Basal tissue structure in the earliest euconodonts: Testing hypotheses of developmental plasticity in euconodont phylogeny
X.-P. Dong, P.C.J. Donoghue, J.E. Repetski
2005, Palaeontology (48) 411-421
The hypothesis that conodonts are vertebrates rests solely on evidence of soft tissue anatomy. This has been corroborated by microstructural, topological and developmental evidence of homology between conodont and vertebrate hard tissues. However, these conclusions have been reached on the basis of evidence from highly derived euconodont taxa and the...
An analysis of region-of-influence methods for flood regionalization in the Gulf-Atlantic Rolling Plains
Ken Eng, Gary D. Tasker, P. C. D. Milly
2005, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (41) 135-143
Region-of-influence (RoI) approaches for estimating stream flow characteristics at ungaged sites were applied and evaluated in a case study of the 50-year peak discharge in the Gulf-Atlantic Rolling Plains of the southeastern United States. Linear regression against basin characteristics was performed for each ungaged site considered based on data from...
Taxonomic relationships among Phenacomys voles as inferred by cytochrome b
M.R. Bellinger, S. M. Haig, E.D. Forsman, T.D. Mullins
2005, Journal of Mammalogy (86) 201-210
Taxonomic relationships among red tree voles (Phenacomys longicaudus longicaudus, P. l. silvicola), the Sonoma tree vole (P. pomo), the white-footed vole (P. albipes), and the heather vole (P. intermedius) were examined using 664 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Results indicate specific differences among red tree voles, Sonoma...
Physically modeling operative temperatures and evaporation rates in amphibians
P.E. Bartelt, C.R. Peterson
2005, Journal of Thermal Biology (30) 93-102
(1) We designed a physical model that simulates the thermal and evaporative properties of live Western toads (Bufo boreas). (2) In controlled tests, the model tracked the body temperature of live toads with an average error of 0.3±0.03 °C (test range=4–30 °C). (3) It estimated the evaporative water loss of live toads with...
Do wintering Harlequin Ducks forage nocturnally at high latitudes?
Daniel Rizzolo, Daniel Esler, Daniel D. Roby, Robert L. Jarvis
2005, Condor (107) 173-177
We monitored radio-tagged Harlequin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) to determine whether nocturnal feeding was part of their foraging strategy during winter in south-central Alaska. Despite attributes of our study site (low ambient temperatures, harsh weather, short day length) and study species (small body size, high daytime foraging rates) that would be...
Slicing up the San Francisco Bay Area: Block kinematics and fault slip rates from GPS-derived surface velocities
M. A. d'Alessio, I.A. Johanson, R. Burgmann, D.A. Schmidt, M.H. Murray
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (110) 1-19
Observations of surface deformation allow us to determine the kinematics of faults in the San Francisco Bay Area. We present the Bay Area velocity unification (BA??VU??, "bay view"), a compilation of over 200 horizontal surface velocities computed from campaign-style and continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) observations from 1993 to 2003....
Cortisol receptor blockade and seawater adaptation in the euryhaline teleost Fundulus heteroclitus
W.S. Marshall, R.R.F. Cozzi, Ryan M. Pelis, S. D. McCormick
2005, Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Comparative Experimental Biology (303) 132-142
To examine the role of cortisol in seawater osmoregulation in a euryhaline teleost, adult killifish were acclimated to brackish water (10???) and RU486 or vehicle was administered orally in peanut oil daily for five days at low (40 mg.kg-1) or high dose (200 mg.kg-1). Fish were transferred to 1.5 x...
Development of ground-motion prediction equations relevant to shallow-mining-induced seismicity in the Trial Mountain area, Emery County, Utah
Art McGarr, Joe B. Fletcher
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 31-47
To provide a basis for assessing the seismic hazard to the Joes Valley Dam due to future coal mining in the nearby Cottonwood Tract, central Utah, we developed ground-motion prediction relations using data recorded by a seismic network, established and operated by the University of Utah Seismograph Stations. The network...
