Construction and testing of a simple and economical soil greenhouse gas automatic sampler
D. Ginting, S.L. Arnold, N.S. Arnold, R.S. Tubbs
2007, Journal of Plant Nutrition (30) 1441-1454
Quantification of soil greenhouse gas emissions requires considerable sampling to account for spatial and/or temporal variation. With manual sampling, additional personnel are often not available to sample multiple sites within a narrow time interval. The objectives were to construct an automatic gas sampler and to compare the accuracy and precision...
A new focus on groundwater-seawater interactions
C. Langevin, W. Sanford, M. Polemio, P. Povinec
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
In summary, the papers in this volume present research by those working from the marine and the terrestrial sides of issues related to SGD and groundwater-seawater interactions. The first part of this paper provides an introduction and background information on the subject of SGD and groundwater-seawater interactions. The second part...
Testing a Mahalanobis distance model of black bear habitat use in the Ouachita Mountains of Oklahoma
E. C. Hellgren, S.L. Bales, M.S. Gregory, David M. Leslie Jr., J. D. Clark
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 924-928
Regional wildlife–habitat models are commonly developed but rarely tested with truly independent data. We tested a published habitat model for black bears (Ursus americanus) with new data collected in a different site in the same ecological region (i.e., Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma, USA). We used a Mahalanobis distance...
Remaining uncertainties in the use of Rn-222 as a quantitative tracer of submarine groundwater discharge
W. C. Burnett, I.R. Santos, Y. Weinstein, P.W. Swarzenski, B. Herut
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
Research performed in many locations over the past decade has shown that radon is an effective tracer for quantifying submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The technique works because both fresh and saline groundwaters acquire radon from the subterranean environment and display activities that are typically orders of magnitude greater than those...
Estuarine response in northeastern Florida Bay to major hurricanes in 2005
Jeff Woods, Mark Zucker
2007, Circular 1306-6I
Hurricanes and tropical storms are critical components of the south Florida hydrologic cycle. These storms cause dramatic and often rapid changes in water level of, salinity of, and discharge into northeastern Florida Bay as well as into adjacent marine estuaries. During 2005, two major hurricanes (Katrina and Wilma) crossed the...
Geotechnical reconnaissance of the Mississippi River Delta flood-protection system after Hurricane Katrina
Ronaldo Luna, David Summers, David Hoffman, J. David Rogers, Adam Sevi, Emitt C. Witt III
2007, Circular 1306-3C
This article presents the post-Hurricane Katrina conditions of the flood-protection system of levees and floodwalls that failed in the environs of the Mississippi River Delta and New Orleans, La. Damage conditions and suggested mechanisms of failure are presented from the geotechnical point of view....
Effects of pitfall trap preservative on collections of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
K.W. McCravy, J.E. Willand
2007, Great Lakes Entomologist (40) 154-165
Effects of six pitfall trap preservatives (5% acetic acid solution, distilled water, 70% ethanol, 50% ethylene glycol solution, 50% propylene glycol solution, and 10% saline solution) on collections of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) were studied in a west-central Illinois deciduous forest from May to October 2005. A total of 819...
Trends in the occurrence of MTBE in drinking water in the Northeast United States
M.J. Moran
2007, Conference Paper, Ground Water Management - Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Assessment, and Remediation Conf
Public water systems in Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, and Rhode Island sampled treated drinking water from 1993-2006 and analyzed the samples for MTBE. The US Geological Survey examined trends in the occurrence of MTBE in drinking water derived from ground water in these States for two near-decadal...
Online catalog of world-wide test sites for the post-launch characterization and calibration of optical sensors
G. Chander, J.B. Christopherson, G. L. Stensaas, P.M. Teillet
2007, Conference Paper, International Astronautical Federation - 58th International Astronautical Congress 2007
In an era when the number of Earth-observing satellites is rapidly growing and measurements from these sensors are used to answer increasingly urgent global issues, it is imperative that scientists and decision-makers rely on the accuracy of Earth-observing data products. The characterization and calibration of these sensors are vital to...
Effects of capillarity and microtopography on wetland specific yield
D. M. Sumner
2007, Wetlands (27) 693-701
Hydrologic models aid in describing water flows and levels in wetlands. Frequently, these models use a specific yield conceptualization to relate water flows to water level changes. Traditionally, a simple conceptualization of specific yield is used, composed of two constant values for above- and below-surface water levels and neglecting the...
Breeding bird territory placement in riparian wet meadows in relation to invasive reed canary grass, Phalaris arundinacea
E.M. Kirsch, B. R. Gray, T.J. Fox, W.E. Thogmartin
2007, Wetlands (27) 644-655
Invasive plants are a growing concern worldwide for conservation of native habitats. In endangered wet meadow habitat in the Upper Midwestern United States, reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) is a recognized problem and its prevalence is more widespread than the better-known invasive wetland plant purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria). Although resource...
Natural restoration of degraded rangeland ecosystem in Heshan hilly land
R. Hai, D. Weibing, W. Jun, Y. Zuoyue, G. Qinfeng
2007, Acta Ecologica Sinica (27) 3593-3600
This study examined the 20-yr trend of natural restoration of a degraded rangeland ecosystem after disturbance in Heshan hilly land. The results showed that herbs and shrubs were the dominant plants in the community and only a small number of the shade-intolerant tree species had invaded, showing the characteristics of...
An automated approach to detecting signals in electroantennogram data
D. H. Slone, B.T. Sullivan
2007, Journal of Chemical Ecology (33) 1748-1762
Coupled gas chromatography/electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) is a widely used method for identifying insect olfactory stimulants present in mixtures of volatiles, and it can greatly accelerate the identification of insect semiochemicals. In GC-EAD, voltage changes across an insect's antenna are measured while the antenna is exposed to compounds eluting from a...
