A statistical approach to estimate the 3D size distribution of spheres from 2D size distributions
M. Kong, R.N. Bhattacharya, C. James, A. Basu
2005, Geological Society of America Bulletin (117) 244-249
Size distribution of rigidly embedded spheres in a groundmass is usually determined from measurements of the radii of the two-dimensional (2D) circular cross sections of the spheres in random flat planes of a sample, such as in thin sections or polished slabs. Several methods have been devised to find a...
Variability in vegetation effects on density and nesting success of grassland birds
Maiken Winter, Douglas H. Johnson, Jill A. Shaffer
2005, Journal of Wildlife Management (69) 185-197
The structure of vegetation in grassland systems, unlike that in forest systems, varies dramatically among years on the same sites, and among regions with similar vegetation. The role of this variation in vegetation structure on bird density and nesting success of grassland birds is poorly understood, primarily because few studies...
Aroclor 1254 exposure reduces disease resistance and innate immune responses in fasted arctic charr
A.G. Maule, E.H. Jorgensen, M.M. Vijayan, J.-E.A. Killie
2005, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (24) 117-124
To examine the immunological impacts of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in an environmentally relevant way, we orally contaminated Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) with Aroclor 1254. After contamination, fish were either fed (0 and 100 mg Aroclor 1254 kg-1 fish wt) or fasted (0, 1, 10, and 100 mg kg-1) to mimic...
Geographical variation of St. Lucia Parrot flight vocalizations
Patrick M. Kleeman, James D. Gilardi
2005, Condor (107) 62-68
Parrots are vocal learners and many species of parrots are capable of learning new calls, even as adults. This capability gives parrots the potential to develop communication systems that can vary dramatically over space. St. Lucia Parrot (Amazona versicolor) flight vocalizations were examined for geographic variation between four different sites...
Relationships between recapture rates from different gears for estimating walleye abundance in northern Wisconsin lakes
M.W. Rogers, M.J. Hansen, T.D. Beard Jr.
2005, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (25) 195-202
Maximizing sampling efficiency and reducing sampling costs are desirable goals for fisheries management agencies. Expensive and labor-intensive methods (such as mark-recapture) are commonly used to estimate the population abundance of walleye Sander vitreus, but more efficient methods may be available. We compared recapture rates from surveys and harvests to evaluate...
Host population persistence in the face of introduced vector-borne diseases: Hawaii amakihi and avian malaria
B.L. Woodworth, C. T. Atkinson, D.A. Lapointe, P.J. Hart, C.S. Spiegel, E.J. Tweed, C. Henneman, J. LeBrun, T. Denette, R. DeMots, K.L. Kozar, D. Triglia, Dan Lease, A. Gregor, T. Smith, D. Duffy
2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (102) 1531-1536
The past quarter century has seen an unprecedented increase in the number of new and emerging infectious diseases throughout the world, with serious implications for human and wildlife populations. We examined host persistence in the face of introduced vector-borne diseases in Hawaii, where introduced avian malaria and introduced vectors have...
Primary production in an impounded baldcypress swamp (Taxodium distichum) at the northern limit of the range
B.A. Middleton, K.L. McKee
2005, Conference Paper, Wetlands Ecology and Management
The ability of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum)swamps to maintain themselves near the northern limit of their range depends on their levels of production, which is not only are response to climate but also to local environmental factors(e.g., impoundment). We asked if primary production was reduced under impounded conditions and if species'...
The severity of Whirling disease among wild trout corresponds to the differences in genetic composition of tubifex tubifex populations in Central Colorado
K.A. Beauchamp, G.O. Kelley, R.B. Nehring, R.P. Hedrick
2005, Journal of Parasitology (91) 53-60
We analyzed the geographic distribution of Tubifex tubifex from various river drainages in central Colorado by genetic screening with specific mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA (mt 16S rDNA) markers. Four distinct mt 16S rDNA lineages are evident. The sites varied with respect to land- and water-use practices. All sites represented habitats...
