In situ video observations of two manefishes (perciformes: Caristiidae) in the mesopelagic zone of the northern Gulf of Mexico
M.C. Benfield, John H. Caruso, K. J. Sulak
2009, Copeia (4) 637-641
This paper describes direct video observations of two manefishes, likely Paracaristius sp., from the mesopelagic waters of the north-central Gulf of Mexico. One fish was observed with a remotely operated vehicle at a depth of 829 m by an industrial ROV as part of the SERPENT Project. The second was...
Recent faulting in the Gulf of Santa Catalina: San Diego to Dana Point
H. F. Ryan, M.R. Legg, J. E. Conrad, R. W. Sliter
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 291-315
We interpret seismic-reflection profiles to determine the location and offset mode of Quaternary offshore faults beneath the Gulf of Santa Catalina in the inner California Continental Borderland. These faults are primarily northwest-trending, right-lateral, strike-slip faults, and are in the offshore Rose Canyon-Newport-Inglewood, Coronado Bank, Palos Verdes, and San Diego Trough...
Comparing wastewater chemicals, indicator bacteria concentrations, and bacterial pathogen genes as fecal pollution indicators
S.K. Haack, J.W. Duris, L.R. Fogarty, D.W. Kolpin, M. J. Focazio, E. T. Furlong, M. T. Meyer
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 248-258
The objective of this study was to compare fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) (fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli [EC], and enterococci [ENT]) concentrations with a wide array of typical organic wastewater chemicals and selected bacterial genes as indicators of fecal pollution in water samples collected at or near 18 surface water drinking water intakes....
Benthic biogeochemical cycling, nutrient stoichiometry, and carbon and nitrogen mass balances in a eutrophic freshwater bay
J.V. Klump, S.A. Fitzgerald, J.T. Waplesa
2009, Limnology and Oceanography (54) 692-712
Green Bay, while representing only ~7% of the surface area and ~1.4% of the volume of Lake Michigan, contains one‐third of the watershed of the lake, and receives approximately one‐third of the total nutrient loading to the Lake Michigan basin, largely from the Fox River at the southern end of...
Interactive effects of fire, soil climate, and moss on CO2 fluxes in black spruce ecosystems of interior Alaska
Jonathan A. O’Donnell, Merritt R. Turetsky, Jennifer W. Harden, Kristen L. Manies, L.E. Pruett, Gordon Shetler, Jason C. Neff
2009, Ecosystems (12) 57-72
Fire is an important control on the carbon (C) balance of the boreal forest region. Here, we present findings from two complementary studies that examine how fire modifies soil organic matter properties, and how these modifications influence rates of decomposition and C exchange in black spruce (Picea mariana)...
Effect of species rarity on the accuracy of species distribution models for reptiles and amphibians in southern California
J. Franklin, K.E. Wejnert, S.A. Hathaway, C.J. Rochester, Robert N. Fisher
2009, Diversity and Distributions (15) 167-177
Aim: Several studies have found that more accurate predictive models of species' occurrences can be developed for rarer species; however, one recent study found the relationship between range size and model performance to be an artefact of sample prevalence, that is, the proportion of presence versus absence observations in the...
Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options
Karen C. Nelson, Margaret A. Palmer, James E. Pizzuto, Glenn E. Moglen, Paul L. Angermeier, Robert H. Hilderbrand, Mike Dettinger, Katharine Hayhoe
2009, Journal of Applied Ecology (46) 154-163
Streams collect runoff, heat, and sediment from their watersheds, making them highly vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances such as urbanization and climate change. Forecasting the effects of these disturbances using process-based models is critical to identifying the form and magnitude of likely impacts. Here, we integrate a new biotic model with...
Relatedness and social organization of coypus in the Argentinean pampas
J.I. Tunez, M.L. Guichon, D. Centron, A.P. Henderson, C. Callahan, M.H. Cassini
2009, Molecular Ecology (18) 147-155
Behavioural and trapping studies of the social organization of coypus have suggested the occurrence of kin groups and a polygynous mating system. We used 16 microsatellite markers to analyse parentage and relatedness relationships in two populations (J??uregui and Villa Ruiz) in the Argentinean Pampas. At J??uregui, a dominant male monopolized...
