Paleoecology of the Late Pennsylvanian-age Calhoun coal bed and implications for long-term dynamics of wetland ecosystems
Debra A. Willard, T.L. Phillips, Alicia D. Lesnikowska, William A. DiMichele
2007, International Journal of Coal Geology (69) 21-54
Quantitative plant assemblage data from coal balls, miospores, megaspores, and compression floras from the Calhoun coal bed (Missourian) of the Illinois Basin (USA) are used to interpret spatial and temporal changes in plant communities in the paleo-peat swamp. Coal-ball and miospore floras from the Calhoun coal bed are dominated strongly...
Stream ecosystem response to limestone treatment in acid impacted watersheds of the allegheny plateau
S.E. McClurg, J.T. Petty, P. M. Mazik, J.L. Clayton
2007, Ecological Applications (17) 1087-1104
Restoration programs are expanding worldwide, but assessments of restoration effectiveness are rare. The objectives of our study were to assess current acid-precipitation remediation programs in streams of the Allegheny Plateau ecoregion of West Virginia (USA), identify specific attributes that could and could not be fully restored, and quantify temporal trends...
A simple model for the spatially-variable coastal response to hurricanes
H.F. Stockdon, A. H. Sallenger Jr., R.A. Holman, P.A. Howd
2007, Marine Geology (238) 1-20
The vulnerability of a beach to extreme coastal change during a hurricane can be estimated by comparing the relative elevations of storm-induced water levels to those of the dune or berm. A simple model that defines the coastal response based on these elevations was used to hindcast the potential impact...
The geochemistry of pesticides
Jack E. Barbash
2007, Book chapter, Treatise on geochemistry
The mid-1970s marked a major turning point in human history, for it was at that moment that the ability of the Earth’s ecosystems to absorb most of the biological impacts of human activities appears to have been exceeded by the magnitude of those impacts. This conclusion is based partly upon...
Relationships of cadmium, mercury, and selenium with nutrient reserves of female lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) during winter and spring migration
M.J. Anteau, A. D. Afton, Christine M. Custer, T. W. Custer
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 515-520
Trace elements may have important effects on body condition of ducks during spring migration, because individuals are experiencing energetically costly events (e.g., migration, nutrient reserve accumulation, pair formation, feather molt, and ovarian follicle development). We examined relationships among hepatic cadmium, mercury, and selenium concentrations (microg/g dry wt) and nutrient reserves...
Current-use pesticides and organochlorine compounds in precipitation and lake sediment from two high-elevation national parks in the Western United States
M.A. Mast, W.T. Foreman, S.V. Skaates
2007, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (52) 294-305
Current-use pesticides (CUPs) and banned organochlorine compounds (OCCs) were measured in precipitation (snowpack and rain) and lake sediments from two national parks in the Western United States to determine their occurrence and distribution in high-elevation environments. CUPs frequently detected in snow were endosulfan, dacthal, and chlorothalonil in concentrations ranging from...
Influence of the diversion of Bear River into Bear Lake (Utah and Idaho) on the environment of deposition of carbonate minerals
W.E. Dean, R. M. Forester, Jordon Bright, R.Y. Anderson
2007, Limnology and Oceanography (52) 1094-1111
Bear River, the largest river in the Great Basin, had some of its flow diverted into Bear Lake through a series of canals constructed between 1911 and 1918, turning Bear Lake into a reservoir. The prediversion lake had an unusually high Mg2+ : Ca2+ ratio (38 by weight), which resulted...
Mountaintop island age determines species richness of boreal mammals in the American Southwest
J.K. Frey, M.A. Bogan, Terry L. Yates
2007, Ecography (30) 231-240
Models that describe the mechanisms responsible for insular patterns of species richness include the equilibrium theory of island biogeography and the nonequilibrium vicariance model. The relative importance of dispersal or vicariance in structuring insular distribution patterns can be inferred from these models. Predictions of the alternative models were tested for...
