
A formal framework for scenario development in support of environmental decision-making
M. Mahmoud, Yajing Liu, H. Hartmann, S. Stewart, T. Wagener, D. Semmens, R. Stewart, H. Gupta, D. Dominguez, F. Dominguez, D. Hulse, R. Letcher, Brenda Rashleigh, C. Smith, R. Street, J. Ticehurst, M. Twery, Delden H. van, R. Waldick, D. White, L. Winter
2009, Environmental Modelling and Software (24) 798-808
Scenarios are possible future states of the world that represent alternative plausible conditions under different assumptions. Often, scenarios are developed in a context relevant to stakeholders involved in their applications since the evaluation of scenario outcomes and implications can enhance decision-making activities. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of scenario development...
Testing the Mojave-Sonora megashear hypothesis: Evidence from Paleoproterozoic igneous rocks and deformed Mesozoic strata in Sonora, Mexico
J.M. Amato, T.F. Lawton, D.J. Mauel, W.J. Leggett, C. M. Gonzalez-Leon, G. L. Farmer, J. L. Wooden
2009, Geology (37) 75-78
U-Pb ages and Nd isotope values of Proterozoic rocks in Sonora, Mexico, indicate the presence of Caborca-type basement, predicted to lie only south of the Mojave-Sonora mega-shear, 40 km north of the postulated megashear. Granitoids have U-Pb zircon ages of 1763-1737 Ma and 1076 Ma, with ??Nd(t) values from +1.4...
Not all water becomes wine: Sulfur inputs as an opportune tracer of hydrochemical losses from vineyards
Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley, Carol Kendall, Keith Loague
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
California's widespread and economically important vineyards offer substantial opportunities to understand the interface between hydrology and biogeochemistry in agricultural soils. The common use of native sulfur (S) as a fumigant or soil additive provides a novel way to isotopically differentiate among sulfate (SO42−) pools, allowing the estimation of water and...
Changes in West Nile virus seroprevalence and antibody titers among Wisconsin mesopredators 2003-2006
Douglas E. Docherty, Michael D. Samuel, Kristina F. Egstad, Kathryn M. Griffin, Cherrie A. Nolden, L. Karwal, S. Ip
2009, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (81) 177-179
After the 2001 occurrence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Wisconsin (WI), we collected sera, during 2003–2006, from south-central WI mesopredators. We tested these sera to determine WNV antibody prevalence and geometric mean antibody titer (GMAT). Four-fold higher antibody prevalence and 2-fold higher GMAT in 2003–2004 indicated greater exposure of...
Hydrodynamic modeling of tsunamis from the Currituck landslide
E.L. Geist, P.J. Lynett, J.D. Chaytor
2009, Marine Geology (264) 41-52
Tsunami generation from the Currituck landslide offshore North Carolina and propagation of waves toward the U.S. coastline are modeled based on recent geotechnical analysis of slide movement. A long and intermediate wave modeling package (COULWAVE) based on the non-linear Boussinesq equations are used to simulate the tsunami. This model includes...
Evaluation of procedures for prediction of unconventional gas in the presence of geologic trends
E. D. Attanasi, T.C. Coburn
2009, Natural Resources Research (18) 153-171
This study extends the application of local spatial nonparametric prediction models to the estimation of recoverable gas volumes in continuous-type gas plays to regimes where there is a single geologic trend. A transformation is presented, originally proposed by Tomczak, that offsets the distortions caused by the trend. This article reports...
Gender difference in walleye PCB concentrations persists following remedial dredging
Charles P. Madenjian, David J. Jude, Richard R. Rediske, James P. O'Keefe, George E. Noguchi
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 347-352
Eleven male walleyes (Sander vitreus) and 10 female walleyes from the Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron) population were caught during the spawning run at Dow Dam (Midland, Michigan) in the Tittabawassee River during April 1996, and individual whole-fish polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) determinations were made. Total PCB concentrations averaged 7.95 and 3.17??mg/kg...
