Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Akutan Volcano, east-central Aleutian Islands, Alaska
Christopher F. Waythomas, John A. Power, Donlad H. Richter, Robert G. McGimsey
1998, Open-File Report 98-360
Akutan Volcano is a 1100-meter-high stratovolcano on Akutan Island in the east-central Aleutian Islands of southwestern Alaska. The volcano is located about 1238 kilometers southwest of Anchorage and about 56 kilometers east of Dutch Harbor/Unalaska. Eruptive activity has occurred at least 27 times since historical observations were recorded beginning in...
Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management
Steven G. Fancy, Larry F. Pank, David C. Douglas, Catherine H. Curby, Gerald W. Garner, Steven C. Amstrup, Wayne L. Regelin
1998, Resource Publication 172
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game have cooperated since 1984 to develop and evaluate satellite telemetry as a means of overcoming the high costs and logistical problems of conventional VHF (very high frequency) radiotelemetry systems. Detailed locational and behavioral data on caribou...
Changes in mortality of Yellowstone's grizzly bears
David J. Mattson
1998, Ursus (10) 129-138
Records of grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) deaths are currently used by managers to indicate trends in actual grizzly bear mortality and to judge the effectiveness of management. Two assumptions underlie these current uses: first, that recorded mortality is an unbiased indicator of actual mortality, and second, that changes in mortality...
Marbled murrelets have declined in Alaska
John F. Piatt
1998, Northwest Science (72) 310-314
In the last issue of Northwest Science, Hayward and Iverson (“Long-Term Trends in Marbled Murrelets in Southeast Alaska Based on Christmas Bird Counts”) failed to mention other evidence for 40-75% declines in murrelet populations, or discuss implications of a climate regime shift that has reduced populations of seabirds in Alaska,...
Satellite radar interferometry measures deformation at Okmok Volcano
Zhong Lu, Dorte Mann, Jeff Freymueller
1998, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (79) 461-468
The center of the Okmok caldera in Alaska subsided 140 cm as a result of its February– April 1997 eruption, according to satellite data from ERS-1 and ERS-2 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry. The inferred deflationary source was located 2.7 km beneath the approximate center of the caldera using a...
Identifying and mitigating errors in satellite telemetry of polar bears
Stephen M. Arthur, Gerald W. Garner, Tamara L. Olson
1998, Ursus (10) 413-419
Satellite radiotelemetry is a useful method of tracking movements of animals that travel long distances or inhabit remote areas. However, the logistical constraints that encourage the use of satellite telemetry also inhibit efforts to assess accuracy of the resulting data. To investigate effectiveness of methods that might be used to...
Causes of disease in Pacific herring from Prince William Sound, Alaska, during fall 1996 and spring 1997
G.D. Marty, P.K. Hershberger, E.F. Freiberg, T.R. Meyers, G. Carpenter, D.E. Hinton
1998, Report
No abstract available ...
Grizzly bears and calving caribou: What is the relation with river corridors?
Donald D. Young Jr., Thomas R. McCabe
1998, Journal of Wildlife Management (62) 255-261
Researchers have debated the effect of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline (TAP) and associated developments to caribou (Rangifer tarandus) of the central Arctic herd (CAH) since the 1970s. Several studies have demonstrated that cows and calves of the CAH avoided the TAP corridor because of disturbance associated with the pipeline, whereas others...
Diet and morphology of extant and recently extinct northern bears
David J. Mattson
1998, Ursus (10) 479-496
I examined the relationship of diets to skull morphology of extant northern bears and used this information to speculate on diets of the recently extinct cave (Ursus spelaeus) and short-faced (Arctodus simus) bears. Analyses relied upon published skull measurements and food habits of Asiatic (U. thibetanus) and American (U. americanus)...
Natal and breeding philopatry in a black brant, Branta bernicla nigricans, metapopulation
Mark S. Lindberg, James S. Sedinger, Dirk V. Derksen, Robert F. Rockwell
1998, Ecology (79) 1893-1904
We estimated natal and breeding philopatry and dispersal probabilities for a metapopulation of Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) based on observations of marked birds at six breeding colonies in Alaska, 1986–1994. Both adult females and males exhibited high (>0.90) probability of philopatry to breeding colonies. Probability of natal philopatry was...
Ecological, morphological, genetic and life history characteristics of two sockeye salmon populations, Tustumena Lake, Alaska
Carol Ann Woody
1998, Thesis
Populations can differ in both phenotypic and molecular genetic traits. Phenotypic differences likely result from differential selection pressures in the environment, whereas differences in neutral molecular markers result from genetic drift associated with some degree of reproductive isolation. Two sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka, populations were compared using both phenotypic and...
Cultural resource applications for a GIS: Stone conservation at Jefferson and Lincoln Memorials
Kyle Joly, Tony Donald, Douglas Comer
1998, Cultural Resources Management (21) 17-18
Geographical information systems are rapidly becoming essential tools for land management. They provide a way to link landscape features to the wide variety of information that managers must consider when formulating plans for a site, designing site improvement and restoration projects, determining maintenance projects and protocols, and even interpreting the...
Double-stocking for overcoming damage to conifer seedlings by pocket gophers
Richard M. Engeman, Richard M. Anthony, Victor G. Barnes Jr., Heather W. Krupa, James Evans
1998, Crop Protection (17) 687-690
A 5-yr study was conducted on national forests in Idaho and Oregon to evaluate how doubling the seedling stocking rate of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) would relate to 5-year survival and the uniformity of distribution of seedlings in the presence of northern pocket gopher (Thomomys talpoides) damage. Either 4 or...
