Response of a hydrothermal system to magmatic heat inferred from temporal variations in the complex frequencies of long-period events at Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano, Japan
M. Nakano, Hiroyuki Kumagai
2005, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (147) 233-244
We investigate temporal variations in the complex frequencies (frequency and quality factor Q) of long-period (LP) events that occurred at Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano, central Japan. We analyze LP waveforms observed at this volcano in the period between 1988 and 1995, which covers a seismically active period between 1989 and 1993. Systematic...
Thermal regulation of methane hydrate dissociation: Implications for gas production models
S. Circone, Stephen H. Kirby, Laura A. Stern
2005, Energy and Fuels (19) 2357-2363
Thermal self-regulation of methane hydrate dissociation at pressure, temperature conditions along phase boundaries, illustrated by experiment in this report, is a significant effect with potential relevance to gas production from gas hydrate. In surroundings maintained at temperatures above the ice melting...
Eco-informatics for decision makers advancing a research agenda
J.B. Cushing, T. Wilson, L. Brandt, V. Gregg, S. Spengler, A. Borning, L. Delcambre, G. Bowker, Mike Frame, J. Fulop, C. Hert, E. Hovy, J. Jones, E. Landis, J.L. Schnase, C. Schweik, W. Sonntag
Ludascher B.Raschid L., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics (Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science)
Resource managers often face significant information technology (IT) problems when integrating ecological or environmental information to make decisions. At a workshop sponsored by the NSF and USGS in December 2004, university researchers, natural resource managers, and information managers met to articulate IT problems facing ecology and environmental decision makers. Decision...
Seasonal seismicity at western United States volcanic centers
L.B. Christiansen, S. Hurwitz, M.O. Saar, S. E. Ingebritsen, P. A. Hsieh
2005, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (240) 307-321
We examine 20-yr data sets of seismic activity from 10 volcanic areas in the western United States for annual periodic signals (seasonality), focusing on large calderas (Long Valley caldera and Yellowstone) and stratovolcanoes (Cascade Range). We apply several statistical methods to test for seasonality in the seismic catalogs. In 4...
Relationships of field habitat measurements, visual habitat indices, and land cover to benthic macroinvertebrates in urbanized streams of the Santa Clara Valley, California
S.V. Fend, J.L. Carter, F.R. Kearns
2005, American Fisheries Society Symposium (2005) 193-212
We evaluated several approaches for measuring natural and anthropogenic habitat characteristics to predict benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages over a range of urban intensity at 85 stream sites in the Santa Clara Valley, California. Land cover was summarized as percentage urban land cover and impervious area within upstream buffers and the upstream...
Using multiple chemical indicators to assess sources of nitrate and age of groundwater in a karstic spring basin
Brian Katz, R. Copeland, T. Greenhalgh, R. Ceryak, W. Zwanka
2005, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (11) 333-346
Human health and ecological concerns have arisen due to a steady increase in nitrate-N concentrations during the past 40 years in Fannin Springs (0.3-4.7 mg/L), a regional discharge point with an average flow of >2.8 m3/second (>100 ft3/second) for water from the karstic Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA). Multiple chemical indicators...
A PCR-based diagnostic assay for the detection of Roseovarius crassostreae in Crassostrea virginica affected by juvenile oyster disease (JOD)
A.P. Maloy, B.J. Barber, K.J. Boettcher
2005, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (67) 155-162
We have developed a PCR-assay for the diagnosis of juvenile oyster disease (JOD) based on the detection of Roseovarius crassostreae directly from affected oysters. Species-specific primers are used to amplify the 16S-23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of R. crassostreae, and confirmation of product identity is accomplished by restriction enzyme...
Sediment calibration strategies of Phase 5 Chesapeake Bay watershed model
J. Wu, G.W. Shenk, Jeff P. Raffensperger, D. Moyer, L.C. Linker
Moglen G.E., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges
Sediment is a primary constituent of concern for Chesapeake Bay due to its effect on water clarity. Accurate representation of sediment processes and behavior in Chesapeake Bay watershed model is critical for developing sound load reduction strategies. Sediment calibration remains one of the most difficult components of watershed-scale assessment. This...
Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest
Sammy L. King, T. J. Antrobus
2005, Journal of Vegetation Science (16) 471-478
Question:In floodplain forests, does frequent flooding allow for self-replacement of shade-intolerant tree species or do small canopy gap openings lead to replacement by shade-tolerant tree species?Location:Cache River, Arkansas, US; 55 m a.s.l.Methods:The species, diameter-at-breast height, and elevation of primary gap-maker trees...
Edge and area effects on the occurrence of migrant forest songbirds
T.H. Parker, B.M. Stansberry, C.D. Becker, P. S. Gipson
2005, Conservation Biology (19) 1157-1167
Concerns about forest fragmentation and its conservation implications have motivated numerous studies that investigate the influence of forest patch area and forest edge on songbird distribution patterns. The generalized effects of forest patch size and forest edge on animal distributions is still debatable because forest patch size and forest edge...
Fire suppression impacts on postfire recovery of Sierra Nevada chaparral shrublands
Jon E. Keeley, A.H. Pfaff, H.D. Safford
2005, International Journal of Wildland Fire (14) 255-265
A substantial portion of chaparral shrublands in the southern part of California's Sierra Nevada Mountain Range has never had a recorded fire since record keeping began in 1910. We hypothesised that such long periods without fire are outside the historical range of variability and that when such areas burn, postfire...
Crustal rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet inferred from magnetotelluric data
M.J. Unsworth, A.G. Jones, W. Wei, G. Marquis, S.G. Gokarn, J.E. Spratt, P. Bedrosian, J. Booker, C. Leshou, G. Clarke, L. Shenghui, L. Chanhong, D. Ming, J. Sheng, K. Solon, T. Handong, J. Ledo, B. Roberts
2005, Nature (438) 78-81
The Cenozoic collision between the Indian and Asian continents formed the Tibetan plateau, beginning about 70 million years ago. Since this time, at least 1,400 km of convergence has been accommodated by a combination of underthrusting of Indian and Asian lithosphere, crustal shortening, horizontal extrusion and lithospheric delamination. Rocks exposed...
The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management
G.H. Leavesley, S.L. Markstrom, Roland J. Viger, L.E. Hay
Moglen G.E., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges
The increasing complexity of water- and environmental-resource problems require modeling approaches that incorporate knowledge from a broad range of scientific and software disciplines. To address this need, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed the Modular Modeling System (MMS). MMS is an integrated system of computer software for model development,...
Late Quaternary denudation, Death and Panamint Valleys, eastern California
A. S. Jayko
2005, Earth-Science Reviews (73) 271-289
Late Quaternary denudation rates are constrained from alluvial fans and tributary watersheds in central Death and Panamint Valleys. Preliminary results suggest that the denudation rate is in part a function of the mean watershed elevation. Rainfall increases semi-logarithmically with higher elevation to about 2500 m where it becomes limited by...
Historical backcasting of metal concentrations in the Chattahoochee River, Georgia: Population growth and environmental policy
Klaus Neumann, W.B. Lyons, E.Y. Graham, E. Callender
2005, Applied Geochemistry (20) 2315-2324
The impact of increasing urbanization on the quality of a river system has been investigated by examining the current concentration of trace metals in the Chattahoochee River south of Atlanta, GA, and comparing these to previously published historical sediment data from reservoirs along the river. The lack of historical data...
Applications of 3D hydrodynamic and particle tracking models in the San Francisco bay-delta estuary
P. E. Smith, John M. Donovan, H.F.N. Wong
2005, Conference Paper, World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress
Three applications of three-dimensional hydrodynamic and particle-tracking models are currently underway by the United States Geological Survey in the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary. The first application is to the San Francisco Bay and a portion of the coastal ocean. The second application is to an important, gated control channel called...
