Ferguson rock slide buries California State Highway near Yosemite National Park
Edwin L. Harp, Mark E. Reid, Jonathan W. Godt, Jerome V. DeGraff, Alan J. Gallegos
2008, Landslides (5) 331-337
During spring 2006, talus from the toe area of a rock-block slide of about 800,000 m3 buried California State Highway 140, one of the main routes into heavily-visited Yosemite National Park, USA. Closure of the highway for 92 days caused business losses of about 4.8 million USD. The rock slide,...
Hydrologic connections and dynamics of water movement in the classical Karst (Kras) aquifer: Evidence from frequent chemical and stable isotope sampling
Daniel H. Doctor
2008, Acta Carsologica (37) 101-123
A review of past researchon the hydrogeology of the Classical Karst (Kras) region and new information obtained from a two-year study using environmental tracers are presented in this paper. The main problems addressed are 1) the sources of water to the Kras aquifer resurgence zone—including the famous Timavo springs—under changing...
Dual-Carbon sources fuel the OCS deep-reef Community, a stable isotope investigation
Kenneth J. Sulak, J. Berg, Michael T. Randall, George D. Dennis III, R. A. Brooks
2008, Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida (2) 945-949
The hypothesis that phytoplankton is the sole carbon source for the OCS deep-reef community (>60 m) was tested. Trophic structure for NE Gulf of Mexico deep reefs was analyzed via carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes. Carbon signatures for 114 entities (carbon sources, sediment, fishes, and invertebrates) supported surface phytoplankton as...
Assessing contribution of DOC from sediments to a drinking-water reservoir using optical profiling
Bryan D. Downing, Brian A. Bergamaschi, David G. Evans, Emmanuel Boss
2008, Lake and Reservoir Management (24) 381-391
Understanding the sources of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in drinking-water reservoirs is an important management issue because DOC may form disinfection by-products, interfere with disinfection, or increase treatment costs. DOC may be derived from a host of sources-algal production of DOC in the reservoir, marginal production of DOC from mucks...
Anatomy of a shoreface sand ridge revisted using foraminifera: False Cape Shoals, Virginia/North Carolina inner shelf
Marci M. Robinson, Randolph A. McBride
2008, Continental Shelf Research (17) 2428-2441
Certain details regarding the origin and evolution of shelf sand ridges remain elusive. Knowledge of their internal stratigraphy and microfossil distribution is necessary to define the origin and to determine the processes that modify sand ridges. Fourteen vibracores from False Cape Shoal A, a well-developed shoreface-attached sand ridge on the...
Conservation: saving Florida's manatees
Robert K. Bonde
2008, WetPixel Quarterly (4) 50-54
Robert K. Bonde of the U.S. Geological Survey writes about the protected population of manatees in Crystal River, Florida, including information about the threats they face as they migrate in and out of protected waters. Photographer Carol Grant shares images of "Angel," a newborn manatee she photographed early one winter...
Columbia Hills, Mars: aeolian features seen from the ground and orbit
Ronald Greeley, Patrick L. Whelley, Lynn Neakrase, Raymond E. Arvidson, Nathan T. Bridges, Nathalie A. Cabrol, Phillip R. Christensen, Kaichang Di, Daniel J. Foley, Matthew P. Golombek, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, Amy Knudson, Ruslan O. Kuzmin, Ron Li, Timothy Michaels, Steven W. Squyres, Robert Sullivan, Shane D. Thompson
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (113)
Abundant wind-related features occur along Spirit's traverse into the Columbia Hills over the basaltic plains of Gusev Crater. Most of the windblown sands are probably derived from weathering of rocks within the crater, and possibly from deposits associated with Ma'adim Vallis. Windblown particles act as agents of abrasion, forming ventifacts,...
Cartography for lunar exploration: 2008 status and mission plans
Randolph L. Kirk, Brent A. Archinal, Lisa R. Gaddis, Mark R. Rosiek
Jun Chen, Jie Jiang, Shailesh Nayak, editor(s)
2008, Conference Paper, Proceedings: XXIst ISPRS Congress, Technical Commission IV
The initial spacecraft exploration of the Moon in the 1960s-70s yielded extensive data, primarily in the form of film and television images, which were used to produce a large number of hardcopy maps by conventional techniques. A second era of exploration, beginning in the early 1990s, has produced digital data...
