Bacterial community structure in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert, Chile
Kevin P. Drees, Julia W. Neilson, Julio L. Betancourt, Jay Quade, David A. Henderson, Barry M. Pryor, Raina M. Maier
2006, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (72) 7902-7908
Soils from the hyperarid Atacama Desert of northern Chile were sampled along an east-west elevational transect (23.75 to 24.70°S) through the driest sector to compare the relative structure of bacterial communities. Analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles from each of the samples revealed that microbial communities from the...
A 36,000-yr vegetation history from the Peloncillo Mountains, southeastern Arizona, USA
Camille A. Holmgren, Julio L. Betancourt, Kate A. Rylander
2006, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (240) 405-422
Basaltic thermals and Subplinian plumes: Constraints from acoustic measurements at Shishaldin volcano, Alaska
Sylvie Vergniolle, Jacqueline Caplan-Auerbach
2006, Bulletin of Volcanology (68) 611-630
The 1999 basaltic eruption of Shishaldin volcano (Alaska, USA) included both Strombolian and Subplinian activity, as well as a “pre-Subplinian” phase interpreted as the local coalescence within a long foam in the conduit. Although few visual observations were made of the eruption, a great deal of information regarding gas velocity,...
Identifying suitable sites for Florida panther reintroduction
Cindy A. Thatcher, Frank T. van Manen, Joseph D. Clark
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 752-763
A major objective of the 1995 Florida Panther (Puma concolor cory) Recovery Plan is the establishment of 2 additional panther populations within the historic range. Our goal was to identify prospective sites for Florida panther reintroduction within the historic range based on quantitative landscape assessments. First, we delineated 86 panther...
Growth and sustainability of black bears at White River National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas
Joseph D. Clark, R. Eastridge
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 1094-1101
The black bear (Ursus americanus) population at White River National Wildlife Refuge is isolated and genetically distinct, but hunting occurs adjacent to refuge boundaries and females with cubs are removed annually for a reintroduction project. We trapped and radiotracked bears to determine level of exploitation and compare methods for estimating...
Genetic analyses of captive Alala (Corvus hawaiiensis) using AFLP analyses
Susan I. Jarvi, Kiara R. Bianchi
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1349
Population level studies of genetic diversity can provide information about population structure, individual genetic distinctiveness and former population size. They are especially important for rare and threatened species like the Alala, where they can be used to assess extinction risks and evolutionary potential. In an ideal situation multiple methods should...
FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization (PostScript Implementation)
U.S. Geological Survey
2006, Techniques and Methods 11-A2
PLEASE NOTE: This now-approved 'FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization (PostScript Implementation)' officially supercedes its earlier (2000) Public Review Draft version (see 'Earlier Versions of the Standard' below). In August 2006, the Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization was officially endorsed by the Federal Geographic Data Committee...
[Book review] Donnelly M.A., Crothers B., Guyer C, Wake M.H., White M.E, (Eds.). Ecology and Evolution in the Tropics ? A Herpetological Perspective, University of Chicago Press, 2005, Pages 675, Price: $45.00, ISBN 0-226-15658-3
R.P. Reynolds
2006, Biological Conservation (127) 128
Animal and vegetation patterns in natural and man-made bog pools: implications for restoration
M. J. Mazerolle, Marie-Pier Poulin, C. Lavoie, L. Rochefort, A. Desrochers, B. Drolet
2006, Freshwater Biology (51) 333-350
1. Peatlands have suffered great losses following drainage for agriculture, forestry, urbanisation, or peat mining, near inhabited areas. We evaluated the faunal and vegetation patterns after restoration of a peatland formerly mined for peat. We assessed whether bog pools created during restoration are similar to natural bog pools...
Comparative dynamics of avian communities across edges and interiors of North American ecoregions
K.K. Karanth, J.D. Nichols, J.R. Sauer, J.E. Hines
2006, Journal of Biogeography (33) 674-682
Aim Based on a priori hypotheses, we developed predictions about how avian communities might differ at the edges vs. interiors of ecoregions. Specifically, we predicted lower species richness and greater local turnover and extinction probabilities for regional edges. We tested these predictions using North American Breeding Bird...
Multiscale patterns of movement in fragmented landscapes and consequences on demography of the snail kite in Florida
J. Martin, J.D. Nichols, W.M. Kitchens, J.E. Hines
2006, Journal of Animal Ecology (75) 527-539
1. Habitat loss and fragmentation are major factors affecting vertebrate populations. A major effect of these habitat alterations is that they reduce movement of organisms. Despite the accepted importance of movement in driving the dynamics of many natural populations, movement of vertebrates in fragmented landscapes have seldom...
Estimating species richness and accumulation by modeling species occurrence and detectability
R.M. Dorazio, J. Andrew Royle, B. Soderstrom, A. Glimskarc
2006, Ecology (87) 842-854
A statistical model is developed for estimating species richness and accumulation by formulating these community-level attributes as functions of model-based estimators of species occurrence while accounting for imperfect detection of individual species. The model requires a sampling protocol wherein repeated observations are made at a collection of sample locations...
Predicting regional abundance of rare grassland birds with a hierarchical spatial count model
W.E. Thogmartin, M. G. Knutson, J.R. Sauer
2006, Condor (108) 25-46
Grassland birds are among the most imperiled groups of birds in North America. Unfortunately, little is known about the location of regional concentrations of these birds, thus regional or statewide conservation efforts may be inappropriately applied, reducing their effectiveness. We identified environmental covariates associated with the abundance of...
