Albedo of the south pole on Mars determined by topographic forcing of atmosphere dynamics
Anthony Colaprete, Jeffrey R. Barnes, Robert M. Haberle, Jeffery L. Hollingsworth, Hugh H. Kieffer, Timothy N. Titus
2005, Nature (435) 184-188
The nature of the martian south polar cap has remained enigmatic since the first spacecraft observations. In particular, the presence of a perennial carbon dioxide ice cap, the formation of a vast area of black ‘slab ice’ known as the Cryptic region and the asymmetric springtime retreat of the cap...
Isolation and cross-familial amplification of 41 microsatellites for the brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis)
G.M.L. Perry, T.L. King, J. St. -Cyr, M. Valcourt, L. Bernatchez
2005, Molecular Ecology Notes (5) 346-351
The brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis; Osteichthyes: Salmonidae) is a phenotypically diverse fish species inhabiting much of North America. But relatively few genetic diagnostic resources are available for this fish species. We isolated 41 microsatellites from S. fontinalis polymorphic in one or more species of salmonid fish. Thirty-seven were polymorphic in...
Utility of Penman-Monteith, Priestley-Taylor, reference evapotranspiration, and pan evaporation methods to estimate pasture evapotranspiration
D. M. Sumner, J.M. Jacobs
2005, Journal of Hydrology (308) 81-104
Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) was measured at 30-min resolution over a 19-month period (September 28, 2000-April 23, 2002) from a nonirrigated pasture site in Florida, USA, using eddy correlation methods. The relative magnitude of measured ETa (about 66% of long-term annual precipitation at the study site) indicates the importance of accurate...
Geochemistry, petrology, and palynology of the Pond Creek coal bed, northern Pike and southern Martin counties, Kentucky
J.C. Hower, L.F. Ruppert, C.F. Eble, W.L. Clark
2005, International Journal of Coal Geology (62) 167-181
The geochemistry, petrology, and palynology of the Duckmantian-age Pond Creek coal bed were investigated in northern Pike and southern Martin counties, eastern Kentucky. The coal bed exhibits significant vertical variation in the investigated geochemical parameters, with many diagenetic overprints of the original geochemistry. Included in the range of geochemical signatures...
Physically modeling operative temperatures and evaporation rates in amphibians
P.E. Bartelt, C.R. Peterson
2005, Journal of Thermal Biology (30) 93-102
(1) We designed a physical model that simulates the thermal and evaporative properties of live Western toads (Bufo boreas). (2) In controlled tests, the model tracked the body temperature of live toads with an average error of 0.3±0.03 °C (test range=4–30 °C). (3) It estimated the evaporative water loss of live toads with...
Seasonal to interannual morphodynamics along a high-energy dissipative littoral cell
P. Ruggiero, G. M. Kaminsky, G. Gelfenbaum, B. Voigt
2005, Journal of Coastal Research (21) 553-578
A beach morphology monitoring program was initiated during summer 1997 along the Columbia River littoral cell (CRLC) on the coasts of northwest Oregon and southwest Washington, USA. This field program documents the seasonal through interannual morphological variability of these high-energy dissipative beaches over a variety of spatial scales. Following the...
Nitrogen controls on ecosystem carbon sequestration: a model implementation and application to Saskatchewan, Canada
J. Liu, D.T. Price, J.M. Chen
2005, Ecological Modelling (186) 178-195
A plant–soil nitrogen (N) cycling model was developed and incorporated into the Integrated BIosphere Simulator (IBIS) of Foley et al. [Foley, J.A., Prentice, I.C., Ramankutty, N., Levis, S., Pollard, D., Sitch, S., Haxeltine, A., 1996. An integrated biosphere model of land surface process, terrestrial carbon balance and vegetation dynamics. Global...
Evaluating mixed samples as a source of error in non-invasive genetic studies using microsatellites
David A. Roon, M.E. Thomas, K.C. Kendall, L.P. Waits
2005, Molecular Ecology (14) 195-201
The use of noninvasive genetic sampling (NGS) for surveying wild populations is increasing rapidly. Currently, only a limited number of studies have evaluated potential biases associated with NGS. This paper evaluates the potential errors associated with analysing mixed samples drawn from multiple animals. Most NGS studies assume that mixed samples...