Initial fluvial response to the removal of Oregon's Marmot Dam
Jon J. Major, Kurt R. Spicer, Abagail Rhode, J. E. O’Connor, Heather M. Bragg, Dwight Q. Tanner, Chauncey W. Anderson, J. Rose Wallick, Gordon E. Grant
2008, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (89) 241-242
A temporary, 14‐meter‐high earthen cofferdam standing in place of Marmot Dam was breached on 19 October 2007, allowing the 80‐ kilometer‐long Sandy River to flow freely from Mount Hood, Oreg., to the Columbia River for the first time in nearly 100 years. Marmot Dam is one of the largest dams...
A 26 million year gap in the central Arctic record at the greenhouse-icehouse transition: Looking for clues
Francesca Sangiorgi, Hans-Juergen Brumsack, Debra A. Willard, Stefan Schouten, Catherine E. Stickley, Matthew O’Regan, Gert-Jan Reichart, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damste, Henk Brinkhuis
2008, Paleoceanography (23)
The Cenozoic record of the Lomonosov Ridge (central Arctic Ocean) recovered during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 302 revealed an unexpected 26 Ma hiatus, separating middle Eocene (∼44.4 Ma) from lower Miocene sediments (∼18.2 Ma). To elucidate the nature of this unconformity, we performed a multiproxy palynological (dinoflagellate cysts,...
Suspended-sediment and nutrient loads for Waiakea and Alenaio Streams, Hilo, Hawaii, 2003-2006
Todd K. Presley, Marcael T. J. Jamison, Dale C. Nishimoto
2008, Open-File Report 2007-1429
Suspended sediment and nutrient samples were collected during wet-weather conditions at three sites on two ephemeral streams in the vicinity of Hilo, Hawaii during March 2004 to March 2006. Two sites were sampled on Waiakea Stream at 80- and 860-foot altitudes during March 2004 to August 2005. One site was...
Fluvial erosion and post-erosional processes on Titan
R. Jaumann, R. H. Brown, K. Stephan, J. W. Barnes, L.A. Soderblom, Christophe Sotin, Stéphane Le Mouélic, R. N. Clark, J. Soderblom, B. J. Buratti, R. Wagner, T. B. McCord, S. Rodriguez, K. H. Baines, D. P. Cruikshank, P. D. Nicholson, C.A. Griffith, M. Langhans, R. D. Lorenz
2008, Icarus (197) 526-538
The surface of Titan has been revealed by Cassini observations in the infrared and radar wavelength ranges as well as locally by the Huygens lander instruments. Sand seas, recently discovered lakes, distinct landscapes and dendritic erosion patterns indicate dynamic surface processes. This study focus on erosional and depositional features that...
Coupled semivariogram uncertainty of hydrogeological and geophysical data on capture zone uncertainty analysis
A. Rahman, F.T.-C. Tsai, C.D. White, C. S. Willson
2008, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering (13) 915-925
This study investigates capture zone uncertainty that relates to the coupled semivariogram uncertainty of hydrogeological and geophysical data. Semivariogram uncertainty is represented by the uncertainty in structural parameters (range, sill, and nugget). We used the beta distribution function to derive the prior distributions of structural parameters. The probability distributions of...
Variability of community interaction networks in marine reserves and adjacent exploited areas
G. Montano-Moctezuma, H.W. Li, P.A. Rossignol
2008, Fisheries Research (94) 99-108
Regional and small-scale local oceanographic conditions can lead to high variability in community structure even among similar habitats. Communities with identical species composition can depict distinct networks due to different levels of disturbance as well as physical and biological processes. In this study we reconstruct community networks in four different...
Bioassay for estimating the biogenic methane-generating potential of coal samples
Elizabeth Jones, Mary A. Voytek, Peter D. Warwick, M.D. Corum, Alexander G. Cohn, Joseph E. Bunnell, Arthur C. Clark, William H. Orem
2008, International Journal of Coal Geology (76) 138-150
Generation of secondary biogenic methane in coal beds is likely controlled by a combination of factors such as the bioavailability of coal carbon, the presence of a microbial community to convert coal carbon to methane, and an environment supporting microbial growth and methanogenesis. A set...
Nodal failure index approach to groundwater remediation design
J. Lee, H. W. Reeves, C.H. Dowding
2008, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering (134) 1554-1557
Computer simulations often are used to design and to optimize groundwater remediation systems. We present a new computationally efficient approach that calculates the reliability of remedial design at every location in a model domain with a single simulation. The estimated reliability and other model information are used to select a...
