Advantageous GOES IR results for ash mapping at high latitudes: Cleveland eruptions 2001
Yingxin Gu, William I. Rose Jr., D.J. Schneider, G.J.S. Bluth, I.M. Watson
2005, Geophysical Research Letters (32) 1-5
The February 2001 eruption of Cleveland Volcano, Alaska allowed for comparisons of volcanic ash detection using two‐band thermal infrared (10–12 μm) remote sensing from MODIS, AVHRR, and GOES 10. Results show that high latitude GOES volcanic cloud sensing the range of about 50 to 65°N is significantly enhanced. For the...
Generation of ethylene tracer by noncatalytic pyrolysis of natural gas at elevated pressure
Y. Lu, S. Chen, M. Rostam-Abadi, R. Ruch, D. Coleman, L.J. Benson
2005, Energy and Fuels (19) 123-129
There is a critical need within the pipeline gas industry for an inexpensive and reliable technology to generate an identification tag or tracer that can be added to pipeline gas to identify gas that may escape and improve the deliverability and management of gas in underground storage fields. Ethylene is...
Assessment of regional management strategies for controlling seawater intrusion
E.G. Reichard, T.A. Johnson
2005, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (131) 280-291
Simulation-optimization methods, applied with adequate sensitivity tests, can provide useful quantitative guidance for controlling seawater intrusion. This is demonstrated in an application to the West Coast Basin of coastal Los Angeles that considers two management options for improving hydraulic control of seawater intrusion: increased injection into barrier wells and in...
Topography and vegetation as predictors of snow water equivalent across the alpine treeline ecotone at Lee Ridge, Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.
C. A. Geddes, Daniel G. Brown, Daniel B. Fagre
2005, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (37) 197-205
We derived and implemented two spatial models of May snow water equivalent (SWE) at Lee Ridge in Glacier National Park, Montana. We used the models to test the hypothesis that vegetation structure is a control on snow redistribution at the alpine treeline ecotone (ATE). The statistical models were derived using...
Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer observations of Iapetus: Detection of CO2
B. J. Buratti, D. P. Cruikshank, R. H. Brown, R. N. Clark, J.M. Bauer, R. Jaumann, T. B. McCord, D.P. Simonelli, C. A. Hibbitts, G. B. Hansen, T.C. Owen, K. H. Baines, G. Bellucci, J.-P. Bibring, F. Capaccioni, P. Cerroni, A. Coradini, P. Drossart, V. Formisano, Y. Langevin, D. L. Matson, V. Mennella, R.M. Nelson, P. D. Nicholson, B. Sicardy, Christophe Sotin, T. L. Roush, K. Soderlund, A. Muradyan
2005, Astrophysical Journal (622)
The Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) instrument aboard the Cassini spacecraft obtained its first spectral map of the satellite lapetus in which new absorption bands are seen in the spectra of both the low-albedo hemisphere and the H2O ice-rich hemisphere. Carbon dioxide is identified in the low-albedo material, probably...
Tropical to mid-latitude snow and ice accumulation, flow and glaciation on Mars
J.W. Head, G. Neukum, R. Jaumann, H. Hiesinger, E. Hauber, M. Carr, P. Masson, B. Foing, H. Hoffmann, M. Kreslavsky, S. Werner, S. Milkovich, S. Van Gasselt
2005, Nature (434) 346-351
Images from the Mars Express HRSC (High-Resolution Stereo Camera) of debris aprons at the base of massifs in eastern Hellas reveal numerous concentrically ridged lobate and pitted features and related evidence of extremely ice-rich glacier-like viscous flow and sublimation. Together with new evidence for recent ice-rich rock glaciers at the...
Observer variability in pinniped counts: Ground-based enumeration of walruses at haul-out sites
Mark S. Udevitz, C.V. Jay, M.B. Cody
2005, Marine Mammal Science (21) 108-120
Pinnipeds are often monitored by counting individuals at haul-out sites, but the often large numbers of densely packed individuals at these sites are difficult to enumerate accurately. Errors in enumeration can induce bias and reduce precision in estimates of population size and trend. We used data from paired observers monitoring...
