Assessing the likely value of gravity and drawdown measurements to constrain estimates of hydraulic conductivity and specific yield during unconfined aquifer testing
Joan B. Blainey, Ty P.A. Ferré, Jeffrey T. Cordova
2007, Water Resources Research (43)
Pumping of an unconfined aquifer can cause local desaturation detectable with high‐resolution gravimetry. A previous study showed that signal‐to‐noise ratios could be predicted for gravity measurements based on a hydrologic model. We show that although changes should be detectable with gravimeters, estimations of hydraulic conductivity and specific yield based on...
Coupled changes in sand grain size and sand transport driven by changes in the upstream supply of sand in the Colorado River: relative importance of changes in bed-sand grain size and bed-sand area
D.J. Topping, D. M. Rubin, T.S. Melis
2007, Sedimentary Geology (202) 538-561
Sand transport in the Colorado River in Marble and Grand canyons was naturally limited by the upstream supply of sand. Prior to the 1963 closure of Glen Canyon Dam, the river exhibited the following four effects of sand supply limitation: (1) hysteresis in sediment concentration, (2) hysteresis in sediment grain...
Measurement of atmospheric mercury species with manual sampling and analysis methods in a case study in Indiana
M.R. Risch, E.M. Prestbo, L. Hawkins
2007, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (184) 285-297
Ground-level concentrations of three atmospheric mercury species were measured using manual sampling and analysis to provide data for estimates of mercury dry deposition. Three monitoring stations were operated simultaneously during winter, spring, and summer 2004, adjacent to three mercury wet-deposition monitoring stations in northern, central, and southern Indiana. The monitoring...
Mixed sediment beach processes: Kachemak Bay, Alaska
P. Ruggiero, P.N. Adams, J.A. Warrick
2007, Conference Paper, Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
Mixed sediment beaches are morphologically distinct from and more complex than either sand or gravel only beaches. Three digital imaging techniques are employed to quantify surficial grain size and bedload sediment transport rates along the mixed sediment beaches of Kachemak Bay, Alaska. Applying digital imaging procedures originally developed for quickly...
The response of spit shapes to wave-angle climates
A.D. Ashton, A.B. Murray, R. Littlewood
2007, Conference Paper, Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
We investigate spit formation and evolution in light of the high-wave-angle instability in shoreline shape arising from a maximizing angle for wave-driven alongshore sediment transport. Single spits emerge in a simple one-contour line numerical model that evolves the coast using morphodynamic feedbacks and a 'climate' of waves approaching the shore...
Downhole receiver function: A case study
K. Mehta, R. Snieder, V. Graizer
2007, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (97) 1396-1403
Receiver function is defined as the spectral ratio of the radial component and the vertical component of the ground motion. It is used to characterize converted waves. We extend the use of the receiver function to downhole data using waves recorded in a borehole, excited by an earthquake of magnitude...
High rates of energy expenditure and water flux in free-ranging Point Reyes mountain beavers Aplodontia rufa phaea
D.E. Crocker, N. Kofahl, G.D. Fellers, N.B. Gates, D.S. Houser
2007, Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (80) 635-642
We measured water flux and energy expenditure in free-ranging Point Reyes mountain beavers Aplodontia rufa phaea by using the doubly labeled water method. Previous laboratory investigations have suggested weak urinary concentrating ability, high rates of water flux, and low basal metabolic rates in this species. However, free-ranging measurements from hygric...
Smallmouth bass and largemouth bass predation on juvenile Chinook salmon and other salmonids in the Lake Washington basin
R.A. Tabor, B.A. Footen, K.L. Fresh, M.T. Celedonia, F. Mejia, D.L. Low, L. Park
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 1174-1188
We assessed the impact of predation by smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu and largemouth bass M. salmoides on juveniles of federally listed Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and other anadromous salmonid populations in the Lake Washington system. Bass were collected with boat electrofishing equipment in the south end of Lake Washington (February-June)...
Molecular ecology of the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus): Genetic and natural history variation in a hybrid zone
M.A. Neubaum, M.R. Douglas, M.E. Douglas, T. J. O'Shea
2007, Journal of Mammalogy (88) 1230-1238
Several geographically distinct mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages of the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) have been documented in North America. Individuals from 2 of these lineages, an eastern and a western form, co-occur within maternity colonies in Colorado. The discovery of 2 divergent mtDNA lineages in sympatry prompted a set...
