Does anthropogenic nitrogen enrichment increase organic nitrogen concentrations in runoff from forested and human-dominated watersheds?
B.A. Pellerin, S.S. Kaushal, W. H. McDowell
2006, Ecosystems (9) 852-864
Although the effects of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) inputs on the dynamics of inorganic N in watersheds have been studied extensively, "the influence of N enrichment on organic N loss" is not as well understood. We compiled and synthesized data on surface water N concentrations from 348 forested and human-dominated watersheds...
National large-scale urban true orthophoto mapping and its standard initiative
G. Zhou, W. Xie, S. Benjamin, R.G. Fegeas, J. Simmers, H. Cluff, Y. Lei, J. Foust
2006, Conference Paper, ACM International Conference Proceeding Series
[No abstract available]...
Macroinvertebrate assemblage recovery following a catastrophic flood and debris flows in an Appalachian mountain stream
C.D. Snyder, Z.B. Johnson
2006, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (25) 825-840
In June 1995, heavy rains caused severe flooding and massive debris flows on the Staunton River, a 3rd-order stream in the Blue Ridge Mountains (Virginia, USA). Scouring caused the loss of the riparian zone and repositioned the stream channel of the lower 2.1 km of the stream. Between 1998 and...
Feasibility of an implantable capsule for limiting lifespan of grass carp
R.M. Thomas, L.E. Miranda, J.P. Kirk
2006, Journal of Aquatic Plant Management (44) 80-89
The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is an herbivorous cyprinid stocked to control undesirable aquatic vegetation. However, stocking grass carp presents several problems including complete eradication of submersed aquatic vegetation, dispersal out of the target area, adverse effects on fish communities, and damage to waterfowl habitat and native vegetation. The purpose...
Development of standardized lunar regolith simulant materials
P. Carpenter, L. Sibille, S. Wilson, G. Meeker
2006, Conference Paper, Microscopy and Microanalysis
[No abstract available]...
Modeling spatial and temporal variations in temperature and salinity during stratification and overturn in Dexter Pit Lake, Tuscarora, Nevada, USA
Laurie S. Balistrieri, R.N. Tempel, L.L. Stillings, L.A. Shevenell
2006, Applied Geochemistry (21) 1184-1203
This paper examines the seasonal cycling of temperature and salinity in Dexter pit lake in arid northern Nevada, and describes an approach for modeling the physical processes that operate in such systems. The pit lake contains about 596,200 m3 of dilute, near neutral (pHs 6.7–9) water. Profiles of temperature, conductivity, and selected...
Prediction failure of a wolf landscape model
L.D. Mech
2006, Wildlife Society Bulletin (34) 874-877
I compared 101 wolf (Canis lupus) pack territories formed in Wisconsin during 1993-2004 to the logistic regression predictive model of Mladenoff et al. (1995, 1997, 1999). Of these, 60% were located in putative habitat suitabilities <50%, including 22% in suitabilities of 0-9%. About a third of the area with putative...
Local thickening of the Cascadia forearc crust and the origin of seismic reflectors in the uppermost mantle
A.J. Calvert, K. Ramachandran, H. Kao, M. A. Fisher
2006, Tectonophysics (420) 175-188
Seismic reflection profiles from three different surveys of the Cascadia forearc are interpreted using P wave velocities and relocated hypocentres, which were both derived from the first arrival travel time inversion of wide-angle seismic data and local earthquakes. The subduction decollement, which is characterized beneath the continental shelf by a...
Integration of P- and SH-wave high-resolution seismic reflection and micro-gravity techniques to improve interpretation of shallow subsurface structure: New Madrid seismic zone
C.E. Bexfield, J.H. McBride, Andre J. M. Pugin, D. Ravat, S. Biswas, W.J. Nelson, T.H. Larson, S.L. Sargent, M.A. Fillerup, B.E. Tingey, L. Wald, M.L. Northcott, J.V. South, M.S. Okure, M.R. Chandler
2006, Tectonophysics (420) 5-21
Shallow high-resolution seismic reflection surveys have traditionally been restricted to either compressional (P) or horizontally polarized shear (SH) waves in order to produce 2-D images of subsurface structure. The northernmost Mississippi embayment and coincident New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) provide an ideal laboratory to study the experimental use of integrating...