Simultaneous determination of Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) using reversed-phased ion-pairing liquid chromatography with dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
R.E. Wolf, J.M. Morrison, M. B. Goldhaber
2007, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry (22) 1051-1060
A method for the simultaneous determination of Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) species in waters, soil leachates and synthetic bio-fluids is described. The method uses reversed-phase ion-pairing liquid chromatography to separate the chromium species and a dynamic reaction cell (DRC??) equipped ICP-MS for detection of chromium. Separation of the chromium species is...
Loess sedimentation in Tibet: provenance, processes, and link with Quaternary glaciations
Jielun Sun, S.-H. Li, D.R. Muhs, B. Li
2007, Quaternary Science Reviews (26) 2265-2280
Well-preserved loess deposits are found on the foothills of mountains along the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River in southern Tibet. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating is used to determine loess ages by applying the single-aliquot regeneration technique. Geochemical, mineralogical, and granulometric measurements were carried out to allow a...
Forecasting probabilistic seismic shaking for greater Tokyo from 400 years of intensity observations
S.B. Bozkurt, R.S. Stein, S. Toda
2007, Earthquake Spectra (23) 525-546
The long recorded history of earthquakes in Japan affords an opportunity to forecast seismic shaking exclusively from past shaking. We calculate the time-averaged (Poisson) probability of severe shaking by using more than 10,000 intensity observations recorded since AD 1600 in a 350 km-wide box centered on Tokyo. Unlike other hazard-assessment...
Clean coal initiatives in Indiana
B.H. Bowen, M.W. Irwin, F.T. Sparrow, Maria Mastalerz, Z. Yu, R.A. Kramer
2007, International Journal of Energy Sector Management (1) 96-108
Purpose - Indiana is listed among the top ten coal states in the USA and annually mines about 35 million short tons (million tons) of coal from the vast reserves of the US Midwest Illinois Coal Basin. The implementation and commercialization of clean coal technologies is important to the economy...
Predicting the next storm surge flood
B. Stamey, Hongfang Wang, M. Koterba
2007, Sea Technology (48) 10-15
The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), National Weather Services (NWS) Sterling and Wakefield, Weather Forecast Offices (WFO), and the Chesapeake Bay Observing System (CBOS) jointly developed a prototype system of a regional capability to address national problem. The system was developed to integrate high-resolution atmospheric and hydrodynamic and storm...
Improving GPR image resolution in lossy ground using dispersive migration
C.P. Oden, M.H. Powers, D.L. Wright, G.R. Olhoeft
2007, Conference Paper, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
As a compact wave packet travels through a dispersive medium, it becomes dilated and distorted. As a result, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys over conductive and/or lossy soils often result in poor image resolution. A dispersive migration method is presented that combines an inverse dispersion filter with frequency-domain migration. The method...
A simple model for calculating tsunami flow speed from tsunami deposits
B. E. Jaffe, G. Gelfenbuam
2007, Sedimentary Geology (200) 347-361
This paper presents a simple model for tsunami sedimentation that can be applied to calculate tsunami flow speed from the thickness and grain size of a tsunami deposit (the inverse problem). For sandy tsunami deposits where grain size and thickness vary gradually...
Population status of North American green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris
P.B. Adams, C. Grimes, J.E. Hightower, S.T. Lindley, M.L. Moser, M.J. Parsley
2007, Environmental Biology of Fishes (79) 339-356
North American green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, was petitioned for listing under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The two questions that need to be answered when considering an ESA listing are; (1) Is the entity a species under the ESA and if so (2) is the "species" in danger of extinction...
First evidence of egg deposition by walleye (Sander vitreus) in the Detroit River
B.A. Manny, G.W. Kennedy, J.D. Allen, J. R. P. French III
2007, Journal of Great Lakes Research (33) 512-516
The importance of fish spawning habitat in channels connecting the Great Lakes to fishery productivity in those lakes is poorly understood and has not been adequately documented. The Detroit River is a reputed spawning and nursery area for many fish, including walleye (Sander vitreus) that migrate between adjacent Lakes Erie...
Evaluation of an experimental LiDAR for surveying a shallow, braided, sand-bedded river
P.J. Kinzel, C. W. Wright, J. M. Nelson, A.R. Burman
2007, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (133) 838-842
Reaches of a shallow (<1.0m), braided, sand-bedded river were surveyed in 2002 and 2005 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Experimental Advanced Airborne Research LiDAR (EAARL) and concurrently with conventional survey-grade, real-time kinematic, global positioning system technology. The laser pulses transmitted by the EAARL instrument and the return backscatter...
River enhancement in the Upper Mississippi River basin: Approaches based on river uses, alterations, and management agencies
T. K. O’Donnell, D.L. Galat
2007, Restoration Ecology (15) 538-549
The Upper Mississippi River is characterized by a series of locks and dams, shallow impoundments, and thousands of river channelization structures that facilitate commercial navigation between Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Cairo, Illinois. Agriculture and urban development over the past 200 years have degraded water quality and increased the rate of sediment...
Simulation and observations of annual density banding in skeletons of Montastraea (Cnidaria: Scleractinia) growing under thermal stress associated with ocean warming
F.P. Worum, J. P. Carricart-Ganivet, L. Benson, D. Golicher
2007, Limnology and Oceanography (52) 2317-2323
We present a model of annual density banding in skeletons of Montastraea coral species growing under thermal stress associated with an ocean-warming scenario. The model predicts that at sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) <29??C, high-density bands (HDBs) are formed during the warmest months of the year. As temperature rises and oscillates around...