Euthanasia of neonatal mice with carbon dioxide
K. Pritchett, D. Corrow, J. Stockwell, A. Smith
2005, Comparative Medicine (55) 275-281
Exposure to carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most prevalent method used to euthanize rodents in biomedical research. The purpose of this study was to determine the time of CO2 exposure required to euthanize neonatal mice (0 to 10 days old). Multiple groups of mice were exposed to 100% CO 2...
A Fall fur-hunt from Maine to New Brunswick, Canada: The 1858 journal of Manly Hardy
W.B. Krohn
2005, Northeastern Naturalist (12) 509-540
Ecologists, conservationists, and others increasingly ask questions that require a reliable understanding of natural conditions in the past. For example, when the US Fish and Wildlife Service proposed to list the Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) under the Federal Endangered Species Act, there was a need to know the historical status...
Model uncertainties of the 2002 update of California seismic hazard maps
T. Cao, M.D. Petersen, A.D. Frankel
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 2040-2057
In this article we present and explore the source and ground-motion model uncertainty and parametric sensitivity for the 2002 update of the California probabilistic seismic hazard maps. Our approach is to implement a Monte Carlo simulation that allows for independent sampling from fault to fault in each simulation. The source-distance...
Volcano surveillance by ACR silver fox
M.C.L. Patterson, A. Mulligair, J. Douglas, J. Robinson, J.S. Pallister
2005, Conference Paper, Collection of Technical Papers - InfoTech at Aerospace: Advancing Contemporary Aerospace Technologies and Their Integration
Recent growth in the business of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) both in the US and abroad has improved their overall capability, resulting in a reduction in cost, greater reliability and adoption into areas where they had previously not been considered. Uses in coastal and border patrol, forestry and agriculture have...
Flow strength of highly hydrated Mg- and Na-sulfate hydrate salts, pure and in mixtures with water ice, with application to Europa
W.B. Durham, L.A. Stern, T. Kubo, S. H. Kirby
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (110) 1-10
We selected two Europan-ice-shell candidate highly hydrated sulfate salts for a laboratory survey of ductile flow properties: MgSO4 ?? 7H2O (epsomite) and Na2SO4 ?? 10H2O (mirabilite), called MS7 and NS10, respectively. Polycrystalline samples in pure form and in mixtures with water ice I were tested using our cryogenic high-pressure creep...
[Book review] Great Basin riparian ecosystems: Ecology, management, and restoration
G.T. Auble
2005, Restoration Ecology (13) 237-238
No abstract available....
Use of individualistic streamflow-vegetation relations along the Fremont River, Utah, USA to assess impacts of flow alteration on wetland and riparian area
G.T. Auble, M. L. Scott, Jonathan M. Friedman
2005, Wetlands (25) 143-154
We analyzed the transverse pattern of vegetation along a reach of the Fremont River in Capitol Reef National Park, Utah, USA using models that support both delineation of wetland extent and projection of the changes in wetland area resulting from upstream hydrologic alteration. We linked stage-discharge relations developed by a...
Evidence of detrimental effects of environmental contaminants on growth and reproductive physiology of white sturgeon in impounded areas of the Columbia River
G.W. Feist, M.A.H. Webb, D.T. Gundersen, E.P. Foster, C.B. Schreck, A.G. Maule, M.S. Fitzpatrick
2005, Environmental Health Perspectives (113) 1675-1682
This study sought to determine whether wild white sturgeon from the Columbia River (Oregon) were exhibiting signs of reproductive endocrine disruption. Fish were sampled in the free-flowing portion of the river (where the population is experiencing reproductive success) and from three reservoirs behind hydroelectric dams (where fish have reduced reproductive...
Interaction of beaver and elk herbivory reduces standing crop of willow
B.W. Baker, D.C.S. Mitchell, H.C. Ducharme, T.R. Stanley, H.R. Peinetti
2005, Ecological Applications (15) 110-118
Populations of beaver and willow have not thrived in riparian environments that are heavily browsed by livestock or ungulates, such as elk. The interaction of beaver and elk herbivory may be an important mechanism underlying beaver and willow declines in this competitive environment. We conducted a field experiment that compared...