Episodic incision of the Colorado River in Glen Canyon, Utah
C. D. Garvin, Thomas C. Hanks, R.C. Finkel, A.M. Heimsath
2005, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (30) 973-984
Incision rates of the Colorado River are integral to understanding the development of the Colorado Plateau. Here we calculate episodic incision rates of the Colorado River based on absolute ages of two levels of Quaternary deposits adjacent to Glen Canyon, Utah, along the north flank of Navajo Mountain. Minimum surface...
Taxonomic relationships among Phenacomys voles as inferred by cytochrome b
M.R. Bellinger, S. M. Haig, E.D. Forsman, T.D. Mullins
2005, Journal of Mammalogy (86) 201-210
Taxonomic relationships among red tree voles (Phenacomys longicaudus longicaudus, P. l. silvicola), the Sonoma tree vole (P. pomo), the white-footed vole (P. albipes), and the heather vole (P. intermedius) were examined using 664 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Results indicate specific differences among red tree voles, Sonoma...
Evidence for subsurface water ice in Korolev crater, Mars
John C. Armstrong, Timothy N. Titus, Hugh H. Kieffer
2005, Icarus (174) 360-372
Following the work of Kieffer and Titus (2001, Icarus 154, 162–180), we present results of thermal IR observations of Korolev crater, located at ∼73°">∼73° latitude in the martian northern polar region. Similar to techniques employed by Titus et al. (2003, Science 299, 1048–1050), we...
Burrowing mayflies as indicators of ecosystem health: Status of populations in western Lake Erie, Saginaw Bay and Green Bay
T.A. Edsall, M.T. Bur, O. T. Gorman, J.S. Schaeffer
2005, Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management (8) 107-116
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Environment Canada are supporting the development of indicators of ecosystem health that can be used to report on progress in restoring and maintaining the Great Lakes ecosystem, as called for in the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement between the United States and Canada. One...
Three-dimensional variable-density flow simulation of a coastal aquifer in southern Oahu, Hawaii, USA
S. B. Gingerich, C.I. Voss
2005, Hydrogeology Journal (13) 436-450
Three-dimensional modeling of groundwater flow and solute transport in the Pearl Harbor aquifer, southern Oahu, Hawaii, shows that the readjustment of the freshwater–saltwater transition zone takes a long time following changes in pumping, irrigation, or recharge in the aquifer system. It takes about 50 years for the transition zone to...
An analysis of region-of-influence methods for flood regionalization in the Gulf-Atlantic Rolling Plains
Ken Eng, Gary D. Tasker, P. C. D. Milly
2005, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (41) 135-143
Region-of-influence (RoI) approaches for estimating stream flow characteristics at ungaged sites were applied and evaluated in a case study of the 50-year peak discharge in the Gulf-Atlantic Rolling Plains of the southeastern United States. Linear regression against basin characteristics was performed for each ungaged site considered based on data from...
El Niño and displays of spring-flowering annuals in the Mojave and Sonoran deserts
Janice E. Bowers
2005, Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society (132) 38-49
Although popular and scientific literature frequently assumes a strong connection between El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and good displays of spring-flowering annuals in the southwestern United States, such assumptions are based on anecdotal, short-term evidence. The goals of this study were to identify good wildflower years as objectively as possible, to...
An empirical model for estimating annual consumption by freshwater fish populations
H. Liao, C.L. Pierce, J. G. Larscheid
2005, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (25) 525-532
Population consumption is an important process linking predator populations to their prey resources. Simple tools are needed to enable fisheries managers to estimate population consumption. We assembled 74 individual estimates of annual consumption by freshwater fish populations and their mean annual population size, 41 of which also included estimates of...
