Petrology and geochemistry of primitive lower oceanic crust from Pito Deep: Implications for the accretion of the lower crust at the Southern East Pacific Rise
N.W. Perk, L.A. Coogan, J.A. Karson, E.M. Klein, H.D. Hanna
2007, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (154) 575-590
A suite of samples collected from the uppermost part of the plutonic section of the oceanic crust formed at the southern East Pacific Rise and exposed at the Pito Deep has been examined. These rocks were sampled in situ by ROV and lie beneath a complete upper crustal section providing...
Late quaternary paleoseismology of the southern Steens fault zone, northern Nevada
S. F. Personius, A. J. Crone, M. N. Machette, S. A. Mahan, J.B. Kyung, H. Cisneros, D. J. Lidke
2007, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (97) 1662-1678
The 192-km-long Steens fault zone is the most prominent normal fault system in the northern Basin and Range province of western North America. We use trench mapping and radiometric dating to estimate displacements and timing of the last three surface-rupturing earthquakes (E1-E3) on the southern part of the fault south...
Random forests for classification in ecology
D.R. Cutler, T.C. Edwards Jr., K.H. Beard, A. Cutler, K.T. Hess, J. Gibson, J.J. Lawler
2007, Ecology (88) 2783-2792
Classification procedures are some of the most widely used statistical methods in ecology. Random forests (RF) is a new and powerful statistical classifier that is well established in other disciplines but is relatively unknown in ecology. Advantages of RF compared to other statistical classifiers include (1) very high classification accuracy;...
Responses of California Brown Pelicans to disturbances at a large Oregon roost
Sadie K. Wright, D.D. Roby, R.G. Anthony
2007, Waterbirds (30) 479-487
Numbers of California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus) along the coast of Oregon and Washington have increased sharply in recent years. We identified East Sand Island in the Columbia River estuary as the site of the largest pelican roost within this region. Numbers of pelicans roosting on East Sand Island...
Observations of magnetite dissolution in poorly drained soils
D.A. Grimley, N.K. Arruda
2007, Soil Science (172) 968-982
Dissolution of strongly magnetic minerals is a common and relatively rapid phenomenon in poorly drained soils of the central United States, resulting in low magnetic susceptibility (MS). Low Eh reducing conditions are primarily responsible for magnetic mineral dissolution; a process likely mediated by iron-reducing bacteria in the presence of soil...
Hierarchical spatiotemporal matrix models for characterizing invasions
M.B. Hooten, C. K. Wikle, R.M. Dorazio, J. Andrew Royle
2007, Biometrics (63)
The growth and dispersal of biotic organisms is an important subject in ecology. Ecologists are able to accurately describe survival and fecundity in plant and animal populations and have developed quantitative approaches to study the dynamics of dispersal and population size. Of particular interest are the dynamics of invasive species....
PVTx properties of the CO2-H2O and CO2-H2O-NaCl systems below 647 K: assessment of experimental data and thermodynamic models
Jiawen Hu, Zhenhao Duan, Chen Zhu, I.-M. Chou
2007, Chemical Geology (238) 249-267
Evaluation of CO2 sequestration in formation brine or in seawater needs highly accurate experimental data or models of pressure–volume–temperature-composition (PVTx) properties for the CO2–H2O and CO2–H2O–NaCl systems. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the experimental PVTx properties and the thermodynamic models of these two systems. The following conclusions are drawn from the...
Salt tectonics and shallow subseafloor fluid convection: Models of coupled fluid-heat-salt transport
A. Wilson, C. Ruppel
2007, Geofluids (7) 377-386
Thermohaline convection associated with salt domes has the potential to drive significant fluid flow and mass and heat transport in continental margins, but previous studies of fluid flow associated with salt structures have focused on continental settings or deep flow systems of importance to petroleum exploration. Motivated by recent geophysical...
Occurrence and genetic typing of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in Kamchatka, Russia
S.L. Rudakova, Gael Kurath, E.V. Bochkova
2007, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (75) 1-11
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a well known rhabdoviral pathogen of salmonid fish in North America that has become established in Asia and Europe. On the Pacific coast of Russia, IHNV was first detected in hatchery sockeye from the Kamchatka Peninsula in 2001. Results of virological examinations of over...
Appropriate postfire management for the 2007 Griffith park Fire
Jon E. Keeley
2007, Newsletter of the Los Angeles & San Gabriel Rivers Watershed Council (11) 3-5
No abstract available....
Bedload research international cooperative: BRIC
John R. Gray, Jonathan B. Laronne, Waite Osterkamp
2007, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on River Sedimentation, August 1-4, 2007, Moscow, Russia
No abstract available....
The state of the art in raptor electrocution research: A global review
Robert N. Lehman, P.L. Kennedy, J. A. Savidge
2007, Biological Conservation (136) 159-174
We systematically reviewed the raptor electrocution literature to evaluate study designs and methods used in raptor electrocution research, mitigation, and monitoring, emphasizing original research published in English. Specifically, we wondered if three decades of effort to reduce raptor electrocutions has had positive effects. The majority of literature examined came from...
Strategies to predict metal mobility in surficial mining environments
Kathleen S. Smith
2007, Reviews in Engineering Geology (17) 25-45
This report presents some strategies to predict metal mobility at mining sites. These strategies are based on chemical, physical, and geochemical information about metals and their interactions with the environment. An overview of conceptual models, metal sources, and relative mobility of metals under different geochemical conditions is presented, followed by...
Feedback effects between the food chain and induced defense strategies: Chapter 11
Neil Rooney, K. S. McCann, D.L.G. Noakes
2007, Book chapter, From energetics to ecosystems: The dynamics and structure of ecological systems
No abstract available....
