Tsivat Basin conduit system persists through two surges, Bering Piedmont Glacier, Alaska
P.J. Fleisher, D.H. Cadwell, E.H. Muller
1998, Geological Society of America Bulletin (110) 877-887
The 1993–1995 surge of Bering Glacier, Alaska, occurred in two distinct phases. Phase 1 of the surge began on the eastern sector in July, 1993 and ended in July, 1994 after a powerful outburst of subglacial meltwater into Tsivat Lake basin on the north side of Weeping Peat Island. Within...
Ecological relationship between freshwater sculpins (Genus cottus) and beach-spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Iliamna Lake, Alaska
C.J. Foote, G.S. Brown
1998, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (55) 1524-1533
The interaction between two sculpin species, Cottus cognatus and Cottus aleuticus, and island beach spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) was examined in Iliamna Lake, Alaska. We conclude that sculpins actively move to specific spawning beaches and that the initiation of their movements precedes the start of spawning. Sculpin predation on...
Reproductive performance of female Alaskan caribou
Layne G. Adams, Bruce W. Dale
1998, Journal of Wildlife Management (62) 1184-1195
We examined the reproductive performance of female caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) in relation to age, physical condition, and reproductive experience for 9 consecutive years (1987-95) at Denali National Park, Alaska, during a period of wide variation in winter snowfall. Caribou in Denali differed from other cervid populations where reproductive performance...
Guts don't fly: Small digestive organs in obese Bar-tailed Godwits
Theunis Piersma, Robert E. Gill Jr.
1998, The Auk (115) 196-203
We documented fat loads and abdominal organ sizes of Bar-tailed Godwits (Limosa lapponica baueri) that died after colliding against a radar dome on the Alaska Peninsula, most likely just after takeoff on a trans-Pacific flight of 11,000 km, and of birds of the same subspecies just before...
Survival costs of chick rearing in black-legged kittiwakes
Gregory H. Golet, David B. Irons, James A. Estes
1998, Journal of Animal Ecology (67) 827-841
1. We tested for costs of chick rearing in the black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus) by removing entire clutches from 149 of 405 randomly selected nests, in which one or both mates was colour-banded. After the manipulation, we monitored adult nest attendance and body condition at unmanipulated and manipulated nests,...
Estimates of brown bear abundance on Kodiak Island, Alaska
V.G. Barnes Jr., R. B. Smith
1998, Ursus (10) 1-9
During 1987-94 we used capture-mark-resight (CMR) methodology and rates of observation (bears/hour and bears/100 km2) of unmarked brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi) during intensive aerial surveys (IAS) to estimate abundance of brown bears on Kodiak Island and to establish a baseline for monitoring population trends. CMR estimates were obtained on 3 study areas; density ranged...
Foods of Spectacled Eiders Somateria fischeri in the Bering Sea, Alaska
Margaret R. Petersen, John F. Piatt, K.A. Trust
1998, Wildfowl (49) 124-128
The winter diet of Spectacled Eiders living in marine habitats is known only from two individuals described by Cottam (1939). Here we examine marine diets from 36 stomachs collected near St. Lawrence Island, Bering Sea, Alaska, during May-June in 1987 and 1992. All Spectacled Eiders ate Mollusca, including Gastropoda (snails;...
Synthetic aperture radar interferometry coherence analysis over Katmai volcano group, Alaska
Z. Lu, J.T. Freymueller
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 29887-29894
The feasibility of measuring volcanic deformation or monitoring deformation of active volcanoes using space-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry depends on the ability to maintain phase coherence over appropriate time intervals. Using ERS 1 C band (λ=5.66 cm) SAR imagery, we studied the seasonal and temporal changes of the interferometric...
Forage site selection by lesser snow geese during autumn staging on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska
Jerry W. Hupp, Donna G. Robertson
1998, Wildlife Monographs (138) 1-40
Lesser snow geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) of the Western Canadian Arctic Population feed intensively for 2-4 weeks on the coastal plain of the Beaufort Sea in Canada and Alaska at the beginning of their autumn migration. Petroleum leasing proposed for the Alaskan portion of the staging area on the Arctic...
Selection of forage-fish schools by Murrelets and Tufted Puffins in Prince William Sound, Alaska
William D. Ostrand, Kenneth O. Coyle, Gary S. Drew, John M. Maniscalco, David B. Irons
1998, The Condor (100) 286-297
We collected hydroacoustic and bird-observation data simultaneously along transects in three areas in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 21 July-11 August 1995. The probability of the association of fish schools with Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) and Tufted Puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) was determined through the use of resource selection functions based on...
Settlement rate of lead shot in tundra wetlands
Paul L. Flint
1998, Journal of Wildlife Management (62) 1099-1102
Several species of breeding waterfowl have been shown to be exposed to lead shot on the Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta, Alaska. I 'seeded' experimental plots with number 4 lead shot to determine the settlement rate of shot in wetland types commonly used by foraging waterfowl. I resampled plots for 3 years,...
Routes and travel rates of migrating Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus and Swainson's Hawks Buteo swainsoni in the Western Hemisphere
Mark R. Fuller, William S. Seegar, Linda S. Schueck
1998, Journal of Avian Biology (29) 433-440
We describe and compare the migration routes, length of migration, and duration of migration of Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus tundrius and Swainson's Hawks Buteo swainsoni in the Western Hemisphere. We radio tracked migrants using the Argos satellite system. Our initial samples were 34 Swainson's Hawks from representative areas of their...
Hydrates contain vast store of world gas resources
Timothy S. Collett, Vello A. Kuuskraa
1998, Oil & Gas Journal (96) 90-95
The discovery of large gas hydrate accumulations on the North Slope of Alaska and off the U.S. southeast coast has heightened interest in gas hydrates as a possible energy resource of the future. However, significant geological uncertainties and possibly insurmountable technical issues need to be resolved before gas hydrates can...
