Chronic wasting disease in a Wisconsin white-tailed deer farm
D.P. Keane, D.J. Barr, P.N. Bochsler, S.M. Hall, T. Gidlewski, K. I. O’Rourke, T.R. Spraker, M.D. Samuel
2008, Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (20) 698-703
In September 2002, chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion disorder of captive and wild cervids, was diagnosed in a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from a captive farm in Wisconsin. The facility was subsequently quarantined, and in January 2006 the remaining 76 deer were depopulated. Sixty animals (79%) were found to...
Plant-herbivore interactions mediated by plant toxicity
Z. Feng, R. Liu, D.L. DeAngelis
2008, Theoretical Population Biology (73) 449-459
We explore the impact of plant toxicity on the dynamics of a plant-herbivore interaction, such as that of a mammalian browser and its plant forage species, by studying a mathematical model that includes a toxin-determined functional response. In this functional response, the traditional Holling Type 2 response is modified to...
Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and inorganic constituents in ambient surface soils, Chicago, Illinois: 2001-2002
R.T. Kay, T.L. Arnold, W.F. Cannon, D. Graham
2008, Soil and Sediment Contamination (17) 221-236
Samples of ambient surface soils were collected from 56 locations in Chicago, Illinois, using stratified random sampling techniques and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds and inorganic constituents. PAHs appear to be derived primarily from combustion of fossil fuels and may be affected by proximity to industrial operations, but...
Buruli ulcer disease prevalence in Benin, West Africa: Associations with land use/cover and the identification of disease clusters
T. Wagner, M.E. Benbow, T.O. Brenden, J. Qi, R. C. Johnson
2008, International Journal of Health Geographics (7)
Background: Buruli ulcer (BU) disease, caused by infection with the environmental mycobacterium M. ulcerans, is an emerging infectious disease in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. Although vectors and modes of transmission remain unknown, it is hypothesized that the transmission of BU disease is associated with human activities in or around...
Evidence for crustal degassing of CF4 and SF6 in Mojave Desert groundwaters
D.A. Deeds, M.K. Vollmer, J.T. Kulongoski, B.R. Miller, J. Muhle, C.M. Harth, J. A. Izbicki, David R. Hilton, R.F. Weiss
2008, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (72) 999-1013
Dissolved tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) concentrations were measured in groundwater samples from the Eastern Morongo Basin (EMB) and Mojave River Basin (MRB) located in the southern Mojave Desert, California. Both CF4 and SF6 are supersaturated with respect to equilibrium with the preindustrial atmosphere at the recharge temperatures and...
New episodes of volcanism at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
Michael P. Poland, Asta Mikijus, Tim R. Orr, J. Sutton, Carl Thornber, David C. Wilson
2008, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (89) 37-38
Mid‐2007 was a time of intense activity at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (see Figure 1). In June, the long‐lived Pu'u 'Ō'ō—Kupaianaha eruption, a dual‐vent system along the east rift zone (ERZ) that has been erupting since 1983 [Heliker et al., 2003], paused due to the outbreak of a new vent farther...
Experience preferences as mediators of the wildlife related recreation participation: Place attachment relationship
D.H. Anderson, D.C. Fulton
2008, Human Dimensions of Wildlife (13) 73-88
The human dimensions literature challenges the notion that settings are simply features and attributes that can be manipulated to satisfy public demand; instead, people view specific recreation settings as unique kinds of places. Land managers provide recreation experience opportunities, but most conventional management frameworks do not allow managers to address...
Cardiopulmonary responses of intratracheally instilled tire particles and constituent metal components
R.R. Gottipolu, E. R. Landa, M.C. Schladweiler, J.K. McGee, A.D. Ledbetter, J.H. Richards, G.J. Wallenborn, U.P. Kodavanti
2008, Inhalation Toxicology (20) 473-484
Tire and brake wear particles contain transition metals, and contribute to near-road PM. We hypothesized that acute cardiopulmonary injury from respirable tire particles (TP) will depend on the amount of soluble metals. Respirable fractions of two types of TP (TP1 and TP2) were analyzed for water...
