Joint analysis of refractions with surface waves: An inverse solution to the refraction-traveltime problem
J. Ivanov, R. D. Miller, J. Xia, D. Steeples, C.B. Park
2006, Geophysics (71)
We describe a possible solution to the inverse refraction-traveltime problem (IRTP) that reduces the range of possible solutions (nonuniqueness). This approach uses a reference model, derived from surface-wave shear-wave velocity estimates, as a constraint. The application of the joint analysis of refractions with surface waves (JARS) method provided a more...
Damped regional-scale stress inversions: Methodology and examples for southern California and the Coalinga aftershock sequence
J.L. Hardebeck, A.J. Michael
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (111)
We present a new focal mechanism stress inversion technique to produce regional-scale models of stress orientation containing the minimum complexity necessary to fit the data. Current practice is to divide a region into small subareas and to independently fit a stress tensor to the focal mechanisms of each subarea. This...
Developing a map of geologically defined site-condition categories for California
C.J. Wills, K.B. Clahan
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 1483-1501
Consideration of site conditions is a vital step in analyzing and predicting earthquake ground motion. The importance of amplification by soil conditions has long been recognized, but though many seismic-instrument sites have been characterized by their geologic conditions, there has been no consistent, simple classification applied to all sites. As...
Ornate box turtle (Terrapene ornata ornata): A technical conservation assessment. [Online]
A. Redder, C.K. Dodd Jr., D. Keinath, D. McDonald, T. Ise
2006, Report
Abstract not supplied at this time...
The Florida Manatee: Biology and Conservation
R.L. Reep, R. K. Bonde
2006, Book
Abstract not supplied at this time...
Electrical resistance sensors record spring flow timing, Grand Canyon, Arizona
E.A. Adams, S. A. Monroe, Abraham E. Springer, K.W. Blasch, D. J. Bills
2006, Ground Water (44) 630-641
Springs along the south rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, are important ecological and cultural resources in Grand Canyon National Park and are discharge points for regional and local aquifers of the Coconino Plateau. This study evaluated the applicability of electrical resistance (ER) sensors for measuring diffuse, low-stage (<1.0 cm)...
Titan: Preliminary results on surface properties and photometry from VIMS observations of the early flybys
B. J. Buratti, Christophe Sotin, R. H. Brown, M.D. Hicks, R. N. Clark, J. A. Mosher, T. B. McCord, R. Jaumann, K. H. Baines, P. D. Nicholson, T. Momary, D.P. Simonelli, B. Sicardy
2006, Planetary and Space Science (54) 1498-1509
Cassini observations of the surface of Titan offer unprecedented views of its surface through atmospheric windows in the 1-5 ??m region. Images obtained in windows for which the haze opacity is low can be used to derive quantitative photometric parameters such as albedo and albedo distribution, and physical properties such...
The role of fire refugia in the distribution of Pinus sabiniana (Pinaceae) in the southern Sierra Nevada
Dylan W. Schwilk, Jon E. Keeley
2006, Madroño (53) 364-372
Although widespread throughout the interior foothills of central and northern California, Pinus sabiniana Dougl. has a disjunct distribution in the southern Sierra Nevada, where it is abundant in the Kern River and Tule River watersheds, but is absent from the Kaweah River watershed between 36° and 37°N. This gap in the pine's...
Saharan dust - A carrier of persistent organic pollutants, metals and microbes to the Caribbean?
V.H. Garrison, W.T. Foreman, S. Genualdi, Dale W. Griffin, C.A. Kellogg, M.S. Majewski, A. Mohammed, A. Ramsubhag, E.A. Shinn, S.L. Simonich, G.W. Smith
2006, Revista de Biología Tropical: International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation (54) 9-21
An international team of scientists from government agencies and universities in the United States, U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), Trinidad & Tobago, the Republic of Cape Verde, and the Republic of Mali (West Africa) is working together to elucidate the role Saharan dust may play in the degradation of Caribbean ecosystems....