Surface elevation dynamics in vegetated Spartina marshes versus unvegetated tidal ponds along the mid-Atlantic coast, USA, with implications to waterbirds
R. Michael Erwin, Donald R. Cahoon, Diann J. Prosser, Geoffrey Sanders, Philippe Hensel
2006, Estuaries and Coasts (29) 96-106
Mid Atlantic coastal salt marshes contain a matrix of vegetation diversified by tidal pools, pannes, and creeks, providing habitats of varying importance to many species of breeding, migrating, and wintering waterbirds. We hypothesized that changes in marsh elevation were not sufficient to keep pace with those of sea level in...
Adventive Hylaeus (Spatulariella Popov) in the New World (Hymenoptera : Apoidea : Colletidae)
J.S. Ascher, P. Ganibino, Sam Droege
2006, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington (108) 237-239
Generalized site occupancy models allowing for false positive and false negative errors
J. Andrew Royle, W.A. Link
2006, Ecology (87) 835-841
Site occupancy models have been developed that allow for imperfect species detection or ?false negative? observations. Such models have become widely adopted in surveys of many taxa. The most fundamental assumption underlying these models is that ?false positive? errors are not possible. That is, one cannot detect a...
Fish-assemblage variation between geologically defined regions and across a longitudinal gradient in the Monkey River Basin, Belize
P.C. Esselman, Mary C. Freeman, C. M. Pringle
2006, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (25) 142-156
Linkages between geology and fish assemblages have been inferred in many regions throughout the world, but no studies have yet investigated whether fish assemblages differ across geologies in Mesoamerica. The goals of our study were to: 1) compare physicochemical conditions and fish-assemblage structure across 2 geologic types in headwaters of...
Importance of riparian forests in urban catchments contingent on sediment and hydrologic regimes
A.H. Roy, Mary C. Freeman, B. J. Freeman, S.J. Wenger, J.L. Meyer, W.E. Ensign
2006, Environmental Management (47) 523-539
Forested riparian corridors are thought to minimize impacts of landscape disturbance on stream ecosystems; yet, the effectiveness of streamside forests in mitigating disturbance in urbanizing catchments is unknown. We expected that riparian forests would provide minimal benefits for fish assemblages in streams that are highly impaired by sediment or hydrologic...
Risk assessment test for lead bioaccessibility to waterfowl in mine-impacted soils
O. Furman, D.G. Strawn, G. H. Heinz, B. Williams
2006, Journal of Environmental Quality (35) 450-458
Due to variations in soil physicochemical properties, species physiology, and contaminant speciation, Pb toxicity is difficult to evaluate without conducting in vivo dose-response studies. Such tests, however, are expensive and time consuming, making them impractical to use in assessment and management of contaminated environments. One possible alternative is...
Optimal regeneration planning for old-growth forest: addressing scientific uncertainty in endangered species recovery through adaptive management
C. T. Moore, M.J. Conroy
2006, Forest Science (52) 155-172
Stochastic and structural uncertainties about forest dynamics present challenges in the management of ephemeral habitat conditions for endangered forest species. Maintaining critical foraging and breeding habitat for the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) requires an uninterrupted supply of old-growth forest. We constructed and optimized a dynamic forest growth...
Combining multistate capture-recapture data with tag recoveries to estimate demographic parameters
W. L. Kendall, P.B. Conn, J.E. Hines
2006, Ecology (87) 169-177
Matrix population models that allow an animal to occupy more than one state over time are important tools for population and evolutionary ecologists. Definition of state can vary, including location for metapopulation models and breeding state for life history models. For populations whose members can be marked and...
Site occupancy models with heterogeneous detection probabilities
J. Andrew Royle
2006, Biometrics (62) 97-102
Models for estimating the probability of occurrence of a species in the presence of imperfect detection are important in many ecological disciplines. In these ?site occupancy? models, the possibility of heterogeneity in detection probabilities among sites must be considered because variation in abundance (and other factors) among sampled sites...
Chlorfenapyr and mallard ducks: Overview, study design, macroscopic effects, and analytical chemistry
P.H. Albers, P. N. Klein, D. E. Green, M. J. Melancon, B.P. Bradley, G. Noguchi
2006, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (25) 438-445
The first commercial pesticide derived from a class of compounds known as halogenated pyrroles was registered for use in the United States in 2001. Chlorfenapyr degrades slowly in soil, sediment, and water and is highly toxic to birds. Information on biochemical or histological endpoints in birds is lacking; therefore, a...
Phosphorus amendment reduces hematological effects of lead in mallards ingesting contaminated sediments
D. J. Hoffman, G. H. Heinz, D. J. Audet
2006, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (50) 421-428
Lead poisoning of waterfowl has been reported for decades in the Coeur d?Alene River Basin (CDARB) in Idaho as a result of the ingestion of lead-contaminated sediments. This study was conducted to determine whether the addition of phosphoric acid to sediments would reduce the bioavailability and toxicity of lead...
A spatially explicit decision support model for restoration of forest bird habitat
D.J. Twedt, W.B. Uihlein III, A.B. Elliott
2006, Conservation Biology (20) 100-110
The historical area of bottomland hardwood forest in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley has been reduced by >75%. Agricultural production was the primary motivator for deforestation; hence, clearing deliberately targeted higher and drier sites. Remaining forests are highly fragmented and hydrologically altered, with larger forest fragments subject to greater...