Damage reduction to ponderosa pine seedlings from northern pocket gophers by vegetation management through grass seeding and herbicide treatment
Richard M. Engeman, V.G. Barnes, R.M. Anthony, Heather W. Krupa
1998, International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation (42) 115-121
2,4-D herbicide treatment was applied to 2 treatment units to remove the forbs that are the preferred food of pocket gophers. One of these units also was seeded with grasses prior to the 2,4-D treatment. The effect of 2,4-D and grass seeding plus 2,4-D treatments were compared to an untreated...
Responses of brown bears to human activities at O'Malley River, Kodiak Island, Alaska
Gregory A. Wilker, Victor G. Barnes Jr.
1998, Ursus (10) 557-561
We classified levels of direct response of brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi) to aircraft, watercraft, and groups of people on the O'Malley River area of Kodiak Island, Alaska. General public use occurred on the area in 1991 and 1993, whereas structured bear viewing programs used the area in 1992 and...
Sexual attitudes at northern latitudes
Richard B. Lanctot
1998, Natural History (107) 72-75
Spreading his wings to reveal their pearly white undersides, the male buff-breasted sandpiper tilted his head to the sky, puffed out his chest, and uttered a series of soft "tick-ticks.” He then proceeded to stamp his feet and vibrate his wings as if the ground were quaking beneath him. Soon,...
Survival costs of chick rearing in black-legged kittiwakes
Gregory H. Golet, David B. Irons, James A. Estes
1998, Journal of Animal Ecology (67) 827-841
1. We tested for costs of chick rearing in the black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus) by removing entire clutches from 149 of 405 randomly selected nests, in which one or both mates was colour-banded. After the manipulation, we monitored adult nest attendance and body condition at unmanipulated and manipulated nests,...
Blood lead concentrations of spectacled eiders near the Kashunuk River, Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska
J. Christian Franson, Margaret R. Petersen, Lynn H. Creekmore, Paul L. Flint, Milton R. Smith
1998, Ecotoxicology (7) 175-181
We collected, 342 blood samples from spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) on their breeding grounds in western Alaska from late May through to early August 1993–1995. Lead concentrations of ≥0.50 p.p.m. wet weight were found in the blood of 20% of the adult female eiders, 2% of the adult...
Genetic differentiation between wintering populations of lesser snow geese nesting on Wrangel Island, Russia
S.B. Kuznetsov, Vasily V. Baranyuk, John Y. Takekawa
1998, The Auk (115) 1053-1057
Arctic breeding populations of Lesser Snow Geese (Chen c. caerulescens) range from Baffin Island in eastern Canada to Wrangel Island, Russia, which is located 650 km west of Alaska (Bellrose 1980). Although hundreds of thousands of Lesser Snow Geese may have occupied the Russian arctic in the mid1800s (see Takekawa...
Estimates of brown bear abundance on Kodiak Island, Alaska
V.G. Barnes Jr., R. B. Smith
1998, Ursus (10) 1-9
During 1987-94 we used capture-mark-resight (CMR) methodology and rates of observation (bears/hour and bears/100 km2) of unmarked brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi) during intensive aerial surveys (IAS) to estimate abundance of brown bears on Kodiak Island and to establish a baseline for monitoring population trends. CMR estimates were obtained on 3 study areas; density ranged...
Timing and synchrony of parturition in Alaska caribou
Layne G. Adams, Bruce W. Dale
1998, Journal of Mammalogy (79) 287-294
Timing of parturition of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) varies within populations, but the relative influences of nutritional condition of females during the autumn breeding season and during gestation on that variation is not known. We determined timing of parturition of caribou in Denali National Park, Alaska, during 1984–1995, which had wide...
Dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms in waterfowl (family Anatidae): Characterization of a sex-linked (Z-specific) and 14 autosomal loci
W.G. Buchholz, John M. Pearce, Barbara J. Pierson, Kim T. Scribner
1998, Animal Genetics (29) 323-325
Canada goose (Branta Canadensis) and harlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) DNAs were digested with Sau3AI, and size selected (300-700 bp) fragments were ligated into BamHI-digested pBluscriptII KS+. The enrichment protocol of Ostrander et al.1 was followed. The resulting libraries were screened using a [ƴ-32P]ATP end-labelled (CA)20 oligonucleotides as a hybridization probe....
Flow-cytometric determination of genotoxic effects of exposure to petroleum in mink and sea otters
J. W. Bickham, J.A. Mazet, J. Blake, M.J. Smolen, Y. Lou, Brenda E. Ballachey
1998, Ecotoxicology (7) 191-199
Three experiments were conducted to investigate the genotoxic effects of crude oil on mink and sea otters, In the first experiment, the effects on mink of chronic exposure to weathered Prudhoe Bay crude oil were studied, Female mink were fed a diet that included weathered crude oil for a period...
Reproductive performance of female Alaskan caribou
Layne G. Adams, Bruce W. Dale
1998, Journal of Wildlife Management (62) 1184-1195
We examined the reproductive performance of female caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) in relation to age, physical condition, and reproductive experience for 9 consecutive years (1987-95) at Denali National Park, Alaska, during a period of wide variation in winter snowfall. Caribou in Denali differed from other cervid populations where reproductive performance...
Serum biochemistry of captive and free-ranging gray wolves (Canis lupus)
Peter Constable, Ken Hinchcliff, Nick Demma, Margaret Callahan, B.W. Dale, Kevin Fox, Layne G. Adams, Ray Wack, Lynn Kramer
1998, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (29) 435-440
Normal serum biochemistry values are frequently obtained from studies of captive sedentary (zoo) or free-ranging (wild) animals. It is frequently assumed that values from these two populations are directly referable to each other. We tested this assumption using 20 captive gray wolves (Canis lupus) in Minnesota, USA, and 11 free-ranging...
