Earthquake triggering at Alaskan volcanoes following the 3 November 2002 Denali fault earthquake
S.C. Moran, J.A. Power, S.D. Stihler, J.J. Sanchez, J. Caplan-Auerbach
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S300-S309
The 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake provided an excellent opportunity to investigate triggered earthquakes at Alaskan volcanoes. The Alaska Volcano Observatory operates short-period seismic networks on 24 historically active volcanoes in Alaska, 247-2159 km distant from the mainshock epicenter. We searched for evidence of triggered seismicity by...
Geophysical data reveal the crustal structure of the Alaska Range orogen within the aftershock zone of the Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake
M. A. Fisher, N. A. Ratchkovski, W. J. Nokleberg, L. Pellerin, J.M.G. Glen
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S107-S131
Geophysical information, including deep-crustal seismic reflection, magnetotelluric (MT), gravity, and magnetic data, cross the aftershock zone of the 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake. These data and aftershock seismicity, jointly interpreted, reveal the crustal structure of the right-lateral-slip Denali fault and the eastern Alaska Range orogen, as well...
From in-situ coal to fly ash: A study of coal mines and power plants from Indiana
Maria Mastalerz, J.C. Hower, A. Drobniak, S.M. Mardon, G. Lis
2004, International Journal of Coal Geology (59) 171-192
This paper presents data on the properties of coal and fly ash from two coal mines and two power plants that burn single-source coal from two mines in Indiana. One mine is in the low-sulfur (<1%) Danville Coal Member of the Dugger Formation (Pennsylvanian) and the other mines the high-sulfur...
Comparison of seven protocols to identify fecal contamination sources using Escherichia coli
D. M. Stoeckel, M.V. Mathes, K.E. Hyer, C. Hagedorn, H. Kator, J. Lukasik, T. L. O’Brien, T.W. Fenger, M. Samadpour, K.M. Strickler, B.A. Wiggins
2004, Environmental Science & Technology (38) 6109-6117
Microbial source tracking (MST) uses various approaches to classify fecal-indicator microorganisms to source hosts. Reproducibility, accuracy, and robustness of seven phenotypic and genotypic MST protocols were evaluated by use of Escherichia coli from an eight-host library of known-source isolates and a separate, blinded challenge library. In reproducibility tests, measuring each...
Acoustic-tracking and radio-tracking of horseshoe crabs to assess spawning behavior and subtidal habitat use in delaware bay
L. J. Brousseau, M. Sclafani, D. R. Smith, Daniel B. Carter
2004, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (24) 1376-1384
This study used telemetry to determine spawning behavior and subtidal habitat use of horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus. We attached combined acoustic and radio transmitters to 12 gravid female horseshoe crabs at Ted Harvey Beach and 12 at North Bowers Beach (both on the western shore of Delaware Bay) over a...
The influence of hook type, angler experience, and fish size on injury rates and the duration of capture in an Alaskan catch-and-release rainbow trout fishery
Julie M. Meka
2004, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (24) 1309-1321
Owing to concerns about the high incidence of past hooking injuries in Alagnak River rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, fish were captured with spin- and fly-fishing gear with barbed and barbless circle and "J" hooks to determine gear types contributing to injury. Landing and hook removal times were measured for a...
Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds and other organic wastewater contaminants in a conventional drinking-water-treatment plant
P. E. Stackelberg, E. T. Furlong, M. T. Meyer, S.D. Zaugg, A.K. Henderson, D.B. Reissman
2004, Science of the Total Environment (329) 99-113
In a study conducted by the US Geological Survey and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 24 water samples were collected at selected locations within a drinking-water-treatment (DWT) facility and from the two streams that serve the facility to evaluate the potential for...
Petroleum reserves and undiscovered resources in the total petroleum systems of Iraq: Reserve growth and production implications
M.K. Verma, Thomas S. Ahlbrandt, M. Al-Gailani
2004, GeoArabia (9) 51-74
Iraq is one of the world's most petroleum-rich countries and, in the future, it could become one of the main producers. Iraq's petroleum resources are estimated to be 184 billion barrels, which include oil and natural gas reserves, and undiscovered resources. With its proved (or remaining) reserves of 113 billion...