Predicting yellow toadflax infestations in the Flat Tops Wilderness of Colorado
J.R. Sutton, T.J. Stohlgren, K.G. Beck
2007, Biological Invasions (9) 783-793
Understanding species-environment relationships is important to predict the spread of non-native species. Yellow toadflax (Linaria vulgaris Mill.) is an invasive perennial recently found in the Flat Tops Wilderness of the White River National Forest on the western slope of the Colorado Rocky Mountains. We hypothesized yellow toadflax occurrence could be...
Incidence of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in amphibian populations along the northwest coast of North America
M.J. Adams, S. Galvan, D. Reinitz, Rebecca A. Cole, Sanjay Pyare, M. Hahr, P. Govindarajulu
2007, Herpetological Review (38) 430-431
No abstract available....
Oxygen and sulfur isotope systematics of sulfate produced by bacterial and abiotic oxidation of pyrite
N. Balci, Wayne C. Shanks III, B. Mayer, K.W. Mandernack
2007, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (71) 3796-3811
To better understand reaction pathways of pyrite oxidation and biogeochemical controls on ??18O and ??34S values of the generated sulfate in acid mine drainage (AMD) and other natural environments, we conducted a series of pyrite oxidation experiments in the laboratory. Our biological and abiotic experiments were conducted under aerobic conditions...
Killer whales and marine mammal trends in the North Pacific - A re-examination of evidence for sequential megafauna collapse and the prey-switching hypothesis
P.R. Wade, V.N. Burkanov, M.E. Dahlheim, N.A. Friday, L.W. Fritz, Thomas R. Loughlin, S.A. Mizroch, M.M. Muto, D.W. Rice, L. G. Barrett-Lennard, N.A. Black, A.M. Burdin, J. Calambokidis, S. Cerchio, J.K.B. Ford, J.K. Jacobsen, C.O. Matkin, D.R. Matkin, A.V. Mehta, R.J. Small, J.M. Straley, S.M. McCluskey, G.R. VanBlaricom, P.J. Clapham
2007, Marine Mammal Science (23) 766-802
Springer et al. (2003) contend that sequential declines occurred in North Pacific populations of harbor and fur seals, Steller sea lions, and sea otters. They hypothesize that these were due to increased predation by killer whales, when industrial whaling's removal of large whales as a supposed primary food source precipitated...
Diel cycling of zinc in a stream impacted by acid rock drainage: Initial results from a new in situ Zn analyzer
Thomas P. Chapin, David A. Nimick, Chris Gammons, Richard B. Wanty
2007, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (133) 161-167
Recent work has demonstrated that many trace metals undergo dramatic diel (24-h) cycles in near neutral pH streams with metal concentrations reproducibly changing up to 500% during the diel period (Nimick et al., 2003). To examine diel zinc cycles in streams affected by acid rock drainage, we have developed a...
Estimating trend precision and power to detect trends across grouped count data
B. R. Gray, M.M. Burlew
2007, Ecology (88) 2364-2372
Ecologists commonly use grouped or clustered count data to estimate temporal trends in counts, abundance indices, or abundance. For example, the U.S. Breeding Bird Survey data represent multiple counts of birds from within each of multiple, spatially defined routes. Despite a reliance on grouped counts, analytical methods for prospectively estimating...
Potential hazards of environmental contaminants to avifauna residing in the Chesapeake Bay estuary
Barnett A. Rattner, Peter C. McGowan
2007, Waterbirds (30) 63-81
A search of the Contaminant Exposure and Effects-Terrestrial Vertebrates (CEE-TV) database revealed that 70% of the 839 Chesapeake Bay records deal with avian species. Studies conducted on waterbirds in the past 15 years indicate that organochlorine contaminants have declined in eggs and tissues, although p,p'-DDE, total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and...
A cold phase of the East Pacific triggers new phytoplankton blooms in San Francisco Bay
James E. Cloern, Alan D. Jassby, Janet K. Thompson, Kathryn Hieb
2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (104) 18561-18565
Ecological observations sustained over decades often reveal abrupt changes in biological communities that signal altered ecosystem states. We report a large shift in the biological communities of San Francisco Bay, first detected as increasing phytoplankton biomass and occurrences of new seasonal blooms that began in 1999. This phytoplankton increase is...
Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems
Jacob A. Covault, William R. Normark, Brian W. Romans, Stephan A. Graham
2007, Geology (35) 783-786
Contrary to widely used sequence-stratigraphic models, lowstand fans are only part of the turbidite depositional record; our analysis reveals that a comparable volume of coarse-grained sediment has been deposited in California borderland deep-water basins regardless of sea level. Sedimentation rates and periods of...
Differential gene expression induced by exposure of captive mink to fuel oil: A model for the sea otter
Lizabeth Bowen, F. Riva, C. Mohr, B. Aldridge, J. Schwartz, A. Keith Miles, J.L. Stott
2007, EcoHealth (4) 298-309
Free-ranging sea otters are subject to hydrocarbon exposure from a variety of sources, both natural and anthropogenic. Effects of direct exposure to unrefined crude oil, such as that associated with the Exxon Valdez oil spill, are readily apparent. However, the impact of subtle but pathophysiologically relevant concentrations of crude oil...
Sexual selection in the squirrel treefrog Hyla squirella: the role of multimodal cue assessment in female choice
Ryan C. Taylor, Bryant W. Buchanan, Jessie L. Doherty
2007, Animal Behaviour (74) 1753-1763
Anuran amphibians have provided an excellent system for the study of animal communication and sexual selection. Studies of female mate choice in anurans, however, have focused almost exclusively on the role of auditory signals. In this study, we examined the effect of both auditory and visual cues on female choice...