Sm-Nd dating of fluorite from the worldclass Montroc fluorite deposit, southern Massif Central, France
M. Munoz, W. R. Premo, P. Courjault-Rade
2005, Mineralium Deposita (39) 970-975
A three-point Sm-Nd isotope isochron on fluorite from the very large Montroc fluorite vein deposit (southern Massif Central, France) defines an age of 111??13 Ma. Initial ??Nd of -8.6 and initial 87Sr/86Sr of ???0.71245 suggest an upper crustal source of the hydrothermal system, in agreement with earlier work on fluid...
Prey consumption and energy transfer by marine birds in the Gulf of Alaska
G.L. Hunt Jr., G.S. Drew, J. Jahncke, John F. Piatt
2005, Conference Paper, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography
We investigated prey consumption by marine birds and their contribution to cross-shelf fluxes in the northern Gulf of Alaska. We utilized data from the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database for modeling energy demand and prey consumption. We found that prey consumption by marine birds was much greater over the continental...
Variability in vegetation effects on density and nesting success of grassland birds
Maiken Winter, Douglas H. Johnson, Jill A. Shaffer
2005, Journal of Wildlife Management (69) 185-197
The structure of vegetation in grassland systems, unlike that in forest systems, varies dramatically among years on the same sites, and among regions with similar vegetation. The role of this variation in vegetation structure on bird density and nesting success of grassland birds is poorly understood, primarily because few studies...
Bioeconomic analysis of selected conservation practices on soil erosion and freshwater fisheries
John Westra, J. K. H. Zimmerman, Bruce C. Vondracek
2005, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (41) 309-322
Farmers can generate environmental benefits (improved water quality and fisheries and wildlife habitat), but they may not be able to quantify them. Furthermore, farmers may reduce their incomes from managing lands to produce these positive externalities but receive little monetary compensation in return. This study simulated the relationship between agricultural...
Calculation of broadband time histories of ground motion, Part II: Kinematic and dynamic modeling using theoretical Green's functions and comparison with the 1994 northridge earthquake
S. Hartzell, Mariagiovanna Guatteri, P.M. Mai, P.-C. Liu, M. R. Fisk
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 614-645
In the evolution of methods for calculating synthetic time histories of ground motion for postulated earthquakes, kinematic source models have dominated to date because of their ease of application. Dynamic models, however, which incorporate a physical relationship between important faulting parameters of stress drop, slip, rupture velocity, and rise time,...
Quaternary geomorphology and modern coastal development in response to an inherent geologic framework: An example from Charleston, South Carolina
M.S. Harris, P. T. Gayes, J. L. Kindinger, J. G. Flocks, D.E. Krantz, P. Donovan
2005, Journal of Coastal Research (21) 49-64
Coastal landscapes evolve over wide-ranging spatial and temporal scales in response to physical and biological processes that interact with a wide range of variables. To develop better predictive models for these dynamic areas, we must understand the influence of these variables on coastal morphologies and ultimately how they...
Problems with sampling desert tortoises: A simulation analysis based on field data
J.E. Freilich, R.J. Camp, J.J. Duda, A.E. Karl
2005, Journal of Wildlife Management (69) 45-56
The desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) was listed as a U.S. threatened species in 1990 based largely on population declines inferred from mark-recapture surveys of 2.59-km2 (1-mi2) plots. Since then, several census methods have been proposed and tested, but all methods still pose logistical or statistical difficulties. We conducted computer simulations...
Seasonal marine growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in relation to competition with Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscho) and the 1977 ocean regime shift
Gregory T. Ruggerone, Ed Farley, Jennifer L. Nielsen, Peter Hagen
2005, Fishery Bulletin (103) 355-370
Recent research demonstrated significantly lower growth and survival of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) during odd-numbered years of their second or third years at sea (1975, 1977, etc.), a trend that was opposite that of Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) abundance. Here we evaluated seasonal growth trends of Kvichak...
Recruitment variability of alewives in Lake Michigan
C.P. Madenjian, T.O. Hook, E.S. Rutherford, D.M. Mason, T.E. Croley II, E.B. Szalai, J.R. Bence
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 218-230
We used a long-term series of observations on alewife Alosa pseudoharengus abundance that was based on fall bottom-trawl catches to assess the importance of various abiotic and biotic factors on alewife recruitment in Lake Michigan during 1962–2002. We first fit a basic Ricker spawner–recruit model to the lakewide biomass estimates of age-3...