Holocene geologic and climatic history around the Gulf of Alaska
D.H. Mann, A.L. Crowell, T. D. Hamilton, B. P. Finney
1998, Arctic Anthropology (35) 112-131
Though not as dramatic as during the last Ice Age, pronounced climatic changes occurred in the northeastern Pacific over the last 10,000 years. Summers warmer and drier than today's accompanied a Hypsithermal interval between 9 and 6 ka. Subsequent Neoglaciation was marked by glacier expansion after 5-6 ka and the...
Damage reduction to ponderosa pine seedlings from northern pocket gophers by vegetation management through grass seeding and herbicide treatment
Richard M. Engeman, V.G. Barnes, R.M. Anthony, Heather W. Krupa
1998, International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation (42) 115-121
2,4-D herbicide treatment was applied to 2 treatment units to remove the forbs that are the preferred food of pocket gophers. One of these units also was seeded with grasses prior to the 2,4-D treatment. The effect of 2,4-D and grass seeding plus 2,4-D treatments were compared to an untreated...
Pacific halibut in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska
Philip N. Hooge, Spencer J. Taggart
Michael J. Mac, Paul A. Opler, Catherine E. Puckett Haecker, Peter D. Doran, editor(s)
1998, Book chapter, Status and trends of the nation's biological resources
The Pacific halibut is a large (up to 3 meters long) predatory fish in the flatfish family. Glacier Bay National Park is the site of extensive and controversial commercial halibut fisheries that began before the park was established in 1925. These fisheries continue despite prohibitive regulations, including the Wilderness Act...
Grizzly bears and calving caribou: What is the relation with river corridors?
Donald D. Young Jr., Thomas R. McCabe
1998, Journal of Wildlife Management (62) 255-261
Researchers have debated the effect of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline (TAP) and associated developments to caribou (Rangifer tarandus) of the central Arctic herd (CAH) since the 1970s. Several studies have demonstrated that cows and calves of the CAH avoided the TAP corridor because of disturbance associated with the pipeline, whereas others...
Responses of brown bears to human activities at O'Malley River, Kodiak Island, Alaska
Gregory A. Wilker, Victor G. Barnes Jr.
1998, Ursus (10) 557-561
We classified levels of direct response of brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi) to aircraft, watercraft, and groups of people on the O'Malley River area of Kodiak Island, Alaska. General public use occurred on the area in 1991 and 1993, whereas structured bear viewing programs used the area in 1992 and...
Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management
Steven G. Fancy, Larry F. Pank, David C. Douglas, Catherine H. Curby, Gerald W. Garner, Steven C. Amstrup, Wayne L. Regelin
1998, Resource Publication 172
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game have cooperated since 1984 to develop and evaluate satellite telemetry as a means of overcoming the high costs and logistical problems of conventional VHF (very high frequency) radiotelemetry systems. Detailed locational and behavioral data on caribou...
Identifying and mitigating errors in satellite telemetry of polar bears
Stephen M. Arthur, Gerald W. Garner, Tamara L. Olson
1998, Ursus (10) 413-419
Satellite radiotelemetry is a useful method of tracking movements of animals that travel long distances or inhabit remote areas. However, the logistical constraints that encourage the use of satellite telemetry also inhibit efforts to assess accuracy of the resulting data. To investigate effectiveness of methods that might be used to...
Marbled murrelets have declined in Alaska
John F. Piatt
1998, Northwest Science (72) 310-314
In the last issue of Northwest Science, Hayward and Iverson (“Long-Term Trends in Marbled Murrelets in Southeast Alaska Based on Christmas Bird Counts”) failed to mention other evidence for 40-75% declines in murrelet populations, or discuss implications of a climate regime shift that has reduced populations of seabirds in Alaska,...
Satellite radar interferometry measures deformation at Okmok Volcano
Zhong Lu, Dorte Mann, Jeff Freymueller
1998, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (79) 461-468
The center of the Okmok caldera in Alaska subsided 140 cm as a result of its February– April 1997 eruption, according to satellite data from ERS-1 and ERS-2 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry. The inferred deflationary source was located 2.7 km beneath the approximate center of the caldera using a...
Double-stocking for overcoming damage to conifer seedlings by pocket gophers
Richard M. Engeman, Richard M. Anthony, Victor G. Barnes Jr., Heather W. Krupa, James Evans
1998, Crop Protection (17) 687-690
A 5-yr study was conducted on national forests in Idaho and Oregon to evaluate how doubling the seedling stocking rate of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) would relate to 5-year survival and the uniformity of distribution of seedlings in the presence of northern pocket gopher (Thomomys talpoides) damage. Either 4 or...
Causes of disease in Pacific herring from Prince William Sound, Alaska, during fall 1996 and spring 1997
G.D. Marty, P.K. Hershberger, E.F. Freiberg, T.R. Meyers, G. Carpenter, D.E. Hinton
1998, Report
No abstract available ...
Integrating ecosystem studies: A Bayesian comparison of hypotheses
Milo D. Adkison, Brenda E. Ballachey, James L. Bodkin, Leslie E. Holland-Bartels
F. Funk, T.J. Quinn II, J. Heifetz, J.N. Ianelli, J.E. Powers, J.F. Schweigert, P.J. Sullivan, C.-I. Zhang, editor(s)
1998, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the international symposium on fishery stock assessment models for the 21st century; 15th Lowell Wakefield fisheries symposium
Ecosystem studies are difficult to interpret because of the complexity and number of pathways that may affect a phenomenon of interest. It is not possible to study all aspects of a problem; thus subjective judgment is required to weigh what has been observed in the context of components that were...