Dynamics of newly established elk populations
G.A. Sargeant, M.W. Oehler Sr.
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 1141-1148
The dynamics of newly established elk (Cervus elaphus) populations can provide insights about maximum sustainable rates of reproduction, survival, and increase. However, data used to estimate rates of increase typically have been limited to counts and rarely have included complementary estimates of vital rates. Complexities of population dynamics cannot be...
Survival and breeding advantages of larger Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) goslings: Within- and among-cohort variation
J.S. Sedinger, N.D. Chelgren
2007, The Auk (124) 1281-1293
We examined the relationship between mass late in the first summer and survival and return to the natal breeding colony for 12 cohorts (1986-1997) of female Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans). We used Cormack-Jolly-Seber methods and the program MARK to analyze capture-recapture data. Models included two kinds of residuals from...
Risk assessment of water quality in three North Carolina, USA, streams supporting federally endangered freshwater mussels (Unionidae)
S. Ward, T. Augspurger, F.J. Dwyer, C. Kane, C.G. Ingersoll
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 2075-2085
Water quality data were collected from three drainages supporting the endangered Carolina heelsplitter (Lasmigona decorata) and dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon) to determine the potential for impaired water quality to limit the recovery of these freshwater mussels in North Carolina, USA. Total recoverable copper, total residual chlorine, and total ammonia nitrogen...
Effects of flow fluctuations on the spawning habitat of a riverine fish
T.B. Grabowski, J. Jeffery Isely
2007, Southeastern Naturalist (6) 471-478
Shallow-water, lithophilic spawning fishes are among the most vulnerable to anthropogenic fluctuations in water levels. We monitored water levels and environmental conditions at the nest sites of Moxostoma robustum (Robust Redhorse) on a main-channel gravel bar in the Savannah River, GA-SC During the course of the 2005 spawning season, over...
Climate and floods still govern California levee breaks
J.L. Florsheim, M. D. Dettinger
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
Even in heavily engineered river systems, climate still governs flood variability and thus still drives many levee breaks and geomorphic changes. We assemble a 155-year record of levee breaks for a major California river system to find that breaks occurred in 25% of years during the 20th Century. A relation...
Geoarchaeology of stratified paleoindian deposits at the Big Eddy site, Southwest Missouri, U.S.A
E.R. Hajic, R.D. Mandel, J.H. Ray, N.H. Lopinot
2007, Geoarchaeology (22) 891-934
The Big Eddy site (23CE426) in the Sac River valley of southwest Missouri is a rare recorded example of distinctly stratified Early through Late Paleoindian cultural deposits. Early point types recovered from the site include Gainey, Sedgwick, Dalton (fluted and unfluted), San Patrice, Wilson, and Packard. The Paleoindian record at...
Intersex (Testicular Oocytes) in smallmouth bass from the Potomac River and selected nearby drainages
Vicki S. Blazer, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Deborah D. Iwanowicz, David R. Smith, John A. Young, J.D. Hedrick, S.W. Foster, S.J. Reeser
2007, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (19) 242-253
Intersex, or the presence of characteristics of both sexes, in fishes that are normally gonochoristic has been used as an indicator of exposure to estrogenic compounds. In 2003, during health assessments conducted in response to kills and a high prevalence of skin lesions observed in smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu in...
Radiometric calibration status of Landsat-7 and Landsat-5
J. A. Barsi, B. L. Markham, D. L. Helder, G. Chander
2007, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Launched in April 1999, Landsat-7 ETM+ continues to acquire data globally. The Scan Line Corrector in failure in 2003 has affected ground coverage and the recent switch to Bumper Mode operations in April 2007 has degraded the internal geometric accuracy of the data, but the radiometry has been unaffected. The...
Hypoxia tolerance of two centrarchid sunfishes and an introduced cichlid from karstic Everglades wetlands of southern Florida, U.S.A.