New data for Late Pleistocene Pinedale alpine glaciation from southwestern Colorado
L. Benson, R. Madole, G. Landis, J. Gosse
2005, Quaternary Science Reviews (24) 49-65
New cosmogenic surface-exposure ages of moraine-crest boulders from southwestern Colorado are compared with published surface-exposure ages of boulders from moraine complexes in north-central Colorado and in west-central (Fremont Lake basin) Wyoming. 10Be data sets from the three areas were scaled to a single 10Be production rate of 5.4 at/g/yr at...
Shelf-edge deltas and drowned barrier-island complexes on the northwest Florida outer continental shelf
J.V. Gardner, P. Dartnell, L. A. Mayer, Clarke J.E. Hughes, B.R. Calder, G. Duffy
2005, Geomorphology (64) 133-166
A high-resolution multibeam survey of the northwest Florida shelf mapped six relict shelf-edge deltas, each with a drowned barrier-island system developed on its south and southwestern rims. The deltas appear to have formed during periods of sea-level stasis that occurred between 58,000 and 28,000 years ago. The barrier islands formed...
Drought effects on water quality in the South Platte River Basin, Colorado
Lori A. Sprague
2005, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (41) 11-24
Twenty-three stream sites representing a range of forested, agricultural, and urban land uses were sampled in the South Platte River Basin of Colorado from July through September 2002 to characterize water quality during drought conditions. With a few exceptions, dissolved ammonia, Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, and dissolved orthophosphate concentrations were...
Kinematics, mechanics, and potential earthquake hazards for faults in Pottawatomie County, Kansas, USA
G.C. Ohlmacher, P. Berendsen
2005, Tectonophysics (396) 227-244
Many stable continental regions have subregions with poorly defined earthquake hazards. Analysis of minor structures (folds and faults) in these subregions can improve our understanding of the tectonics and earthquake hazards. Detailed structural mapping in Pottawatomie County has revealed a suite consisting of two uplifted blocks aligned along a northeast...
Record of the North American southwest monsoon from Gulf of Mexico sediment cores
R.Z. Poore, M.J. Pavich, H. D. Grissino-Mayer
2005, Geology (33) 209-212
Summer monsoonal rains (the southwest monsoon) are an important source of moisture for parts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Improved documentation of the variability in the southwest monsoon is needed because changes in the amount and seasonal distribution of precipitation in this semiarid region of North America...
Cultural change in the songs of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) from Tonga
N. Eriksen, L.A. Miller, J. Tougaard, D.A. Helweg
2005, Behaviour (142) 305-328
Some humpback whales migrate annually from Antarctic feeding grounds to the seas around the Tongan Islands to give birth and mate. The Tongan humpbacks are considered part of Southern Hemisphere Group V that splits during migration, some swimming to Eastern Australia and others to various Polynesian Islands. During this time...
Dissolution of cinnabar (HgS) in the presence of natural organic matter
J.S. Waples, K. L. Nagy, G. R. Aiken, J. N. Ryan
2005, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (69) 1575-1588
Cinnabar (HgS) dissolution rates were measured in the presence of 12 different natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolates including humic, fulvic, and hydrophobic acid fractions. Initial dissolution rates varied by 1.3 orders of magnitude, from 2.31 × 10−13 to 7.16 × 10−12 mol Hg (mg C)−1 m−2s−1. Rates correlate positively with three DOM...
Calculation of broadband time histories of ground motion, Part II: Kinematic and dynamic modeling using theoretical Green's functions and comparison with the 1994 northridge earthquake
S. Hartzell, Mariagiovanna Guatteri, P.M. Mai, P.-C. Liu, M. R. Fisk
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 614-645
In the evolution of methods for calculating synthetic time histories of ground motion for postulated earthquakes, kinematic source models have dominated to date because of their ease of application. Dynamic models, however, which incorporate a physical relationship between important faulting parameters of stress drop, slip, rupture velocity, and rise time,...
Seasonal marine growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in relation to competition with Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscho) and the 1977 ocean regime shift
Gregory T. Ruggerone, Ed Farley, Jennifer L. Nielsen, Peter Hagen
2005, Fishery Bulletin (103) 355-370
Recent research demonstrated significantly lower growth and survival of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) during odd-numbered years of their second or third years at sea (1975, 1977, etc.), a trend that was opposite that of Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) abundance. Here we evaluated seasonal growth trends of Kvichak...