Nonlinear dynamics in manatee vocalizations
D.A. Mann, T. J. O'Shea, D.P. Nowacek
2006, Marine Mammal Science (22) 548-555
[No abstract available]...
Fluorspar
M. Miller
2006, Mining Engineering (58) 30-31
In 2005, most of the fourspar consumed in the United States was imported or purchased from the US National Defense Stockpile (NDS). For the year, the estimated annual production of fluorosilicic acid was 49 kt or about 86 kt of 92% flourspar equivalent. Prices increased due to reduced exports from...
Flow-specific trends in river-water quality resulting from the effects of the clean air act in three mesoscale, forested river basins in the northeastern United States through 2002
Peter S. Murdoch, J. B. Shanley
2006, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (120) 1-25
Two new methods for assessing temporal trends in stream-solute concentrations at specific streamflow ranges were applied to long (40 to 50-year) but sparse (bi-weekly to quarterly sampling) stream-water quality data collected at three forested mesoscale basins along an atmospheric deposition gradient in the northeastern United States (one in north-central Pennsylvania,...
Productivity of Black Oystercatchers: Effects of recreational disturbance in a National Park
J.A. Morse, A.N. Powell, M.D. Tetreau
2006, Condor (108) 623-633
National parks in Alaska are generally assumed to be high-quality, undisturbed wildlife habitats. However, these parks attract recreational users, whose presence may reduce the suitability of key habitats for nesting shorebirds. In Kenai Fjords National Park, Black Oystercatchers (Haematopus bachmani) often breed on gravel beaches that are also popular campsites....
Aquatic toxicity of nine aircraft deicer and anti-icer formulations and relative toxicity of additive package ingredients alkylphenol ethoxylates and 4,5-methyl-1H-benzotriazoles
S.R. Corsi, S.W. Geis, J. E. Loyo-Rosales, C.P. Rice
2006, Environmental Science & Technology (40) 7409-7415
Characterization of the effects of aircraft deicer and anti-icer fluid (ADAF) runoff on aquatic organisms in receiving streams is a complex issue because the identities of numerous toxic additives are proprietary and not publicly available. Most potentially toxic and endocrine disrupting effects caused by ADAF are due to the numerous...
Regional processes in mangrove ecosystems: Spatial scaling relationships, biomass, and turnover rates following catastrophic disturbance
G.A. Ward, T. J. Smith III, K.R.T. Whelan, T.W. Doyle
2006, Hydrobiologia (569) 517-527
Physiological processes and local-scale structural dynamics of mangroves are relatively well studied. Regional-scale processes, however, are not as well understood. Here we provide long-term data on trends in structure and forest turnover at a large scale, following hurricane damage in mangrove ecosystems of South Florida, U.S.A. Twelve mangrove vegetation plots...
Canopy reflectance related to marsh dieback onset and progression in Coastal Louisiana
Elijah W. Ramsey III, A. Rangoonwala
2006, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (72) 641-652
In this study, we extended previous work linking leaf spectral changes, dieback onset, and progression of Spartina alterniflora marshes to changes in site-specific canopy reflectance spectra. First, we obtained canopy reflectance spectra (approximately 20 m ground resolution) from the marsh sites occupied during the leaf spectral analyses and from additional...
Fire severity and plant age in postfire resprouting of woody plants in sage scrub and chaparral
Jon E. Keeley
2006, Madroño (53) 373-379
Postfire resprouting by woody plants confers a marked advantage in rate of recovery over species that regenerate entirely from seed. However, the predictability of this advantage varies markedly between species, with some showing nearly 100% rootcrown survival and others often much lower. This study examined patterns of fire-caused mortality and...
A mid-holocene fauna from Bear Den Cave, Sequoia National Park, California
Jim I. Mead, Thomas W. McGinnis, Jon E. Keeley
2006, Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences (105) 43-58
Test excavation of floor fill deposits in the first room in Bear Den Cave, Sequoia National Park, produced fossiliferous sediments down to at least 40 cm depth. Radiocarbon analysis of charcoal from this layer indicates an early-middle Holocene age of 7220 CAL BP. The fossil accumulation represents prey recovered from...
