A cohabitation challenge to compare the efficacies of vaccines for bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
S. Alcorn, A.L. Murray, R.J. Pascho, J. Varney
2005, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (63) 151-160
The relative efficacies of 1 commercial and 5 experimental vaccines for bacterial kidney disease (BKD) were compared through a cohabitation waterborne challenge. Groups of juvenile chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha were vaccinated with one of the following: (1) killed Renibacterium salmoninarum ATCC 33209 (Rs 33209) cells; (2) killed Rs 33209 cells...
Strange bedfellows - A deep-water hermatypic coral reef superimposed on a drowned barrier island; Southern Pulley Ridge, SW Florida platform margin
B. D. Jarrett, A. C. Hine, R. B. Halley, D. F. Naar, S. D. Locker, A.C. Neumann, D. Twichell, C. Hu, B.T. Donahue, W.C. Jaap, D. Palandro, K. Ciembronowicz
2005, Marine Geology (214) 295-307
The southeastern component of a subtle ridge feature extending over 200 km along the western ramped margin of the south Florida platform, known as Pulley Ridge, is composed largely of a non-reefal, coastal marine deposit. Modern biostromal reef growth caps southern Pulley Ridge (SPR), making it the deepest hermatypic reef...
Estimating contaminant loads in rivers: An application of adjusted maximum likelihood to type 1 censored data
Timothy A. Cohn
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
This paper presents an adjusted maximum likelihood estimator (AMLE) that can be used to estimate fluvial transport of contaminants, like phosphorus, that are subject to censoring because of analytical detection limits. The AMLE is a generalization of the widely accepted minimum variance unbiased estimator (MVUE), and Monte Carlo experiments confirm...
Speciation and transport of newly deposited mercury in a boreal forest wetland: A stable mercury isotope approach
B.A. Branfireun, D. P. Krabbenhoft, H. Hintelmann, R. J. Hunt, J.P. Hurley, J.W.M. Rudd
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
As part of the Mercury Experiment to Assess Atmospheric Loadings in Canada and the United States (METAALICUS) the fate and transport of contemporary mercury (Hg) deposition in a boreal wetland was investigated using an experimentally applied stable mercury isotope. We applied high purity (99.2% ± 0.1) 202Hg(II) to a wetland plot...
Voluminous granitic magmas from common basaltic sources
T. W. Sisson, K. Ratajeski, W.B. Hankins, A. F. Glazner
2005, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (148) 635-661
Granitic-rhyolitic liquids were produced experimentally from moderately hydrous (1.7-2.3 wt% H2O) medium-to-high K basaltic compositions at 700 MPa and f O2 controlled from Ni-NiO -1.3 to +4. Amount and composition of evolved liquids and coexisting mineral assemblages vary with fO2 and temperature, with melt being more evolved at higher fO2s,...
The role of topography on catchment‐scale water residence time
K.J. McGuire, Jeffery J. McDonnell, M. Weiler, C. Kendall, B.L. McGlynn, J.M. Welker, J. Seibert
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
The age, or residence time, of water is a fundamental descriptor of catchment hydrology, revealing information about the storage, flow pathways, and source of water in a single integrated measure. While there has been tremendous recent interest in residence time estimation to characterize watersheds, there are relatively few studies that...
Neotectonics of the offshore Oak Ridge fault near Ventura, southern California
M. A. Fisher, H. Gary Greene, W. R. Normark, R. W. Sliter
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 739-744
The Oak Ridge fault is a large-offset, south-dipping reverse fault that forms the south boundary of the Ventura Basin in southern California. Previous research indicates that the Oak Ridge fault south of the town of Ventura has been inactive since 200-400 ka ago and that the fault tip is buried...
Testing the generality of a trophic-cascade model for plague
S.K. Collinge, W.C. Johnson, C. Ray, R. Matchett, J. Grensten, J.F. Cully Jr., K.L. Gage, M.Y. Kosoy, J.E. Loye, A.P. Martin
2005, EcoHealth (2) 102-112
Climate may affect the dynamics of infectious diseases by shifting pathogen, vector, or host species abundance, population dynamics, or community interactions. Black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) are highly susceptible to plague, yet little is known about factors that influence the dynamics of plague epizootics in prairie dogs. We investigated temporal...