"Sour gas" hydrothermal jarosite: Ancient to modern acid-sulfate mineralization in the southern Rio Grande Rift
V.W. Lueth, R. O. Rye, L. Peters
2005, Chemical Geology (215) 339-360
As many as 29 mining districts along the Rio Grande Rift in southern New Mexico contain Rio Grande Rift-type (RGR) deposits consisting of fluorite-barite??sulfide-jarosite, and additional RGR deposits occur to the south in the Basin and Range province near Chihuahua, Mexico. Jarosite occurs in many of these deposits as a...
A method for the use of landscape metrics in freshwater research and management
F.R. Kearns, N.M. Kelly, J.L. Carter, V.H. Resh
2005, Landscape Ecology (20) 113-125
Freshwater research and management efforts could be greatly enhanced by a better understanding of the relationship between landscape-scale factors and water quality indicators. This is particularly true in urban areas, where land transformation impacts stream systems at a variety of scales. Despite advances in landscape quantification methods, several studies...
Catastrophic meltwater discharge down the Hudson Valley: A potential trigger for the Intra-Allerød cold period
Jeffrey P. Donnelly, Neal W. Driscoll, Elazar Uchupi, Loyd D. Keigwin, William C. Schwab, E. Robert Thieler, Stephen A. Swift
2005, Geology (33) 89-92
Glacial freshwater discharge to the Atlantic Ocean during deglaciation may have inhibited oceanic thermohaline circulation, and is often postulated to have driven climatic fluctuations. Yet attributing meltwater-discharge events to particular climate oscillations is problematic, because the location, timing, and amount of meltwater discharge are often poorly constrained. We present evidence...
Assessing contaminant sensitivity of endangered and threatened aquatic species: Part I. Acute toxicity of five chemicals
F.J. Dwyer, F.L. Mayer, L.C. Sappington, D.R. Buckler, C.M. Bridges, I.E. Greer, D.K. Hardesty, C.E. Henke, C.G. Ingersoll, J.L. Kunz, D.W. Whites, T. Augspurger, D.R. Mount, K. Hattala, G.N. Neuderfer
2005, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (48) 143-154
Assessment of contaminant impacts to federally identified endangered, threatened and candidate, and state-identified endangered species (collectively referred to as "listed" species) requires understanding of a species' sensitivities to particular chemicals. The most direct approach would be to determine the sensitivity of a listed species to a particular contaminant or perturbation....
Subduction-zone magnetic anomalies and implications for hydrated forearc mantle
R.J. Blakely, T.M. Brocher, R.E. Wells
2005, Geology (33) 445-448
Continental mantle in subduction zones is hydrated by release of water from the underlying oceanic plate. Magnetite is a significant byproduct of mantle hydration, and forearc mantle, cooled by subduction, should contribute to long-wavelength magnetic anomalies above subduction zones. We test this hypothesis with a quantitative model of the Cascadia...
Forest cover influences dispersal distance of white-tailed deer
E.S. Long, Duane R. Diefenbach, C.S. Rosenberry, B.D. Wallingford, M.D. Grund
2005, Journal of Mammalogy (86) 623-629
Animal dispersal patterns influence gene flow, disease spread, population dynamics, spread of invasive species, and establishment of rare or endangered species. Although differences in dispersal distances among taxa have been reported, few studies have described plasticity of dispersal distance among populations of a single species. In 2002-2003, we radiomarked 308...
Reconnaissance study of late quaternary faulting along Cerro Goden fault zone, western Puerto Rico
P. Mann, C.S. Prentice, J.-C. Hippolyte, N.R. Grindlay, L.J. Abrams, D. Lao-Davila
2005, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (385) 115-137
The Cerro Goden fault zone is associated with a curvilinear, continuous, and prominent topographic lineament in western Puerto Rico. The fault varies in strike from northwest to west. In its westernmost section, the fault is ∼500 m south of an abrupt, curvilinear mountain front separating the 270- to 361-m-high La...
Eastern rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater: Morphology, stratigraphy, and structure
C. W. Poag
2005, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 117-130
This study reexamines seven reprocessed (increased vertical exaggeration) seismic reflection profiles that cross the eastern rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater. The eastern rim is expressed as an arcuate ridge that borders the crater in a fashion typical of the "raised" rim documented in many well preserved complex impact...