Validation of daily ring deposition in the otoliths of age-0 channel catfish
P.C. Sakaris, E.R. Irwin
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 212-218
We developed and validated methods for estimating the daily age of age-0 channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Two clutches of channel catfish eggs were hatched in the laboratory; subsequently, one was stocked in a 186-m2 earthen nursery pond and the other in a 757-L outdoor circular tank. Before stocking, subsamples of...
General and specialized media routinely employed for primary isolation of bacterial pathogens of fishes
C. E. Starliper
2008, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (44) 121-132
There are a number of significant diseases among cultured and free-ranging freshwater fishes that have a bacterial etiology; these represent a variety of gram-negative and gram-positive genera. Confirmatory diagnosis of these diseases involves primary isolation of the causative bacterium on bacteriologic media. Frequently used "general" bacteriologic media simply provide the...
The effect of terrace geology on ground-water movement and on the interaction of ground water and surface water on a mountainside near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, USA
T. C. Winter, D.C. Buso, P.C. Shattuck, P. T. Harte, D.A. Vroblesky, D.J. Goode
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 21-32
The west watershed of Mirror Lake in the White Mountains of New Hampshire contains several terraces that are at different altitudes and have different geologic compositions. The lowest terrace (FSE) has 5 m of sand overlying 9 m of till. The two next successively higher terraces (FS2 and FS1) consist...
Estimation of walrus populations on sea ice with infrared imagery and aerial photography
Mark S. Udevitz, D. M. Burn, M.A. Webber
2008, Marine Mammal Science (24) 57-70
Population sizes of ice-associated pinnipeds have often been estimated with visual or photographic aerial surveys, but these methods require relatively slow speeds and low altitudes, limiting the area they can cover. Recent developments in infrared imagery and its integration with digital photography could allow substantially larger areas to be surveyed...
Trace element emissions from spontaneous combustion of gob piles in coal mines, Shanxi, China
Y. Zhao, Jiahua Zhang, C. L. Chou, Y. Li, Z. Wang, Y. Ge, C. Zheng
2008, International Journal of Coal Geology (73) 52-62
The emissions of potentially hazardous trace elements from spontaneous combustion of gob piles from coal mining in Shanxi Province, China, have been studied. More than ninety samples of solid waste from gob piles in Shanxi were collected and the contents of twenty potentially hazardous trace elements (Be, F, V, Cr,...
Compound-specific isotope analysis: Questioning the origins of a trichloroethene plume
S. M. Eberts, C. Braun, S. Jones
2008, Environmental Forensics (9) 85-95
Stable carbon isotope ratios of trichloroethene (TCE), cis-1,2- dichloroethene, and trans-1,2-dichloroethene were determined by use of gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectroscopy to determine whether compound-specific stable carbon isotopes could be used to help understand the origin and history of a TCE groundwater plume in Fort Worth, TX. Calculated ??13C values...
Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska)
J. Fryda, R. B. Blodgett
2008, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 107-120
The vast majority of Emsian gastropods from Limestone Mountain, Medfra B-4 quadrangle, west-central Alaska (Farewell terrane) belong to species with lecithotrophic larval strategy. The present data show that there is no significant difference in the paleobiogeo-graphic distribution of Emsian gastropod genera with lecithotrophic and planktotrophic larval strategies. Numerical analysis of...
New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative
T. Stryker
2008, Conference Paper, International Astronautical Federation - 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008
[No abstract available]...
Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona
P.K. House, P. A. Pearthree, M. E. Perkins
2008, Conference Paper, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America
Late Miocene and early Pliocene sediments exposed along the lower Colorado River near Laughlin, Nevada, contain evidence that establishment of this reach of the river after 5.6 Ma involved flooding from lake spillover through a bedrock divide between Cottonwood Valley to the north and Mohave Valley to the south. Lacustrine...