Flow and geochemistry of groundwater beneath a back-barrier lagoon: The subterranean estuary at Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, USA
J.F. Bratton, J.K. Böhlke, D.E. Krantz, C.R. Tobias
2009, Marine Chemistry (113) 78-92
To better understand large-scale interactions between fresh and saline groundwater beneath an Atlantic coastal estuary, an offshore drilling and sampling study was performed in a large barrier-bounded lagoon, Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, USA. Groundwater that was significantly fresher than overlying bay water was found in shallow plumes up to 8 m thick...
Turbulent stresses and secondary currents in a tidal-forced channel with significant curvature and asymmetric bed forms
D.A. Fong, Stephen G. Monismith, M.T. Stacey, J.R. Burau
2009, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (135) 198-208
Acoustic Doppler current profilers are deployed to measure both the mean flow and turbulent properties in a channel with significant curvature. Direct measurements of the Reynolds stress show a significant asymmetry over the tidal cycle where stresses are enhanced during the flood tide and less prominent over...
The weathering of a sulfide orebody: Speciation and fate of some potential contaminants
A. Courtin-Nomade, C. Grosbois, M.A. Marcus, S.C. Fakra, J.-M. Beny, A. L. Foster
2009, Canadian Mineralogist (47) 493-508
Various potentially toxic trace elements such as As, Cu, Pb and Zn have been remobilized by the weathering of a sulfide orebody that was only partially mined at Leona Heights, California. As a result, this body has both natural and anthropogeni- cally modified weathering profiles only 500 m apart. The...
A case study of two M~5 mainshocks in Anza, California: Is the footprint of an aftershock sequence larger than we think?
Karen R. Fritts, Debi Kilb
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 2721-2735
It has been traditionally held that aftershocks occur within one to two fault lengths of the mainshock. Here we demonstrate that this perception has been shaped by the sensitivity of seismic networks. The 31 October 2001 Mw 5.0 and 12 June 2005 Mw 5.2 Anza mainshocks in southern California occurred in the middle of...
Simulated dynamics of carbon stocks driven by changes in land use, management and climate in a tropical moist ecosystem of Ghana
Z. Tan, S. Liu, L.L. Tieszen, E. Tachie-Obeng
2009, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment (130) 171-176
Sub-Saharan Africa is large and diverse with regions of food insecurity and high vulnerability to climate change. This project quantifies carbon stocks and fluxes in the humid forest zone of Ghana, as a part of an assessment in West Africa. The General Ensemble biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS) was used to...
Shifts in lake N: P stoichiometry and nutrient limitation driven by atmospheric nitrogen deposition
J.J. Elser, T. Andersen, Jill Baron, A.-K. Bergstrom, M. Jansson, M. Kyle, K. R. Nydick, L. Steger, D.O. Hessen
2009, Science (326) 835-837
Human activities have more than doubled the amount of nitrogen (N) circulating in the biosphere. One major pathway of this anthropogenic N input into ecosystems has been increased regional deposition from the atmosphere. Here we show that atmospheric N deposition increased the stoichiometric ratio of N and phosphorus (P) in...
Developing consistent Landsat data sets for large area applications: the MRLC 2001 protocol
G. Chander, Chengquan Huang, Limin Yang, Collin G. Homer, C. Larson
2009, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters (6) 777-781
One of the major efforts in large area land cover mapping over the last two decades was the completion of two U.S. National Land Cover Data sets (NLCD), developed with nominal 1992 and 2001 Landsat imagery under the auspices of the MultiResolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. Following the successful generation...
Patterns of forest succession and impacts of flood in the Upper Mississippi River floodplain ecosystem
Y. Yin, Y. Wu, S.M. Bartell, R. Cosgriff
2009, Ecological Complexity (6) 463-472
The widespread loss of oak-hickory forests and the impacts of flood have been major issues of ecological interest concerning forest succession in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) floodplain. The data analysis from two comprehensive field surveys indicated that Quercus was one of the dominant genera in the UMR floodplain ecosystem...
Spatially detailed quantification of metal loading for decision making: Metal mass loading to American fork and Mary Ellen Gulch, Utah
B. A. Kimball, R.L. Runkel
2009, Mine Water and the Environment (28) 274-290
Effective remediation requires an understanding of the relative contributions of metals from all sources in a catchment, and that understanding must be based on a spatially detailed quantification of metal loading. A traditional approach to quantifying metal loading has been to measure discharge and chemistry at a catchment outlet. This...