Effects of sampling interval on spatial patterns and statistics of watershed nitrogen concentration
S.-S.D. Wu, E.L. Usery, M.P. Finn, D.D. Bosch
2009, GIScience and Remote Sensing (46) 172-186
This study investigates how spatial patterns and statistics of a 30 m resolution, model-simulated, watershed nitrogen concentration surface change with sampling intervals from 30 m to 600 m for every 30 m increase for the Little River Watershed (Georgia, USA). The results indicate that the mean, standard deviation, and variogram...
The potential of mid- and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for determining major- and trace-element concentrations in soils from a geochemical survey of North America
J. B. Reeves III, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1472-1481
In 2004, soils were collected at 220 sites along two transects across the USA and Canada as a pilot study for a planned soil geochemical survey of North America (North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project). The objective of the current study was to examine the potential of diffuse reflectance (DR)...
Arsenite and ferrous iron oxidation linked to chemolithotrophic denitrification for the immobilization of arsenic in anoxic environments
W. Sun, R. Sierra-Alvarez, L. Milner, R. Oremland, J.A. Field
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 6585-6591
The objective of this study was to explore a bioremediation strategy based on injecting NO3− to support the anoxic oxidation of ferrous iron (Fe(II)) and arsenite (As(III)) in the subsurface as a means to immobilize As in the form of arsenate (As(V)) adsorbed onto biogenic ferric (Fe(III)) (hydr)oxides....
Uniform California earthquake rupture forecast, version 2 (UCERF 2)
E. H. Field, T. E. Dawson, K.R. Felzer, A.D. Frankel, V. Gupta, T.H. Jordan, T. Parsons, M.D. Petersen, R.S. Stein, R. J. Weldon, C.J. Wills
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 2053-2107
The 2007 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP, 2007) presents the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2 (UCERF 2). This model comprises a time-independent (Poisson-process) earthquake rate model, developed jointly with the National Seismic Hazard Mapping Program and a time-dependent earthquake-probability model, based on recent earthquake rates and...
Spatial and seasonal variations in mercury methylation and microbial community structure in a historic mercury mining area, Yolo County, California
J.M. Holloway, M. B. Goldhaber, K.M. Scow, R.E. Drenovsky
2009, Chemical Geology (267) 85-95
The relationships between soil parent lithology, nutrient concentrations, microbial biomass and community structure were evaluated in soils from a small watershed impacted by historic Hg mining. Upland and wetland soils, stream sediments and tailings were collected and analyzed for nutrients (DOC, SO4=, NO3-), Hg, MeHg, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA)....
The influence of microtopography on soil nutrients in created mitigation wetlands
K.F. Moser, C. Ahn, G.B. Noe
2009, Restoration Ecology (17) 641-651
This study explores the relationship between microtopography and soil nutrients (and trace elements), comparing results for created and reference wetlands in Virginia, and examining the effects of disking during wetland creation. Replicate multiscale tangentially conjoined circular transects were used to quantify microtopography both in terms of elevation and by two...
Response of Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) riverine roosting habitat to changes in stage and sandbar morphology
P.J. Kinzel, J. M. Nelson, A.K. Heckman
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 135-152
Over the past century, flow regulation and vegetation encroachment have reduced active channel widths along the central Platte River, Nebraska. During the last two decades, an annual program of in-channel vegetation management has been implemented to stabilize or expand active channel widths. Vegetation management practices are intended to enhance riverine...
Change in abundance of Pacific brant wintering in Alaska: Evidence of a climate warming effect?
David H. Ward, Christian P. Dau, T. Lee Tibbitts, James S. Sedinger, Betty A. Anderson, James E. Hines
2009, Arctic (62) 301-311
Winter distribution of Pacific Flyway brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) has shifted northward from low-temperate areas to sub-Arctic areas over the last 42 years. We assessed the winter abundance and distribution of brant in Alaska to evaluate whether climate warming may be contributing to positive trends in the most northern of...
Conversion of sagebrush shrublands to exotic annual grasslands negatively impacts small mammal communities
S.M. Ostoja, E.W. Schupp
2009, Diversity and Distributions (15) 863-870
Aim The exotic annual cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is fast replacing sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) communities throughout the Great Basin Desert and nearby regions in the Western United States, impacting native plant communities and altering fire regimes, which contributes to the long-term persistence of this weedy species. The effect of this conversion...