P. J. Schofield, W.F. Loftus, M.E. Brown
2007, Journal of Fish Biology (71) 87-99
In this study, the hypoxia tolerance of three Everglades fishes, two native centrarchids (Lepomis gulosus and Lepomis marginatus) and a recently introduced cichlid (Hemichromis letourneuxi), were documented. Aquatic surface respiration (ASR) thresholds were lowest for H. letourneuxi, followed by L. gulosus, then L. marginatus. The ASR thresholds for L. marginatus...
Coordinated analyses of orbital and spirit rover data to characterize surface materials on the cratered plains of Gusev Crater, Mars
K.A. Lichtenberg, R. E. Arvidson, F. Poulet, R.V. Morris, A. Knudson, J.F. Bell, G. Bellucci, J.-P. Bibring, W. H. Farrand, J. R. Johnson, D. W. Ming, P.C. Pinet, A.D. Rogers, S. W. Squyres
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (112)
Comparison of the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit's Pancam (0.4 to 1.0 ??m) and Mars Express Observatoire pour la Mineralogie l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activite?? (OMEGA) (0.4 to 2.5 ??m) spectral reflectance data over Spirit's traverses shows that Gusev cratered plains are dominated by nanophase ferric-oxide-rich dust covering weakly altered basaltic...
Seabird behavior as an indicator of food supplies: Sensitivity across the breeding season
A.M.A. Harding, John F. Piatt, Joel A. Schmutz
2007, Marine Ecology Progress Series (352) 269-274
We used empirical data on the time allocation of common murres Uria aalge in relation to measures of local prey density to examine whether adults provisioning chicks are more sensitive to changes in prey density than birds that are incubating eggs. We hypothesized that seasonal differences in food requirements of...
Tsunami inundation and sediment transport in vicinity of coastal mangrove forest
G. Gelfenbaum, D. Vatvani, B. Jaffe, F. Dekker
2007, Conference Paper, Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
Field measurements from Sumatra of tsunami wave height, erosion and deposition form a comprehensive data set that is tested against the Delft3D tsunami inundation and sediment transport model. Relative agreement between measured and modeled maximum water levels and sediment erosion and accumulation provides confidence that the model is reasonably characterizing...
A deep reef in deep trouble
Charles Menza, M. Kendall, C. Rogers, J. Miller
2007, Continental Shelf Research (27) 2224-2230
The well-documented degradation of shallower reefs which are often closer to land and more vulnerable to pollution, sewage and other human-related stressors has led to the suggestion that deeper, more remote offshore reefs could possibly serve as sources of coral and fish larvae to replenish the shallower reefs. Yet, the...
Acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, and chlorine to glochidia and juveniles of freshwater mussels (Unionidae)
N. Wang, C.G. Ingersoll, D.K. Hardesty, C.D. Ivey, J.L. Kunz, T.W. May, F.J. Dwyer, A.D. Roberts, T. Augspurger, C.M. Kane, R. J. Neves, M.C. Barnhart
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 2036-2047
The objective of the present study was to determine acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, or chlorine to larval (glochidia) and juvenile mussels using the recently published American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard guide for conducting laboratory toxicity tests with freshwater mussels. Toxicity tests were conducted with glochidia (24-...
Assessments of habitat preferences and quality depend on spatial scale and metrics of fitness
A.D. Chalfoun, T. E. Martin
2007, Journal of Applied Ecology (44) 983-992
1. Identifying the habitat features that influence habitat selection and enhance fitness is critical for effective management. Ecological theory predicts that habitat choices should be adaptive, such that fitness is enhanced in preferred habitats. However, studies often report mismatches between habitat preferences and fitness consequences across a wide variety of...
Recent records of alien anurans on the Pacific Island of Guam
M.T. Christy, C.S. Clark, D.E. Gee II, D. Vice, D.S. Vice, M.P. Warner, C.L. Tyrrell, G.H. Rodda, J. A. Savidge
2007, Pacific Science (61) 469-483
Eight anuran species were recorded for the first time in Guam in the period May 2003-December 2005, all apparently the result of arrivals to the island since 2000. Three of the eight species (Rana guentheri, Polypedates megacephalus, and Eleutherodactylus planirostris) had well-established breeding populations by 2005. A further three (Fejevarya...