A review of isotopic composition as an indicator of the natural and anthropogenic behavior of mercury
W.I. Ridley, S.J. Stetson
2006, Applied Geochemistry (21) 1889-1899
There are seven stable isotopes of Hg that can be fractionated as a result of inorganic and organic interactions. Important inorganic reactions involve speciation changes resulting from variations in environmental redox conditions, and phase changes resulting from variations in temperature and/or atmospheric pressure. Important organic reactions include methylation and demethylation,...
Recurring waterbird mortalities and unusual etiologies
Rebecca A. Cole, J. Christian Franson
Gerard C. Boere, Colin A. Galbraith, David A. Stroud, editor(s)
2006, Conference Paper, Waterbirds around the world: A global overview of the conservation, management, and research of the world's waterbird flyways
Over the last decade, the National Wildlife Health Center of the United States Geological Survey has documented various largescale mortalities of birds caused by infectious and non-infectious disease agents. Some of these mortality events have unusual or unidentified etiologies and have been recurring. While some of the causes of mortalities...
Dietary exposure of mink (Mustela vison) to fish from the Housatonic River, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, USA: Effects on reproduction, kit growth, and survival
S.J. Bursian, C. Sharma, R.J. Aulerich, B. Yamini, R.R. Mitchell, C.E. Orazio, D.R.J. Moore, S. Svirsky, D. E. Tillitt
2006, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (25) 1533-1540
We evaluated the effects of feeding farm-raised mink (Mustela vison) diets containing polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated fish from the Housatonic River (HR; Berkshire County, MA, USA) on adult reproductive performance and kit growth and survival. Diets contained 0.22-3.54% HR fish, providing 0.34-3.7 ??g total PCBs (TPCB)/g feed wet wt (3.5-68.5 pg...
In kittiwakes food availability partially explains the seasonal decline in humoral immunocompetence
J. Gasparini, A. Roulin, V.A. Gill, Scott A. Hatch, T. Boulinier
2006, Functional Ecology (20) 457-463
The immune system plays an important role in fitness, and interindividual variation in immunocompetence is due to several factors including food supply.Seasonal variation in food resources may therefore explain why immunocompetence in bird nestlings usually declines throughout the breeding season, with chicks born early in the season receiving...
Incised valley fill interpretation for Mississippian Black Hand Sandstone, Appalachian Basin, USA: Implications for glacial eustasy at Kinderhookian-Osagean (Tn2-Tn3) boundary
D.L. Matchen, T. W. Kammer
2006, Sedimentary Geology (191) 89-113
Lower Mississippian strata of east-central Ohio are predominantly fine-grained marine deposits of the Cuyahoga and Logan formations. Within these sediments is the Black Hand Sandstone of the Cuyahoga Formation. The Black Hand Sandstone is a multistory, crossbedded, coarse-grained conglomeratic sandstone. The contact between the Black Hand Sandstone and the subjacent...
Mechanical deformation model of the western United States instantaneous strain-rate field
F. F. Pollitz, M. Vergnolle
2006, Geophysical Journal International (167) 421-444
We present a relationship between the long-term fault slip rates and instantaneous velocities as measured by Global Positioning System (GPS) or other geodetic measurements over a short time span. The main elements are the secularly increasing forces imposed by the bounding Pacific and Juan de Fuca (JdF) plates on the...
Seeing the elephant: Importance of spatial and temporal coverage in a large-scale volunteer-based program to monitor horseshoe crabs
D. R. Smith, S.F. Michels
2006, Fisheries (31) 485-491
As in John Godfrey Saxe's poem about six blind men and an elephant, conclusions drawn from a monitoring program depend critically on where and when observations are made. We examined results from the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) spawning survey to evaluate the effect of spatial and temporal coverage...