A physical model for strain accumulation in the San Francisco Bay region: Stress evolution since 1838
F. Pollitz, W. H. Bakun, M. Nyst
2004, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (109) 1-16
Understanding of the behavior of plate boundary zones has progressed to the point where reasonably comprehensive physical models can predict their evolution. The San Andreas fault system in the San Francisco Bay region (SFBR) is dominated by a few major faults whose behavior over about one earthquake cycle is fairly...
Moisture content measurements of moss (Sphagnum spp.) using commercial sensors
K. Yoshikawa, P.P. Overduin, J.W. Harden
2004, Permafrost and Periglacial Processes (15) 309-318
Sphagnum (spp.) is widely distributed in permafrost regions around the arctic and subarctic. The moisture content of the moss layer affects the thermal insulative capacity and preservation of permafrost. It also controls the growth and collapse history of palsas and other peat mounds, and is relevant, in general terms, to...
Permeability-porosity data sets for sandstones
P. H. Nelson
2004, Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) (23) 1143-1144
Permeability-porosity relations vary from formation to formation, so it is desirable to obtain core and determine permeability (k) and porosity (φ) on core plugs in the laboratory for the formation of interest. If core data are not available, one might resort to data obtained in formations with similar properties. Analog...
Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, and stable isotopes in modern and Holocene Protothaca staminea shells from a northern California coastal upwelling region
R.K. Takesue, A. VanGeen
2004, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (68) 3845-3861
This study explores the potential of intertidal Protothaca staminea shells as high-resolution geochemical archives of environmental change in a coastal upwelling region. Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios were analyzed by excimer laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) at sub-weekly temporal resolution in shells growing ???1 mm per month. Growth patterns...
Quantitative mineralogy of the Yukon River system: Changes with reach and season, and determining sediment provenance
D. D. Eberl
2004, American Mineralogist (89) 1784-1794
The mineralogy of Yukon River basin sediment has been studied by quantitative X-ray diffraction. Bed, beach, bar, and suspended sediments were analyzed using the RockJock computer program. The bed sediments were collected from the main stem and from selected tributaries during a single trip down river, from Whitehorse to the...
VOCs in shallow groundwater in new residential/commercial areas of the United States
P. J. Squillace, M.J. Moran, C. V. Price
2004, Environmental Science & Technology (38) 5327-5338
The quality of shallow groundwater in urban areas was investigated by sampling 518 monitoring wells between 1996 and 2002 as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Well networks were installed primarily in new residential/commercial areas less than about 30 years old (17 studies) and...
Ground water chlorinated ethenes in tree trunks: Case studies, influence of recharge, and potential degradation mechanism
D.A. Vroblesky, B.D. Clinton, J.M. Vose, C.C. Casey, G. J. Harvey, P. M. Bradley
2004, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (24) 124-138
Trichloroethene (TCE) was detected in cores of trees growing above TCE-contaminated ground at three sites: the Carswell Golf Course in Texas, Air Force Plant PJKS in Colorado, and Naval Weapons Station Charleston in South Carolina. This was true even when the depth to water was 7.9 m or when the...
Denitrification and hydrologic transient storage in a glacial meltwater stream, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
M.N. Gooseff, Diane M. McKnight, R.L. Runkel, J.H. Duff
2004, Limnology and Oceanography (49) 1884-1895
In extreme environments, retention of nutrients within stream ecosystems contributes to the persistence of aquatic biota and continuity of ecosystem function. In the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, many glacial meltwater streams flow for only 5–12 weeks a year and yet support extensive benthic microbial communities. We investigated...
Enhanced marine productivity off western North America during warm climate intervals of the past 52 k.y
J.D. Ortiz, S. B. O’Connell, J. DelViscio, W. Dean, J.D. Carriquiry, T. Marchitto, Yen Zheng, A. VanGeen
2004, Geology (32) 521-524
Studies of the Santa Barbara Basin off the coast of California have linked changes in its bottom-water oxygen content to millennial-scale climate changes as recorded by the oxygen isotope composition of Greenland ice. Through the use of detailed records from a sediment core collected off the Magdalena Margin of Baja...