Significance of detrital zircons in upper Devonian ocean-basin strata of the Sonora allochthon and Lower Permian synorogenic strata of the Mina Mexico foredeep, central Sonora, Mexico
F. G. Poole, G. E. Gehrels, John H. Stewart
2008, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 121-131
U-Pb isotopic dating of detrital zircons from a conglomeratic barite sandstone in the Sonora allochthon and a calciclastic sandstone in the Mina Mexico foredeep of the Minas de Barita area reveals two main age groups in the Upper Devonian part of the Los Pozos Formation, 1.73-1.65 Ga and 1.44-1.42 Ga;...
Integrated impact of tropical cyclones on sea surface chlorophyll in the North Atlantic
M. N. Hanshaw, M.S. Lozier, J.B. Palter
2008, Geophysical Research Letters (35)
Past studies have shown that surface chlorophyll-a concentrations increase in the wake of hurricanes. Given the reported increase in the intensity of North Atlantic hurricanes in recent years, increasing chlorophyll-a concentrations, perhaps an indication of increasing biological productivity, would be an expected consequence. However, in order to understand the impact...
Impairment of the reproductive potential of male fathead minnows by environmentally relevant exposures to 4-nonylphenolf
H.L. Schoenfuss, S.E. Bartell, T.B. Bistodeau, R.A. Cediel, K.J. Grove, Larry Zintek, K. E. Lee, L. B. Barber
2008, Aquatic Toxicology (86) 91-98
The synthetic organic compound 4-nonylphenol (NP) has been detected in many human-impacted surface waters in North America. In this study, we examined the ability of NP to alter reproductive competence in male fathead minnows after a 28 day flow-through exposure in a range of...
Embryo toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin to the wood duck (Aix sponsa)
T.P. Augspurger, D. E. Tillitt, S.J. Bursian, S.D. Fitzgerald, D.E. Hinton, R.T. Di Giulio
2008, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (55) 659-669
We examined the sensitivity of the wood duck (Aix sponsa) embryo to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) by injecting the toxicant into their eggs. Six groups of wood duck eggs (n = 35 to 211 per trial) were injected with 0 to 4600 pg TCDD/g egg between 2003 and 2005. Injections were made...
Do non-native plant species affect the shape of productivity-diversity relationships?
J.M. Drake, E.E. Cleland, M. C. Horner-Devine, E. Fleishman, C. Bowles, M. D. Smith, K. Carney, S. Emery, J. Gramling, D.B. Vandermast, J.B. Grace
2008, American Midland Naturalist (159) 55-66
The relationship between ecosystem processes and species richness is an active area of research and speculation. Both theoretical and experimental studies have been conducted in numerous ecosystems. One finding of these studies is that the shape of the relationship between productivity and species richness varies considerably among ecosystems and at...
Environmental versus genetic influences on growth rates of the corals Pocillopora eydouxi and Porites lobata (Anthozoa: Scleractinia)
L.W. Smith, H.H. Wirshing, A.C. Baker, C. Birkeland
2008, Pacific Science (62) 57-69
Reciprocal transplant experiments of the corals Pocillopora eydouxi Milne Edwards & Haime and Porites lobata Dana were carried out for an 18-month period from September 2004 to March 2006 between two back reef pools on Ofu Island, American Samoa, to test environmental versus genetic effects on skeletal growth rates. Skeletal...
Effectiveness of household reverse-osmosis systems in a Western U.S. region with high arsenic in groundwater
M. Walker, R. L. Seiler, M. Meinert
2008, Science of the Total Environment (389) 245-252
It is well known to the public in Lahontan Valley in rural Nevada, USA, that local aquifers produce water with varied, but sometimes very high concentrations of arsenic (> 4??ppm). As a result, many residents of the area have installed household reverse-osmosis (RO) systems to produce drinking water. We examined...
Reconstructed historical land cover and biophysical parameters for studies of land-atmosphere interactions within the eastern United States
Louis T. Steyaert, R.G. Knox
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (113) 1-27
Over the past 350 years, the eastern half of the United States experienced extensive land cover changes. These began with land clearing in the 1600s, continued with widespread deforestation, wetland drainage, and intensive land use by 1920, and then evolved to the present-day landscape of forest regrowth, intensive agriculture, urban...