Vertical tectonic deformation associated with the San Andreas fault zone offshore of San Francisco, California
H. F. Ryan, T. Parsons, R. W. Sliter
2008, Tectonophysics (457) 209-223
A new fault map of the shelf offshore of San Francisco, California shows that faulting occurs as a distributed shear zone that involves many fault strands with the principal displacement taken up by the San Andreas fault and the eastern strand of the San Gregorio fault zone. Structures associated with...
Tracing the first steps of American sturgeon pioneers in Europe
A. Ludwig, U. Arndt, S. Lippold, N. Benecke, L. Debus, T.L. King, S. Matsumura
2008, BMC Evolutionary Biology (8)
Background. A Baltic population of Atlantic sturgeon was founded ???1,200 years ago by migrants from North America, but after centuries of persistence, the population was extirpated in the 1960s, mainly as a result of over-harvest and habitat alterations. As there are four genetically distinct groups of Atlantic sturgeon inhabiting North...
Estimated home ranges can misrepresent habitat relationships on patchy landscapes
M.S. Mitchell, R. A. Powell
2008, Ecological Modelling (216) 409-414
Home ranges of animals are generally structured by the selective use of resource-bearing patches that comprise habitat. Based on this concept, home ranges of animals estimated from location data are commonly used to infer habitat relationships. Because home ranges estimated from animal locations are largely continuous in space, the resource-bearing...
Ocean acidification and calcifying reef organisms: A mesocosm investigation
P. L. Jokiel, K. S. Rodgers, I. B. Kuffner, A.J. Andersson, E.F. Cox, F.T. MacKenzie
2008, Coral Reefs (27) 473-483
A long-term (10 months) controlled experiment was conducted to test the impact of increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) on common calcifying coral reef organisms. The experiment was conducted in replicate continuous flow coral reef mesocosms flushed with unfiltered sea water from Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Mesocosms were located...
A seepage meter designed for use in flowing water
D.O. Rosenberry
2008, Journal of Hydrology (359) 118-130
Seepage meters provide one of the most direct means to measure exchange of water across the sediment-water interface, but they generally have been unsuitable for use in fluvial settings. Although the seepage bag can be placed inside a rigid container to minimize velocity head concerns, the seepage cylinder installed in...
Molecular and morphological analysis of the critically endangered Fijian iguanas reveals cryptic diversity and a complex biogeographic history
J.S. Keogh, D.L. Edwards, Robert N. Fisher, P.S. Harlow
2008, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (363) 3413-3426
The Pacific iguanas of the Fijian and Tongan archipelagos are a biogeographic enigma in that their closest relatives are found only in the New World. They currently comprise two genera and four species of extinct and extant taxa. The two extant species, Brachylophus fasciatus from Fiji, Tonga, and Vanuatu and...
Protective efficacy of a recombinant subunit West Nile virus vaccine in domestic geese (Anser anser)
S.I. Jarvi, M.M. Lieberman, E. Hofmeister, V.R. Nerurkar, T. Wong, C. Weeks-Levy
2008, Vaccine (26) 5338-5344
Introduction of the West Nile virus (WNV) to Hawai'i will undoubtedly devastate many populations of critically endangered avian species indigenous to Hawai'i. The protective efficacy of a protein-based WNV subunit vaccine formulated with adjuvant was evaluated in domestic geese as a surrogate species for the endangered Ne??ne??, the state bird...
Reflectance spectroscopy for the assessment of soil salt content in soils of the yellow river delta of China
Yongling Weng, P. Gong, Z. Zhu
2008, International Journal of Remote Sensing (29) 5511-5531
There has been growing interest in the use of reflectance spectroscopy as a rapid and inexpensive tool for soil characterization. In this study, we collected 95 soil samples from the Yellow River Delta of China to investigate the level of soil salinity in relation to soil spectra. Sample plots were...
Loess record of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition on the northern and central Great Plains, USA
J.A. Mason, X. Miao, P.R. Hanson, W.C. Johnson, P.M. Jacobs, R.J. Goble
2008, Quaternary Science Reviews (27) 1772-1783
Various lines of evidence support conflicting interpretations of the timing, abruptness, and nature of climate change in the Great Plains during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. Loess deposits and paleosols on both the central and northern Great Plains provide a valuable record that can help address these issues. A synthesis of new...