Seismicity rate changes along the central California coast due to stress changes from the 2003 M 6.5 San Simeon and 2004 M 6.0 Parkfield earthquakes
A. Aron, J.L. Hardebeck
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 2280-2292
We investigated the relationship between seismicity rate changes and modeled Coulomb static stress changes from the 2003 M 6.5 San Simeon and the 2004 M 6.0 Parkfield earthquakes in central California. Coulomb stress modeling indicates that the San Simeon mainshock loaded parts of the Rinconada, Hosgri, and San Andreas strike-slip...
Episodes of floods in Mangala Valles, Mars, from the analysis of HRSC, MOC and THEMIS images
A.T. Basilevsky, G. Neukum, S.C. Werner, A. Dumke, S. Van Gasselt, T. Kneissl, W. Zuschneid, D. Rommel, L. Wendt, M. Chapman, J.W. Head, R. Greeley
2009, Planetary and Space Science (57) 917-943
The Mangala Valles is a 900-km long outflow channel system in the highlands adjacent to the south-eastern flank of the Tharsis bulge. This work was intended to answer the following two questions unresolved in previous studies: (1) Was there only one source of water (Mangala Fossa at the valley head...
Modern U-Pb chronometry of meteorites: advancing to higher time resolution reveals new problems
Y. Amelin, J. Connelly, R. E. Zartman, J.-H. Chen, C. Gopel, L.A. Neymark
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 5212-5223
In this paper, we evaluate the factors that influence the accuracy of lead (Pb)-isotopic ages of meteorites, and may possibly be responsible for inconsistencies between Pb-isotopic and extinct nuclide timescales of the early Solar System: instrumental mass fractionation and other possible analytical sources of error, presence of more than one...
Promoting species establishment in a phragmites-dominated great lakes coastal wetland
M.L. Carlson, K.P. Kowalski, D.A. Wilcox
2009, Natural Areas Journal (29) 263-280
This study examined efforts to promote species establishment and maintain diversity in a Phragmites-dominated wetland where primary control measures were underway. A treatment experiment was performed at Crane Creek, a drowned-river-mouth wetland in Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge along the shore of western Lake Erie. Following initial aerial spraying of Phragmites...
Longitudinal patterns in flathead catfish relative abundance and length at age within a large river: Effects of an urban gradient
C.P. Paukert, A.S. Makinster
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 861-873
We investigated the spatial variation of flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris) relative abundance and growth in the 274 km long Kansas River to determine if population dynamics of catfish are related to urbanization. Electrofishing was conducted at 462 random sites throughout the river in summer, 2005-2006 to collect fish. Relative abundance...
Environmental and human influences on trumpeter swan habitat occupancy in Alaska
J.H. Schmidt, M. S. Lindberg, D.S. Johnson, J.A. Schmultz
2009, Condor (111) 266-275
Approximately 70-80% of the entire population of the Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus huccinator) depends for reproduction on wetlands in Alaska. This makes the identification of important habitat features and the effects of human interactions important for the species' long-term management. We analyzed the swan's habitat preferences in five areas throughout the...
Plants and ventifacts delineate late Holocene wind vectors in the Coachella Valley, USA
Peter G. Griffiths, R. H. Webb, M. Fisher, Allan Muth
2009, Aeolian Research (1) 63-73
Strong westerly winds that emanate from San Gorgonio Pass, the lowest point between Palm Springs and Los Angeles, California, dominate aeolian transport in the Coachella Valley of the western Sonoran Desert. These winds deposit sand in coppice dunes that are critical habitat for several species,...
Methods for assessing movement path recursion with application to African buffalo in South Africa
S. Bar-David, I. Bar-David, P.C. Cross, S.J. Ryan, C.U. Knechtel, W.M. Getz
2009, Ecology (90) 2467-2479
Recent developments of automated methods for monitoring animal movement, e.g., global positioning systems (GPS) technology, yield high-resolution spatiotemporal data. To gain insights into the processes creating movement patterns, we present two new techniques for extracting information from these data on repeated visits to a particular site or patch ("recursions"). Identification...