Migration and the use of Autumn, Winter, and Spring roosts by tree bats
Paul M. Cryan, J. P. Veilleux
2007, Book chapter, Bats in forests: Conservation and management
No abstract available....
Lateral spread hazard mapping of the northern Salt Lake Valley, Utah, for a M7.0 scenario earthquake
M.J. Olsen, S.F. Bartlett, B.J. Solomon
2007, Earthquake Spectra (23) 95-113
This paper describes the methodology used to develop a lateral spread-displacement hazard map for northern Salt Lake Valley, Utah, using a scenario M7.0 earthquake occurring on the Salt Lake City segment of the Wasatch fault. The mapping effort is supported by a substantial amount of geotechnical, geologic, and topographic data...
Spatial data infrastructures in management of natural disasters
K.O. Asante, J. P. Verdin, M.P. Crane, S.A. Tokar, James D. Rowland
H. Onsrud, editor(s)
2007, Book chapter, Research and theory in advancing spatial data infrastructure concepts
No abstract available....
Holocene sea-level oscillations and environmental changes on the Eastern Black Sea shelf
E.V. Ivanova, I.O. Murdmaa, A.L. Chepalyga, T. M. Cronin, I.V. Pasechnik, O.V. Levchenko, S. S. Howe, A.V. Manushkina, E.A. Platonova
2007, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (246) 228-259
A multi-proxy study of four sediment cores from the Eastern (Caucasian) Black Sea shelf revealed five transgressive-regressive cycles overprinted on the general trend of glacioeustatic sea-level rise during the last 11,000??14C yr. These cycles are well represented in micro-and macrofossil assemblages, sedimentation rates, and grain size variations. The oldest recovered...
Probabilistic seismic demand analysis using advanced ground motion intensity measures
P. Tothong, N. Luco
2007, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics (36) 1837-1860
One of the objectives in performance-based earthquake engineering is to quantify the seismic reliability of a structure at a site. For that purpose, probabilistic seismic demand analysis (PSDA) is used as a tool to estimate the mean annual frequency of exceeding a specified value of a structural demand parameter (e.g....
A new species of Pentadinium from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey, Pentadinium galileoi
R.H. Sancay, Z. Bati, Lucy E. Edwards, K.I. Ertug
2007, Micropaleontology (52) 537-543
The new gonyaulacoid dinoflagellate Pentadinium galileoi Sancay et al., sp. nov. from the Oligocene-Lower Miocene sediments of Eastern Anatolia has been identified. It is spherical, chordate with prominant discoidal cingulum and distally furcate apical, sulcal, and antapical processes. It has a type P(3???) archeopyle, and periarcheopyle is larger than endoarcheopyle....
Dust deposition on the Mars Exploration Rover Panoramic Camera (Pancam) calibration targets
K.M. Kinch, J. Sohl-Dickstein, J.F. Bell III, J. R. Johnson, W. Goetz, G. A. Landis
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (112)
The Panoramic Camera (Pancam) on the Mars Exploration Rover mission has acquired in excess of 20,000 images of the Pancam calibration targets on the rovers. Analysis of this data set allows estimates of the rate of deposition and removal of aeolian dust on both rovers. During the first 150-170 sols...
Arsenic speciation in arsenic-rich Brazilian soils from gold mining sites under anaerobic incubation
J. W. V. De Mello, J.L. Talbott, J. Scott, William R. Roy, J.W. Stucki
2007, Environmental Science and Pollution Research (14) 388-396
Background. Arsenic speciation in environmental samples is essential for studying toxicity, mobility and bio-transformation of As in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Although the inorganic species As(III) and As(V) have been considered dominant in soils and sediments, organisms are able to metabolize inorganic forms of arsenic into organo-arsenic compounds. Arsenosugars and...
230Th-U dating of surficial deposits using the ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG): A microstratigraphic perspective
K. Maher, J. L. Wooden, J.B. Paces, D. M. Miller
2007, Quaternary International (166) 15-28
We used the sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe reverse-geometry (SHRIMP-RG) to date pedogenic opal using the 230Th–U system. Due to the high-spatial resolution of an ion microprobe (typically 30 μm), regions of pure opal within a sample can be targeted and detrital material can be avoided. In addition, because the technique is non-destructive,...