Movements of walruses radio-tagged in Bristol Bay, Alaska
Chadwick V. Jay, Susan Hills
2005, Arctic (58) 192-202
Satellite radio-location data from 57 adult male Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) were used to estimate haul-out fidelity, broadly describe seasonal foraging distributions, and determine the approximate timing of autumn migration from Bristol Bay, Alaska. Data were collected intermittently during 1987–91 and 1995–2000, primarily during the period from May to...
Evidence for a global seismic-moment release sequence
C. G. Bufe, D. M. Perkins
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 833-843
Temporal clustering of the larger earthquakes (foreshock-mainshock-aftershock) followed by relative quiescence (stress shadow) are characteristic of seismic cycles along plate boundaries. A global seismic-moment release history, based on a little more than 100 years of instrumental earthquake data in an extended version of the catalog of Pacheco and Sykes (1992),...
Total mercury concentrations in fillets of bluegill, redear sunfish, largemouth bass, and other fishes from Lake Natoma, Sacramento County, California
M. K. Saiki, B.A. Martin, T.W. May, Charles N. Alpers
2005, California Fish and Game (91) 193-206
This study was conducted during September-October 2002 to verify preliminary findings of elevated total mercury concentrations in skinless fillets of sportfishes inhabiting Lake Natoma. Although we measured total mercury concentrations, most mercury in fish flesh occurs in the methylated form. In August 2000, other investigators collected a small number of...
Burrowing mayflies as indicators of ecosystem health: Status of populations in western Lake Erie, Saginaw Bay and Green Bay
T.A. Edsall, M.T. Bur, O. T. Gorman, J.S. Schaeffer
2005, Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management (8) 107-116
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Environment Canada are supporting the development of indicators of ecosystem health that can be used to report on progress in restoring and maintaining the Great Lakes ecosystem, as called for in the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement between the United States and Canada. One...
Radium isotopes in Cayuga Lake, New York: Indicators of inflow and mixing processes
T. F. Kraemer
2005, Limnology and Oceanography (50) 158-168
Naturally occurring radium isotopes (223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra) were measured in lake and tributary water of Cayuga Lake, New York, during the course of a vernal inflow event in the spring of 2001. A large influx of groundwater, probably from a carbonate aquifer, entered the lake at its extreme...
Distinguishing base-level change and climate signals in a Cretaceous alluvial sequence
T. White, B. Witzke, G.A. Ludvigson, R. Brenner
2005, Geology (33) 13-16
We present the results of oxygen isotope and electron-microprobe analyses of sphaerosiderites obtained from Cretaceous paleosols in Iowa. The sphaerosiderite ??18O values record Cretaceous meteoric groundwater chemistry and an overall waning of brackish groundwater inundation during alluvial-plain aggradation and soil genesis. We focus on horizons that precipitated from freshwater, in...
Channelized lava flows at the East Pacific Rise crest 9°-10°N: the importance of off-axis lava transport in developing the architecture of young oceanic crust
S.A. Soule, D.J. Fornari, M.R. Perfit, M.A. Tivey, W.I. Ridley, Hans Schouten
2005, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (6)
Submarine lava flows are the building blocks of young oceanic crust. Lava erupted at the ridge axis is transported across the ridge crest in a manner dictated by the rheology of the lava, the characteristics of the eruption, and the topography it encounters. The resulting lava flows can vary dramatically...
Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of trout and salmon along a longitudinal stream gradient
Hoz Franco De La Franco, E. A., P. Budy
2005, Environmental Biology of Fishes (72) 379-391
We examined the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution, abundance, and condition of salmonid fishes along a stream gradient. We observed a longitudinal change in fish distribution with native cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki utah, and introduced brown trout, Salmo trutta, demonstrating a distinct pattern of allopatry. Cutthroat...
Sheet flow and suspended sediment due to wave groups in a large wave flume
C. M. Dohmen-Janssen, D.M. Hanes
2005, Continental Shelf Research (25) 333-347
A series of sand bed experiments was carried out in the Large Wave Flume in Hannover, Germany as a component of the SISTEX99 experiment. The experiments focussed on the dynamic sediment response due to wave group forcing over a flat sand bed in order to improve understanding of cross-shore sediment...