Seismic architecture and lithofacies of turbidites in Lake Mead (Arizona and Nevada, U.S.A.), an analogue for topographically complex basins
D.C. Twichell, V.A. Cross, A.D. Hanson, B.J. Buck, J.G. Zybala, M.J. Rudin
2005, Journal of Sedimentary Research (75) 134-148
Turbidites, which have accumulated in Lake Mead since completion of the Hoover Dam in 1935, have been mapped using high-resolution seismic and coring techniques. This lake is an exceptional natural laboratory for studying fine-grained turbidite systems in complex topographic settings. The lake comprises four relatively broad basins separated by narrow...
Effects of temperature on survival and development of early life stage Pacific and western brook lampreys
M.H. Meeuwig, J.M. Bayer, J.G. Seelye
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 19-27
We examined the effects of temperature (10, 14, 18, and 22??C) on survival and development of Pacific lampreys Lampetra tridentata and western brook lampreys L. richardsoni during embryological and early larval stages. The temperature for zero development was estimated for each species, and the response to temperature was measured as...
The spectral irradiance of the moon
H. H. Kieffer, T.C. Stone
2005, Astronomical Journal (129) 2887-2901
Images of the Moon at 32 wavelengths from 350 to 2450 nm have been obtained from a dedicated observatory during the bright half of each month over a period of several years. The ultimate goal is to develop a spectral radiance model of the Moon with an angular resolution and...
Genotyping of the fish rhabdovirus, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, by restriction fragment length polymorphisms
Katja Einer-Jensen, James R. Winton, Niels Lorenzen
2005, Veterinary Microbiology (106) 167-178
The aim of this study was to develop a standardized molecular assay that used limited resources and equipment for routine genotyping of isolates of the fish rhabdovirus, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). Computer generated restriction maps, based on 62 unique full-length (1524 nt) sequences of the VHSV glycoprotein (G) gene, were...
Atmospheric dry deposition in the vicinity of the Salton Sea, California - II: Measurement and effects of an enhanced evaporation system
R. Alonso, A. Bytnerowicz, J.L. Yee, W.I. Boarman
2005, Atmospheric Environment (39) 4681-4689
A study was conducted to determine the effects of salt spray drift from pilot technologies employed by the US Bureau of Reclamation on deposition rates of various air-born ions. An enhanced evaporation system (EES) was tested in the field at the Salton Sea, California. Dry deposition of NO3-, NH4+, SO42-,...
Transient rheology of the upper mantle beneath central Alaska inferred from the crustal velocity field following the 2002 Denali earthquake
F. F. Pollitz
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (110) 1-16
The M7.9 2002 Denali earthquake, Alaska, is one of the largest strike-slip earthquakes ever recorded. The postseismic GPS velocity field around the 300-km-long rupture is characterized by very rapid horizontal velocity up to ???300 mm/yr for the first 0.1 years and slower but still elevated horizontal velocity up to ???100...
Specificity of a Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron marker for human feces
C.A. Carson, J.M. Christiansen, H. Yampara-Iquise, V.W. Benson, C. Baffaut, Jerri V. Davis, R.R. Broz, W.B. Kurtz, W.M. Rogers, W.H. Fales
2005, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (71) 4945-4949
A bacterial primer set, known to produce a 542-bp amplicon specific for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, generated this product in PCR with 1 ng of extracted DNA from 92% of 25 human fecal samples, 100% of 20 sewage samples, and 16% of 31 dog fecal samples. The marker was not detected in...
Genetic evaluation of a Great Lakes lake trout hatchery program
K.S. Page, K.T. Scribner, D. Bast, M.E. Holey, M. K. Burnham-Curtis
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 872-891
Efforts over several decades to restore lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in U.S. waters of the upper Great Lakes have emphasized the stocking of juveniles from each of six hatchery broodstocks. Retention of genetic diversity across all offspring life history stages throughout the hatchery system has been an important component of...