Biomarkers of exposure and effects of environmental contaminants on swallows nesting along the Rio Grande, Texas, USA
M.A. Mora, D. Musquiz, J. W. Bickham, D.S. MacKenzie, M.J. Hooper, J.K. Szabo, C. W. Matson
2006, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (25) 1574-1584
We collected adult cave swallows (Petrochelidon fulva) and cliff swallows (P. pyrrhonota) during the breeding seasons in 1999 and 2000 from eight locations along the Rio Grande from Brownsville to El Paso (unless otherwise specified, all locations are Texas, USA) and an out-of-basin reference location. Body mass, spleen mass, hepatosomatic...
Sea-level and tectonic control of middle to late Pleistocene turbidite systems in Santa Monica Basin, offshore California
W. R. Normark, D.J.W. Piper, R. Sliter
2006, Sedimentology (53) 867-897
Small turbidite systems offshore from southern California provide an opportunity to track sediment from river source through the turbidity-current initiation process to ultimate deposition, and to evaluate the impact of changing sea level and tectonics. The Santa Monica Basin is almost a closed system for terrigenous sediment input, and is...
Multiple injected and natural conservative tracers quantify mixing in a stream confluence affected by acid mine drainage near Silverton, Colorado
L. E. Schemel, M.H. Cox, R.L. Runkel, B. A. Kimball
2006, Hydrological Processes (20) 2727-2743
The acidic discharge from Cement Creek, containing elevated concentrations of dissolved metals and sulphate, mixed with the circumneutral-pH Animas River over a several hundred metre reach (mixing zone) near Silverton, CO, during this study. Differences in concentrations of Ca, Mg, Si, Sr, and SO42- between the creek and the river...
Peak flow responses to landscape disturbances caused by the cataclysmic 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
Jon J. Major, Linda E. Mark
2006, Geological Society of America Bulletin (118) 938-958
Years of discharge measurements that precede and follow the cataclysmic 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, provide an exceptional opportunity to examine the responses of peak flows to abrupt, widespread, devastating landscape disturbance. Multiple basins surrounding Mount St. Helens (300–1300 km2 drainage areas) were variously disturbed by: (1) a debris...
Dynamics of viral hemorrhagic septicemia, viral erythrocytic necrosis and ichthyophoniasis in confined juvenile Pacific herring Clupea pallasii
P. Hershberger, A. Hart, J. Gregg, N. Elder, J. Winton
2006, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (70) 201-208
Capture of wild, juvenile herring Clupea pallasii from Puget Sound (Washington, USA) and confinement in laboratory tanks resulted in outbreaks of viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS), viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN) and ichthyophoniasis; however, the timing and progression of the 3 diseases differed. The VHS epidemic occurred first, characterized by an initially...
Strontium
J.A. Ober
2006, Mining Engineering (58) 57
China, Mexico, Spain and Turkey are the world's leading producers of celestite (strontium sulphate). These countries accounted for 98% of the total world production in 2005. For the same period, US apparent consumption of strontium decreased to 12.3 kt. Imports were 21.2 kt, of which 84% came from Mexico. Imports...
Helium isotopes in ferromanganese crusts from the central Pacific Ocean
S. Basu, F.M. Stuart, V. Klemm, G. Korschinek, K. Knie, J.R. Hein
2006, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (70) 3996-4006
Helium isotopes have been measured in samples of two ferromanganese crusts (VA13/2 and CD29-2) from the central Pacific Ocean. With the exception of the deepest part of crust CD29-2 the data can be explained by a mixture of implanted solar- and galactic cosmic ray-produced (GCR) He, in extraterrestrial grains, and...
Crustal structure of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau from the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the Ordos basin
M. Liu, Walter D. Mooney, S. Li, N. Okaya, Shane T. Detweiler
2006, Tectonophysics (420) 253-266
The 1000-km-long Darlag–Lanzhou–Jingbian seismic refraction profile is located in the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau. This profile crosses the northern Songpan-Ganzi terrane, the Qinling-Qilian fold system, the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region, and the stable Ordos basin. The P-wave and S-wave velocity structure...