Rayleigh-wave mode separation by high-resolution linear radon transform
Y. Luo, J. Xia, R. D. Miller, Y. Xu, J. Liu, Q. Liu
2009, Geophysical Journal International (179) 254-264
Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method is an effective tool for obtaining vertical shear wave profiles from a single non-invasive measurement. One key step of the MASW method is generation of a dispersion image and extraction of a reliable dispersion curve from raw multichannel shot records. Because different Rayleigh-wave...
The puzzle of the 1996 Bárdarbunga, Iceland, earthquake: no volumetric component in the source mechanism
Hrvoje Tkalcic, Douglas S. Dreger, Gillian R. Foulger, Bruce R. Julian
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 3077-3085
A volcanic earthquake with Mw 5.6 occurred beneath the Bárdarbunga caldera in Iceland on 29 September 1996. This earthquake is one of a decade-long sequence of events at Bárdarbunga with non-double-couple mechanisms in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor catalog. Fortunately, it was recorded well by the regional-scale...
The Mackenzie River magnetic anomaly, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada-Evidence for Early Proterozoic magmatic arc crust at the edge of the North American craton
M. Pilkington, R. W. Saltus
2009, Tectonophysics (478) 78-86
We characterize the nature of the source of the high-amplitude, long-wavelength, Mackenzie River magnetic anomaly (MRA), Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada, based on magnetic field data collected at three different altitudes: 300 m, 3.5 km and 400 km. The MRA is the largest amplitude (13 nT)...
Proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus Polyphemus) of the Delaware Bay
D. R. Smith, M.T. Mandt, P.D.M. Macdonald
2009, Journal of Shellfish Research (28) 405-417
The unresolved status of the proximate cause for sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs has practical consequence, because harvest recommendations rely on assumptions about sex-specific growth and maturity. We propose and evaluate competing hypotheses for the proximate cause of sexual size dimorphism in horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) by comparing size...
THE subfossil occurrence and paleoecological significance of small mammals at ankilitelo cave, southwestern Madagascar
K.M. Muldoon, D. D. De Blieux, E.L. Simons, P.S. Chatrath
2009, Journal of Mammalogy (90) 1111-1131
Small mammals are rarely reported from subfossil sites in Madagascar despite their importance for paleoenvironmental reconstruction, especially as it relates to recent ecological changes on the island. We describe the uniquely rich subfossil small mammal fauna from Ankilitelo Cave, southwestern Madagascar. The Ankilitelo fauna is dated to the late...
The geology of Hotei Regio, Titan: Correlation of Cassini VIMS and RADAR
L.A. Soderblom, R. H. Brown, J.M. Soderblom, J. W. Barnes, R. L. Kirk, Christophe Sotin, R. Jaumann, D. J. MacKinnon, D.W. Mackowski, K. H. Baines, B. J. Buratti, R. N. Clark, P. D. Nicholson
2009, Icarus (204) 610-618
Joint Cassini VIMS and RADAR SAR data of ∼700-km-wide Hotei Regio reveal a rich collection of geological features that correlate between the two sets of images. The degree of correlation is greater than anywhere else seen on Titan. Central to Hotei Regio is a basin filled with cryovolcanic flows that...
Genetic susceptibility to chronic wasting disease in free-ranging white-tailed deer: complement component C1q and Prnp polymorphisms
Julie A. Blanchong, Dennis M. Heisey, Kim T. Scribner, Scot V. Libants, Chad Johnson, Judd M. Aiken, Julia A. Langenberg, Michael D. Samuel
2009, Infection, Genetics and Evolution (9) 1329-1335
The genetic basis of susceptibility to chronic wasting disease (CWD) in free-ranging cervids is of great interest. Association studies of disease susceptibility in free-ranging populations, however, face considerable challenges including: the need for large sample sizes when disease is rare, animals of unknown pedigree create a risk of spurious results...
Angler awareness of aquatic nuisance species and potential transport mechanisms
K.K. Gates, C.S. Guy, A.V. Zale, T.B. Horton
2009, Fisheries Management and Ecology (16) 448-456
The role anglers play in transporting aquatic nuisance species (ANS) is important in managing infestations and preventing introductions. The objectives of this study were to: (1) quantify angler movement patterns in southwestern Montana, ANS awareness and equipment cleaning practices; and (2) quantify the amount of soil transported on boots and...