River nutrient loads and catchment size
S. V. Smith, D.P. Swaney, R. W. Buddemeier, M.R. Scarsbrook, M.A. Weatherhead, Christoph Humborg, H. Eriksson, F. Hannerz
2005, Biogeochemistry (75) 83-107
We have used a total of 496 sample sites to calibrate a simple regression model for calculating dissolved inorganic nutrient fluxes via runoff to the ocean. The regression uses the logarithms of runoff and human population as the independent variables and estimates the logarithms of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus...
The evolution of vertebrate Toll-like receptors
J.C. Roach, G. Glusman, L. Rowen, A. Kaur, M. K. Purcell, K.D. Smith, L.E. Hood, A. Aderem
2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (102) 9577-9582
The complete sequences of Takifugu Toll-like receptor (TLR) loci and gene predictions from many draft genomes enable comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis. Strong selective pressure for recognition of and response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns has maintained a largely unchanging TLR recognition in all vertebrates. There are six major families of vertebrate...
Assembling an ignimbrite: Compositionally defined eruptive packages in the 1912 Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes ignimbrite, Alaska
J. Fierstein, C. J. N. Wilson
2005, Geological Society of America Bulletin (117) 1094-1107
The 1912 Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (VTTS) ignimbrite was constructed from 9 compositionally distinct, sequentially emplaced packages, each with distinct proportions of rhyolite (R), dacite (D), and andesite (A) pumices that permit us to map package boundaries and flow paths from vent to distal extents. Changing pumice proportions and...
Mercury in Eastern Kentucky coals: Geologic aspects and possible reduction strategies
J.C. Hower, C.F. Eble, J.C. Quick
2005, International Journal of Coal Geology (62) 223-236
Mercury emissions from US coal-fired power plants will be regulated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) before the end of the decade. Because of this, the control of Hg in coal is important. Control is fundamentally based on the knowledge of the amounts of Hg in mined, beneficiated, and...
Mapping NEHRP VS30 site classes
T.L. Holzer, A.C. Padovani, M.J. Bennett, T.E. Noce, J. C. Tinsley III
2005, Earthquake Spectra (21) 353-370
Site-amplification potential in a 140-km2 area on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay, California, was mapped with data from 210 seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) soundings. NEHRP VS30 values were computed on a 50-m grid by both taking into account the thickness and using mean values of locally measured...
Solute transport and storage mechanisms in wetlands of the Everglades, south Florida
Judson W. Harvey, James E. Saiers, Jessica T. Newlin
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
Solute transport and storage processes in wetlands play an important role in biogeochemical cycling and in wetland water quality functions. In the wetlands of the Everglades, there are few data or guidelines to characterize transport through the heterogeneous flow environment. Our goal was to conduct a tracer study to help...
Movement patterns of rural and suburban white-tailed deer in Massachusetts
C.R. Gaughan, S. DeStefano
2005, Urban Ecosystems (8) 191-202
We used satellite land cover data and the program FRAGSTATS toquantify land cover types and calculate the amount of forest edge available in suburban and rural regions of northeastern and northwestern Massachusetts. Cover categories included forest cover, open canopy vegetation, and non-deer habitat. We calculated all edge segments where forest...
Epidemiology of fractures in people with severe and profound developmental disabilities
N.R. Glick, M.H. Fischer, D.M. Heisey, G.E. Leverson, D.C. Mann
2005, Osteoporosis International (16) 389-396
Fractures are more prevalent among people with severe and profound developmental disabilities than in the general population. In order to characterize the tendency of these people to fracture, and to identify features that may guide the development of preventive strategies, we analyzed fracture epidemiology in people with severe and profound...
Inland-directed base surge generated by the explosive interaction of pyroclastic flows and seawater at Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat
Marie Edmonds, Richard A. Herd
2005, Geology (33) 245-248
The largest and most intense lava-dome collapse during the eruption of Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, 1995–2004, occurred 12–13 July 2003. The dome collapse involved around 200 × 106 m3 of material and was associated with a phenomenon previously unknown at this volcano. Large pyroclastic flows at the peak of the dome collapse...
