Geochemical investigation of weathering processes in a forested headwater catchment: Mass-balance weathering fluxes
B.F. Jones, J.S. Herman
2008, Conference Paper, Mineralogical Magazine
Geochemical research on natural weathering has often been directed towards explanations of the chemical composition of surface water and ground water resulting from subsurface water-rock interactions. These interactions are often defined as the incongruent dissolution of primary silicates, such as feldspar, producing secondary weathering products, such as clay minerals and...
Trends and spatial distribution of annual and seasonal rainfall in Ethiopia
W.H. Cheung, G.B. Senay, A. Singh
2008, International Journal of Climatology (28) 1723-1734
As a country whose economy is heavily dependent on low-productivity rainfed agriculture, rainfall trends are often cited as one of the more important factors in explaining various socio-economic problems such as food insecurity. Therefore, in order to help policymakers and developers make more informed decisions, this study investigated the temporal...
The imaging performance of the SRC on Mars Express
J. Oberst, G. Schwarz, T. Behnke, H. Hoffmann, K.-D. Matz, J. Flohrer, H. Hirsch, T. Roatsch, F. Scholten, E. Hauber, B. Brinkmann, R. Jaumann, D. Williams, Randolph L. Kirk, T. Duxbury, C. Leu, G. Neukum
2008, Planetary and Space Science (56) 473-491
The Mars Express spacecraft carries the pushbroom scanner high-resolution stereo camera (HRSC) and its added imaging subsystem super resolution channel (SRC). The SRC is equipped with its own optical system and a 1024×1024 framing sensor. SRC produces snapshots with 2.3 m ground pixel size from the nominal spacecraft pericenter height of...
Response to commentary on observed methanogenic biodegradation progressions
F. D. Hostettler, B.A. Bekins, C.E. Rostad, W.N. Herkelrath
2008, Conference Paper, Environmental Forensics
[No abstract available]...
Fine root dynamics and forest production across a calcium gradient in northern hardwood and conifer ecosystems
B.B. Park, R.D. Yanai, T.J. Fahey, S.W. Bailey, T.G. Siccama, J. B. Shanley, N.L. Cleavitt
2008, Ecosystems (11) 325-341
Losses of soil base cations due to acid rain have been implicated in declines of red spruce and sugar maple in the northeastern USA. We studied fine root and aboveground biomass and production in five northern hardwood and three conifer stands differing in soil Ca status at Sleepers River, VT;...
Mathematical models frame environmental dispute [Review of the article Useless arithmetic: Ten points to ponder when using mathematical models in environmental decision making]
Berton Lee Lamb, Nina Burkardt
2008, Public Administration Review (68) 55-60
When Linda Pilkey- Jarvis and Orrin Pilkey state in their article, "Useless Arithmetic," that "mathematical models are simplified, generalized representations of a process or system," they probably do not mean to imply that these models are simple. Rather, the models are simpler than nature and that is the heart of...
Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Gareloi Volcano, Gareloi Island, Alaska
Michelle L. Coombs, Robert G. McGimsey, Brandon L. Browne
2008, Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5159
Gareloi Volcano (178.794 degrees W and 51.790 degrees N) is located on Gareloi Island in the Delarof Islands group of the Aleutian Islands, about 2,000 kilometers west-southwest of Anchorage and about 150 kilometers west of Adak, the westernmost community in Alaska. This small (about 8x10 kilometer) volcano has been one...
Organochlorine pesticide, polychlorinated biphenyl, trace element and metal residues in bird eggs from Salton Sea, California, 2004
Charles J. Henny, T. W. Anderson, J.J. Crayon
2008, Hydrobiologia (604) 137-149
The Salton Sea is a highly eutrophic, hypersaline terminal lake that receives inflows primarily from agricultural drainages in the Imperial and Coachella valleys. Impending reductions in water inflow at Salton Sea may concentrate existing contaminants which have been a concern for many years, and result in higher exposure to birds....