Reconnaissance study of late quaternary faulting along Cerro Goden fault zone, western Puerto Rico
P. Mann, C.S. Prentice, J.-C. Hippolyte, N.R. Grindlay, L.J. Abrams, D. Lao-Davila
2005, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (385) 115-137
The Cerro Goden fault zone is associated with a curvilinear, continuous, and prominent topographic lineament in western Puerto Rico. The fault varies in strike from northwest to west. In its westernmost section, the fault is ∼500 m south of an abrupt, curvilinear mountain front separating the 270- to 361-m-high La...
Eastern rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater: Morphology, stratigraphy, and structure
C. W. Poag
2005, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 117-130
This study reexamines seven reprocessed (increased vertical exaggeration) seismic reflection profiles that cross the eastern rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater. The eastern rim is expressed as an arcuate ridge that borders the crater in a fashion typical of the "raised" rim documented in many well preserved complex impact...
Predictability of littoral-zone fish communities through ontogeny in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma-Texas, USA
M.A. Eggleton, R. Ramirez, C.W. Hargrave, K.B. Gido, J.R. Masoner, G.D. Schnell, W.J. Matthews
2005, Environmental Biology of Fishes (73) 21-36
We sampled larval, juvenile and adult fishes from littoral-zone areas of a large reservoir (Lake Texoma, Oklahoma-Texas) (1) to characterize environmental factors that influenced fish community structure, (2) to examine how consistent fish-environment relationships were through ontogeny (i.e., larval vs. juvenile and adult), and (3) to measure the concordance of...
Exposing extinction risk analysis to pathogens: Is disease just another form of density dependence?
Leah R. Gerber, Hamish McCallum, Kevin D. Lafferty, John L. Sabo, Andy Dobson
2005, Ecological Applications (15) 1402-1414
In the United States and several other countries, the development of population viability analyses (PVA) is a legal requirement of any species survival plan developed for threatened and endangered species. Despite the importance of pathogens in natural populations, little attention has been given to host-pathogen dynamics in PVA. To study...
Earthquake and ambient vibration monitoring of the steel-frame UCLA factor building
M.D. Kohler, P.M. Davis, E. Safak
2005, Earthquake Spectra (21) 715-736
Dynamic property measurements of the moment-resisting steel-frame University of California, Los Angeles, Factor building are being made to assess how forces are distributed over the building. Fourier amplitude spectra have been calculated from several intervals of ambient vibrations, a 24-hour period of strong winds, and from the 28 March 2003...
The Shoemaker legacy to the Australian impact record
C.S. Shoemaker, F.A. Macdonald
2005, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences (52) 477-479
No abstract available....
Seismic joint analysis for non-destructive testing of asphalt and concrete slabs
N. Ryden, C.B. Park
2005, Conference Paper, Geotechnical Special Publication
A seismic approach is used to estimate the thickness and elastic stiffness constants of asphalt or concrete slabs. The overall concept of the approach utilizes the robustness of the multichannel seismic method. A multichannel-equivalent data set is compiled from multiple time series recorded from multiple hammer impacts at progressively different...
Leaf fluctuating asymmetry, soil disturbance and plant stress: A multiple year comparison using two herbs, Ipomoea pandurata and Cnidoscolus stimulosus
D.C. Freeman, M. L. Brown, J.J. Duda, J.H. Graraham, J.M. Emlen, A.J. Krzysik, H. Balbach, D.A. Kovacic, J.C. Zak
2005, Ecological Indicators (5) 85-95
We studied Cnidoscolus stimulosus and Ipomoea pandurata, two common herbs of the Fall Line Sandhills to assess their potential as ecosystem level stress indicators. We focused on plants because they are among the most persistent organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. We used developmental instability as an indicator of plant population stress....
Field determination of optimal dates for the discrimination of invasive wetland plant species using derivative spectral analysis
M. Laba, F. Tsai, Danielle Ogurcak, S. Smith, M. E. Richmond
2005, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (71) 603-611
Mapping invasive plant species in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems helps to understand the causes of their progression, manage some of their negative consequences, and control them. In recent years, a variety of new remote-sensing techniques, like Derivative Spectral Analysis (DSA) of hyperspectral data, have been developed to facilitate this mapping....