Occurrence of pesticides in water, sediment, and soil from the Yolo Bypass, California
Kelly L. Smalling, James L. Orlando, Kathryn Kuivila
2007, San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science (5)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential sources of pesticides to the Yolo Bypass, including those that could potentially impact critical life stages of resident fish. To assess direct inputs during inundation, pesticide concentrations were analyzed in water and suspended and bed sediment samples collected from source...
Historical trends in creel limits, length-based limits, and season restrictions for black basses in the United States and Canada
C. Paukert, M. McInerny, Ronald Schultz
2007, Fisheries (32) 62-72
We determined for largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), smallmouth bass (M. dolomeui), and spotted bass (M. punctulatus) historical trends in state- and province-wide creel limits, length limits, and season closures along with the rationale justifying these regulations. Based on data gathered via mail surveys and the Internet, 55 jurisdictions had state-...
Effect of tidal fluctuations on contaminant transfer to the ocean
I.L. Licata, C.D. Langevin, A.M. Dausman
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
Variable-density groundwater flow was simulated to examine the effects that tide has on the coastward migration of a contaminant through a freshwater/saltwater interface and toward a coastal ocean boundary. Simulated ocean tides did not significantly affect the total contaminant mass input to the ocean; however, the difference in tidal and...
Seabird behavior as an indicator of food supplies: Sensitivity across the breeding season
A.M.A. Harding, John F. Piatt, Joel A. Schmutz
2007, Marine Ecology Progress Series (352) 269-274
We used empirical data on the time allocation of common murres Uria aalge in relation to measures of local prey density to examine whether adults provisioning chicks are more sensitive to changes in prey density than birds that are incubating eggs. We hypothesized that seasonal differences in food requirements of...
Tsunami inundation and sediment transport in vicinity of coastal mangrove forest
G. Gelfenbaum, D. Vatvani, B. Jaffe, F. Dekker
2007, Conference Paper, Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
Field measurements from Sumatra of tsunami wave height, erosion and deposition form a comprehensive data set that is tested against the Delft3D tsunami inundation and sediment transport model. Relative agreement between measured and modeled maximum water levels and sediment erosion and accumulation provides confidence that the model is reasonably characterizing...
Acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, and chlorine to glochidia and juveniles of freshwater mussels (Unionidae)
N. Wang, C.G. Ingersoll, D.K. Hardesty, C.D. Ivey, J.L. Kunz, T.W. May, F.J. Dwyer, A.D. Roberts, T. Augspurger, C.M. Kane, R. J. Neves, M.C. Barnhart
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 2036-2047
The objective of the present study was to determine acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, or chlorine to larval (glochidia) and juvenile mussels using the recently published American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard guide for conducting laboratory toxicity tests with freshwater mussels. Toxicity tests were conducted with glochidia (24-...
Assessments of habitat preferences and quality depend on spatial scale and metrics of fitness
A.D. Chalfoun, T. E. Martin
2007, Journal of Applied Ecology (44) 983-992
1. Identifying the habitat features that influence habitat selection and enhance fitness is critical for effective management. Ecological theory predicts that habitat choices should be adaptive, such that fitness is enhanced in preferred habitats. However, studies often report mismatches between habitat preferences and fitness consequences across a wide variety of...
Recent records of alien anurans on the Pacific Island of Guam
M.T. Christy, C.S. Clark, D.E. Gee II, D. Vice, D.S. Vice, M.P. Warner, C.L. Tyrrell, G.H. Rodda, J. A. Savidge
2007, Pacific Science (61) 469-483
Eight anuran species were recorded for the first time in Guam in the period May 2003-December 2005, all apparently the result of arrivals to the island since 2000. Three of the eight species (Rana guentheri, Polypedates megacephalus, and Eleutherodactylus planirostris) had well-established breeding populations by 2005. A further three (Fejevarya...