Avoidance behavior of juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) exposed to Bayluscide 3.2% Granular Sea Lamprey Larvicide
Michael A Boogaard, Jane E Rivera, Mark P Gaikowski
2008, Report
Avoidance of juvenile lake sturgeons < 100 mm in length in response to application of the Bayluscide 3.2% Granular Sea Lamprey Larvicide was assessed. Clear plexiglas columns (107 cm in height, 30.5 cm in diameter) to evaluate the potential for the normally bottom-dwelling fishes to move vertically in the water...
Genetic diversity among sea otter isolates of Toxoplasma gondii
N. Sundar, Rebecca A. Cole, N. J. Thomas, D. Majumdar, J. P. Dubey, C. Su
2008, Veterinary Parasitology (151) 125-132
Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) have been reported to become infected with Toxoplasma gondiiand at times succumb to clinical disease. Here, we determined genotypes of 39 T. gondiiisolates from 37 sea otters in two geographically distant locations (25 from California and 12 from Washington). Six genotypes were identified using 10 PCR-RFLP genetic markers...
Modern perspectives on measuring and interpreting seafloor heat flux
Reid N. Harris, A. Fisher, C. Ruppel, F. Martinez
2008, Conference Paper, The Future of Marine Heat Flow: Defining Scientific Goals and Experimental Needs for the 21st Century
There has been a resurgence of interest in marine heat flow in the past 10–15 years, coinciding with fundamental achievements in understanding the Earth's thermal state and quantifying the dynamics and impacts of material and energy fluxes within and between the lithosphere and hydrosphere. At the same time, technical capabilities...
Interactive effects of wildfire and permafrost on microbial communities and soil processes in an Alaskan black spruce forest
M. P. Waldrop, J.W. Harden
2008, Global Change Biology (14) 2591-2602
Boreal forests contain significant quantities of soil carbon that may be oxidized to CO2 given future increases in climate warming and wildfire behavior. At the ecosystem scale, decomposition and heterotrophic respiration are strongly controlled by temperature and moisture, but we questioned whether changes in microbial biomass, activity, or community structure...
Differences in evaporation between a floating pan and class a pan on land
J.R. Masoner, D.I. Stannard, S. C. Christenson
2008, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (44) 552-561
Research was conducted to develop a method for obtaining floating pan evaporation rates in a small (less than 10,000 m2) wetland, lagoon, or pond. Floating pan and land pan evaporation data were collected from March 1 to August 31, 2005, at a small natural wetland located in the alluvium of the...
Microhabitat use by brook trout inhabiting small tributaries and a large river main stem: Implications for stream habitat restoration in the central Appalachians
Jeff L. Hansbarger, J. Todd Petty, Patricia M. Mazik
2008, Proceedings of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (62) 142-148
Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) habitat restoration is needed across a range of stream sizes; however, studies quantifying brook trout habitat preferences in streams of differing sizes are rare. We used radio-telemetry to quantify adult brook trout microhabitat use in a central Appalachian watershed, the upper Shavers Fork of the Cheat...
Calibration of GOES-derived solar radiation data using a distributed network of surface measurements in Florida, USA
David M. Sumner, Chandra S. Pathak, John R. Mecikalski, Simon J. Paech, Qinglong Wu, Taiye Sangoyomi
Roger W. Babcock Jr., Raymond Walton, editor(s)
2008, Conference Paper, World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008: Ahupua'A
Solar radiation data are critically important for the estimation of evapotranspiration. Analysis of visible-channel data derived from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) using radiative transfer modeling has been used to produce spatially- and temporally-distributed datasets of solar radiation. An extensive network of (pyranometer) surface measurements of solar radiation in the...
Downflow limestone beds for treatment of net-acidic, oxic, iron-laden drainage from a flooded anthracite mine, Pennsylvania, USA: 2. Laboratory evaluation
C.A. Cravotta III, S.J. Ward, J. M. Hammarstrom
2008, Mine Water and the Environment (27) 86-99
Acidic mine drainage (AMD) containing elevated concentrations of dissolved iron and other metals can be neutralized to varying degrees by reactions with limestone in passive treatment systems. We evaluated the chemical and mineralogical characteristics and the effectiveness of calcitic and dolomitic limestone for the neutralization of net-acidic, oxic, iron-laden AMD...