Naturally occurring secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism in cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) from Central Texas
David N. Phalen, Mark L. Drew, C. Contreras, K. Roset, Miguel A. Mora
2005, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (41) 401-415
Naturally occurring secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism is described in the nestlings of two colonies of cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) from Central Texas (Bryan and San Antonio, Texas, USA). Nestlings from a third colony (Waco, Texas, USA) were collected in a subsequent year for comparison. Birds from the first two colonies consistently...
Bedrock erosion surface beneath the rocky flats alluvial fan, Jefferson and Boulder counties, Colorado
D. H. Knepper Jr.
2005, Mountain Geologist (42) 1-10
The early Pleistocene Rocky Flats alluvial fan formed at the mouth of unglaciated Coal Creek Canyon along the eastern flank of the Colorado Front Range. The fan consists of boulder, cobble, and pebble gravel deposited on an erosional surface cut on tilted Mesozoic sedimentary strata. A north-trending hogback of steeply...
Evaluating single-pass catch as a tool for identifying spatial pattern in fish distribution
Douglas S. Bateman, Robert E. Gresswell, Christian E. Torgersen
2005, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (20) 335-345
We evaluate the efficacy of single-pass electrofishing without blocknets as a tool for collecting spatially continuous fish distribution data in headwater streams. We compare spatial patterns in abundance, sampling effort, and length-frequency distributions from single-pass sampling of coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) to data obtained from a more...
Vertical motions of the Puerto Rico Trench and Puerto Rico and their cause
Uri S. ten Brink
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (110) 1-16
The Puerto Rico trench exhibits great water depth, an extremely low gravity anomaly, and a tilted carbonate platform between (reconstructed) elevations of +1300 m and -4000 m. I argue that these features are manifestations of large vertical movements of a segment of the Puerto Rico trench, its forearc, and the...
The Muralla Pircada: an ancient Andean debris flow retention dam, Santa Rita B archaeological site, Chao Valley, Northern Peru
William E. Brooks, Jason C. Willett, Jonathan D. Kent, Victor Vasquez, Teresa Rosales
2005, Landslides (2) 117-123
Debris flows caused by El Niño events, earthquakes, and glacial releases have affected northern Perú for centuries. The Muralla Pircada, a northeast-trending, 2.5 km long stone wall east of the Santa Rita B archaeological site (Moche-Chimú) in the Chao Valley, is field evidence that ancient Andeans recognized and, more importantly, attempted...
Changes in productivity and contaminants in bald eagles nesting along the lower Columbia River, USA
J.A. Buck, R.G. Anthony, C.A. Schuler, F.B. Isaacs, D. E. Tillitt
2005, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (24) 1779-1792
Previous studies documented poor productivity of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in the lower Columbia River (LCR), USA, and elevated p,p???-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, and furans in eagle eggs. From 1994 to 1995, we collected partially incubated eggs at 19 of 43 occupied territories along the LCR and compared...
Gonadal development of larval male Xenopus laevis exposed to atrazine in outdoor microcosms
A.M. Jooste, L.H. Du Preez, J.A. Carr, J. P. Giesy, T. S. Gross, R.J. Kendall, E.E. Smith, G. L. Van Der Kraak, K.R. Solomon
2005, Environmental Science & Technology (39) 5255-5261
The potential effects of atrazine on gonadal development in metamorphs and subadults of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) were studied under conditions of natural photoperiod and temperatures in outdoor microcosms from August 2002 to June 2003 in South Africa. Triplicate 1100 L microcosms for each nominal concentration of 0.0,...
Historical shoreline changes along the US Gulf of Mexico: A summary of recent shoreline comparisons and analyses
R.A. Morton, T. Miller, L. Moore
2005, Journal of Coastal Research (21) 704-709
The US Geological Survey is systematically analyzing historical shoreline changes along open-ocean sandy shores of the United States. This National Assessment of Shoreline Change Project is developing standard repeatable methods for mapping and analyzing shoreline movement so that internally consistent updates can periodically be made to record coastal erosion and...