Roosevelt elk density and social segregation: Foraging behavior and females avoiding larger groups of males
F. Weckerly, K. McFarland, M. Ricca, K. Meyer
2004, American Midland Naturalist (152) 386-399
Intersexual social segregation at small spatial scales is prevalent in ruminants that are sexually dimorphic in body size. Explaining social segregation, however, from hypotheses of how intersexual size differences affects the foraging process of males and females has had mixed results. We studied whether body size influences on forage behavior,...
Food web pathway determines how selenium affects aquatic ecosystems: A San francisco Bay case study
A.R. Stewart, S. N. Luoma, C.E. Schlekat, M.A. Doblin, K.A. Hieb
2004, Environmental Science & Technology (38) 4519-4526
Chemical contaminants disrupt ecosystems, but specific effects may be under-appreciated when poorly known processes such as uptake mechanisms, uptake via diet, food preferences, and food web dynamics are influential. Here we show that a combination of food web structure and the physiology of trace element accumulation explain why some species...
Water-soluble pesticides in finished water of community water supplies
R.H. Coupe, J. D. Blomquist
2004, Journal - American Water Works Association (96) 56-68
To evaluate the effect of the treatment process on pesticide concentration, source water and finished (treated) water samples were collected from 12 community water systems (CWSs) and analyzed for water-soluble pesticides. The pesticides most frequently detected in the source water were the triazine herbicides (atrazine, cyanazine, prometon, and simazine) and...
Surface complexation model of uranyl sorption on Georgia kaolinite
T.E. Payne, J.A. Davis, G.R. Lumpkin, R. Chisari, T.D. Waite
2004, Applied Clay Science (26) 151-162
The adsorption of uranyl on standard Georgia kaolinites (KGa-1 and KGa-1B) was studied as a function of pH (3–10), total U (1 and 10 μmol/l), and mass loading of clay (4 and 40 g/l). The uptake of uranyl in air-equilibrated systems increased with pH and reached...
Effect of bird maneuver on frequency-domain helicopter EM response
D.V. Fitterman, C. Yin
2004, Geophysics (69) 1203-1215
Bird maneuver, the rotation of the coil-carrying instrument pod used for frequency-domain helicopter electromagnetic surveys, changes the nominal geometric relationship between the bird-coil system and the ground. These changes affect electromagnetic coupling and can introduce errors in helicopter electromagnetic, (HEM) data. We analyze these effects for a layered half-space for...
California earthquake history
T. Toppozada, D. Branum
2004, Annals of Geophysics (47) 509-522
This paper presents an overview of the advancement in our knowledge of California's earthquake history since ??? 1800, and especially during the last 30 years. We first review the basic statewide research on earthquake occurrences that was published from 1928 through 2002, to show how the current catalogs and their...
Community heterogeneity of Early Pennsylvanian peat mires
Robert A. Gastaldo, I. M. Stevanovic-Walls, W.N. Ware, S.F. Greb
2004, Geology (32) 693-696
Reconstructions of Pennsylvanian coal swamps are some of the most common images of late Paleozoic terrestrial ecosystems. All reconstructions to date are based on data from either time-averaged permineralized peats or single-site collections. An erect, in situ Early Pennsylvanian forest preserved above the Blue Creek Coal, Black Warrior Basin, Alabama,...
Optimizing correlation techniques for improved earthquake location
David P. Schaff, G. H. R. Bokelmann, William L. Ellsworth, E. Zanzerkia, Felix Waldhauser, Gregory C. Beroza
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) 705-721
Earthquake location using relative arrival time measurements can lead to dramatically reduced location errors and a view of fault-zone processes with unprecedented detail. There are two principal reasons why this approach reduces location errors. The first is that the use of differenced arrival times to solve for the vector separation...