Controls of bedrock geochemistry on soil and plant nutrients in Southeastern Utah
J. C. Neff, Richard L. Reynolds, R.L. Sanford Jr., D. Fernandez, Paul J. Lamothe
2006, Ecosystems (9) 879-893
The cold deserts of the Colorado Plateau contain numerous geologically and geochemically distinct sedimentary bedrock types. In the area near Canyonlands National Park in Southeastern Utah, geochemical variation in geologic substrates is related to the depositional environment with higher concentrations of Fe, Al, P, K, and Mg in sediments deposited...
Temperature and kairomone induced life history plasticity in coexisting Daphnia
R. J. Bernot, W. K. Dodds, M.C. Quist, C.S. Guy
2006, Aquatic Ecology (40) 361-372
We investigated the life history alterations of coexisting Daphnia species responding to environmental temperature and predator cues. In a laboratory experiment, we measured Daphnia life history plasticity under different predation risk and temperature treatments that simulate changing environmental conditions. Daphnia pulicaria abundance and size at first reproduction (SFR) declined, while...
One-day rate measurements for estimating net nitrification potential in humid forest soils
D.S. Ross, G. Fredriksen, A.E. Jamison, B.C. Wemple, S.W. Bailey, J. B. Shanley, G.B. Lawrence
2006, Forest Ecology and Management (230) 91-95
Measurements of net nitrification rates in forest soils have usually been performed by extended sample incubation (2-8 weeks), either in the field or in the lab. Because of disturbance effects, these measurements are only estimates of nitrification potential and shorter incubations may suffice. In three separate studies of northeastern USA...
Numerical simulation of tsunami generation by cold volcanic mass flows at Augustine Volcano, Alaska
C. F. Waythomas, P. Watts, J. S. Walder
2006, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (6) 671-685
Many of the world's active volcanoes are situated on or near coastlines. During eruptions, diverse geophysical mass flows, including pyroclastic flows, debris avalanches, and lahars, can deliver large volumes of unconsolidated debris to the ocean in a short period of time and thereby generate tsunamis. Deposits of both hot and...
Evolution of the CD4 family: teleost fish possess two divergent forms of CD4 in addition to lymphocyte activation gene-3
K.J. Laing, J.J. Zou, M. K. Purcell, R. Phillips, C.J. Secombes, J.D. Hansen
2006, Journal of Immunology (177) 3939-3951
The T cell coreceptor CD4 is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the Ig superfamily and is essential for cell-mediated immunity. Two different genes were identified in rainbow trout that resemble mammalian CD4. One (trout CD4) encodes four extracellular Ig domains reminiscent off mammalian CD4, whereas the other (CD4REL) codes for...
Nitrogen dynamics in sediment during water level manipulation on the Upper Mississippi River
Jennifer C. Cavanaugh, William B. Richardson, Eric A. Strauss, Lynn Bartsch
2006, River Research and Applications (22) 651-666
Nitrogen (N) has been linked to increasing eutrophication in the Gulf of Mexico and as a result there is increased interest in managing and improving water quality in the Mississippi River system. Water level reductions, or 'drawdowns', are being used more frequently in large river impoundments to improve vegetation growth...
Mussel dynamics model: A hydroinformatics tool for analyzing the effects of different stressors on the dynamics of freshwater mussel communities
Y. Morales, L.J. Weber, A.E. Mynett, T.J. Newton
2006, Ecological Modelling (197) 448-460
A model for simulating freshwater mussel population dynamics is presented. The model is a hydroinformatics tool that integrates principles from ecology, river hydraulics, fluid mechanics and sediment transport, and applies the individual-based modelling approach for simulating population dynamics. The general model layout, data requirements, and steps of the simulation process...
Response of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) to wind-power development
W. David Walter, David M. Leslie Jr., J.A. Jenks
2006, American Midland Naturalist (156) 363-375
Wind-power development is occurring throughout North America, but its effects on mammals are largely unexplored. Our objective was to determine response (i.e., home-range, diet quality) of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) to wind-power development in southwestern Oklahoma. Ten elk were radiocollared in an area of wind-power development on 31 March...