Forest turnover rates follow global and regional patterns of productivity
N.L. Stephenson, P. J. van Mantgem
2005, Ecology Letters (8) 524-531
Using a global database, we found that forest turnover rates (the average of tree mortality and recruitment rates) parallel broad-scale patterns of net primary productivity. First, forest turnover was higher in tropical than in temperate forests. Second, as recently demonstrated by others, Amazonian forest turnover was higher on fertile than...
Petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry of mined coals, western Venezuela
Paul C. Hackley, Peter D. Warwick, Eligio Gonzalez
2005, International Journal of Coal Geology (63) 68-97
Upper Paleocene to middle Miocene coal samples collected from active mines in the western Venezuelan States of Táchira, Mérida and Zulia have been characterized through an integrated geochemical, mineralogical and petrographic investigation. Proximate, ultimate, calorific and forms of sulfur values, major and trace element, vitrinite reflectance, maceral concentrations and mineral...
Animating the biodynamics of soil thickness using process vector analysis: A dynamic denudation approach to soil formation
D.L. Johnson, J.E.J. Domier, D.N. Johnson
2005, Geomorphology (67) 23-46
This paper expands the dynamic denudation framework of landscape evolution by providing new process insights and details on how soil and its signature morphological feature, the biomantle, form and function in the environment. We examine soils and their biomantles from disparate parts of the world, from the tropics through midlatitudes...
Resilience of predators to fishing pressure on coral patch reefs
R.E. Schroeder, J.D. Parrish
2005, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (321) 93-107
Numbers and biomass of piscivorous fish and their predation on other fish may often be high in undisturbed coral reef communities. The effects of such predation have sometimes been studied by removal of piscivores (either experimentally or by fishermen). Such perturbations have usually involved removal of large, highly vulnerable, mobile...
Dating floodplain sediments using tree-ring response to burial
Jonathan M. Friedman, K.R. Vincent, P.B. Shafroth
2005, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (30) 1077-1091
Floodplain sediments can be dated precisely based on the change in anatomy of tree rings upon burial. When a stem of tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima) or sandbar willow (Salix exigua) is buried, subsequent annual rings in the buried section resemble the rings of roots: rings become narrower, vessels within the rings...
A new species of Ischyodus (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali: Callorhynchidae) from Upper Maastrichtian Shallow marine facies of the Fox Hills and Hell Creek Formations, Williston basin, North Dakota, USA
J.W. Hoganson, J.M. Erickson
2005, Palaeontology (48) 709-721
A new species of chimaeroid, Ischyodus rayhaasi sp. nov., is described based primarily upon the number and configuration of tritors on palatine and mandibular tooth plates. This new species is named in honour of Mr Raymond Haas. Fossils of I. rayhaasi have been recovered from the Upper Maastrichtian Fox Hills...
Effects of drought on shrub survival and longevity in the northern Sonoran Desert
Janice E. Bowers
2005, Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society (132) 421-431
Effects of drought on shrub survival and longevity in the northern Sonoran Desert. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 421–431. 2005.—Permanent vegetation plots in the northern Sonoran Desert, USA, provided an opportunity to assess the effects of recent drought on desert shrubs and to examine survival in relation to rainfall variability...
Population genetic structure and conservation of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus)
Vicki L. Friesen, T.P. Birt, John F. Piatt, R.T. Golightly, S. H. Newman, P.N. Hebert, B.C. Congdon, G. Gissing
2005, Conservation Genetics (6) 607-614
Marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) are coastal seabirds that nest from California to the Aleutian Islands. They are declining and considered threatened in several regions. We compared variation in the mitochondrial control region, four nuclear introns and three microsatellite loci among 194 murrelets from throughout their range except Washington and Oregon....
Peatlands and green frogs: A relationship regulated by acidity?
M. J. Mazerolle
2005, Écoscience (12) 60-67
The effects of site acidification on amphibian populations have been thoroughly addressed in the last decades. However, amphibians in naturally acidic environments, such as peatlands facing pressure from the peat mining industry, have received little attention. Through two field studies and an experiment, I assessed the use of bog habitats...