Regional nitrate and pesticide trends in ground water in the eastern San Joaquin Valley, California
K.R. Burow, James L. Shelton, N. M. Dubrovsky
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Environmental Quality
Protection of ground water for present and future use requires monitoring and understanding of the mechanisms controlling long-term quality of ground water. In this study, spatial and temporal trends in concentrations of nitrate and pesticides in ground water in the eastern San Joaquin Valley, California, were evaluated to determine the...
Understanding slow slip, tremor, and quakes
J. Gomberg, A.M. Trehu, E. Roeloffs, H. Dragert
2008, Conference Paper, Eos
[No abstract available]...
Introduction to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) of ground-water quality trends and comparison to other national programs
Michael R. Rosen, W.W. Lapham
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Environmental Quality
Assessment of temporal trends in national ground-water quality networks are rarely published in scientific journals. This is partly due to the fact that long-term data from these types of networks are uncommon and because many national monitoring networks are not driven by hypotheses that can be easily incorporated into scientific...
Instream flow assessment of streams draining the Arbuckle-Simpson Aquifer
Titus S. Seilheimer, William L. Fisher
2008, Report
The availability of high quality water is critical to both humans and ecosystems. A recent proposal was made by rapidly expanding municipalities in central Oklahoma to begin transferring groundwater from the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer, a sensitive sole-source aquifer in south-central Oklahoma. Concerned citizens and municipalities living on and getting their drinking...
Prey of nesting ospreys on the Willamette and Columbia Rivers, Oregon and Washington
Branden L. Johnson, J. L. Kaiser, Charles J. Henny, R. A. Grove
2008, Northwest Science (82) 229-236
To more effectively use ospreys as a biomonitoring tool and to better assess contaminant pathways, the diet of nesting ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) was studied along the lower Columbia and upper mainstem Willamette rivers by evaluating prey remains collected from wire baskets constructed under artificial feeding perches installed near nest...
Efficacy of PIT tags for tracking the terrestrial anurans Rana pipiens and rana sylvatica
S. M. Blomquist, Joseph D. Zydlewski, M.L. Hunter Jr.
2008, Herpetological Review (39) 174-179
[No abstract available]...
Using open hole and cased-hole resistivity logs to monitor gas hydrate dissociation during a thermal test in the mallik 5L-38 research well, Mackenzie Delta, Canada
B.I. Anderson, T. S. Collett, R.E. Lewis, I. Dubourg
2008, Conference Paper, Petrophysics
Gas hydrates, which are naturally occurring ice-like combinations of gas and water, have the potential to provide vast amounts of natural gas from the world's oceans and polar regions. However, producing gas economically from hydrates entails major technical challenges. Proposed recovery methods such as dissociating or melting gas hydrates by...
Decadal-scale changes of pesticides in ground water of the United States, 1993-2003
L. M. Bexfield
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Environmental Quality
Pesticide data for ground water sampled across the United States between 1993-1995 and 2001-2003 by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program were evaluated for trends in detection frequency and concentration. The data analysis evaluated samples collected from a total of 362 wells located in 12 local well networks...
Preliminary report on the 29 July 2008 Mw 5.4 Chino Hills, Eastern Los Angeles Basin, California, earthquake sequence
Egill Hauksson, Karen R. Felzer, Doug Given, Michal Giveon, Susan E. Hough, Kate Hutton, Hiroo Kanamori, Volkan Sevilgen, Shengji Wei, Alan K. Yong
2008, Seismological Research Letters (79) 855-866
The 29 July 2008 Mw 5.4 Chino Hills earthquake was the largest event to occur within the greater Los Angeles metropolitan region since the Mw 6.7 1994 Northridge earthquake. The earthquake was widely felt in a metropolitan region with a population of more than 10 million people and was recorded...
