Decadal-scale decoupling of soil phosphorus and molybdenum cycles by temperate nitrogen-fixing trees
Katherine A Dynarski, Julie C. Pett-Ridge, Steven S. Perakis
2020, Biogeochemistry (149) 371
Symbiotic nitrogen- (N) fixing trees can influence multiple biogeochemical cycles by fixing atmospheric N, which drives net primary productivity and soil carbon (C) and N accumulation, as well as by mobilizing soil phosphorus (P) and other nutrients to support growth and metabolism. The soil micronutrient molybdenum (Mo) is essential to...
Pervasive shifts in forest dynamics in a changing world
Nate G. McDowell, Craig D. Allen, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Brian H. Aukema, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Louise Chini, James S. Clark, Michael Dietze, Charlotte Grossiord, Adam Hanbury-Brown, George C. Hurtt, Robert B. Jackson, Daniel J. Johnson, Lara Kueppers, Jeremy W. Lichstein, Kiona Ogle, Benjamin Poulter, Thomas A. M. Pugh, Rupert Seidl, Monica G. Turner, Maria Uriarte, Anthony P. Walker, Chonggang Xu
2020, Science (368)
Forest dynamics arise from the interplay of environmental drivers and disturbances with the demographic processes of recruitment, growth, and mortality, subsequently driving biomass and species composition. However, forest disturbances and subsequent recovery are shifting with global changes in climate and land use, altering these dynamics. Changes...
Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease and molybdenum in Colorado watersheds
Ettie M Lipner, Joshua French, Carleton R. Bern, Katherine Walton-Day, David Knox, Michael Strong, D. Rebecca Prevots, James L Crooks
2020, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (17)
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental bacteria that may cause chronic lung disease. Environmental factors that favor NTM growth likely increase the risk of NTM exposure within specific environments. We aimed to identify water-quality constituents (Al, As, Cd, Ca, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, K, Se,...
Observations of coastal change and numerical modeling of sediment-transport pathways at the mouth of the Columbia River and its adjacent littoral cell
Andrew W. Stevens, Edwin Elias, Stuart Pearson, George M. Kaminsky, Peter R Ruggiero, Heather M. Weiner, Guy R. Gelfenbaum
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1045
Bathymetric and topographic surveys performed annually along the coastlines of northern Oregon and southwestern Washington documented changes in beach and nearshore morphology between 2014 and 2019. Volume change analysis revealed measurable localized erosion and deposition throughout the study area, but significant net erosion at the regional scale (several kilometers [km])...
Deglacierization of a marginal basin and implications for outburst floods, Mendenhall Glacier, Alaska
Christian Kienholz, Jamie Pierce, Eran Hood, Jason M. Amundson, Gabriel Wolken, Aaron Jacobs, Skye Hart, Katreen Wikstrom-Jones, Dina Abdel-Fattah, Crane Johnson, Jeffrey S. Conaway
2020, Frontiers in Earth Science (8)
Suicide Basin is a partly glacierized marginal basin of Mendenhall Glacier, Alaska, that has released glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) annually since 2011. The floods cause inundation and erosion in the Mendenhall Valley, impacting homes and other infrastructure. Here, we utilize in-situ and remote sensing data to assess the recent evolution and...
Rethinking foundation species in a changing world: The case for Rhododendron maximum as an emerging foundation species in shifting ecosystems of the southern Appalachians
Maura P. Dudley, Mary Freeman, Seth J. Wenger, C. Rhett Jackson, Catherine M. Pringle
2020, Forest Ecology and Management (472)
“Foundation species” are widespread, abundant species that play critical roles in structuring ecosystem characteristics and processes. Ecosystem change in response to human activities, climate change, disease introduction, or other environmental conditions may promote the emergence of new foundation species or the decline of previously important foundation species. We present rhododendron...
When source and path components trade off in ground-motion prediction equations
Annemarie S. Baltay Sundstrom, Lauren S. Abrahams, Thomas C. Hanks
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 2259-2267
Current research on ground‐motion models (also known as ground‐motion prediction equations [GMPEs]) and their uncertainties focus on the separate contributions of source, path, and site to both median values and their variability. Implicit here is the assumption that the event term, path term, and site term reflect only properties of...
Modeling larval American Shad recruitment in a large river
Elizabeth A. Marschall, David C. Glover, Martha E. Mather, Donna L. Parrish
2020, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (41) 939-954
Climate change is altering the spatial and temporal patterns of temperature and discharge in rivers, which is expected to have implications for the life stages of anadromous fish using those rivers. We developed an individual-based model to track American Shad Alosa sapidissima offspring within a coarse template of spatially and temporally variable...
Challenges in quantifying air-water carbon dioxide flux using estuarine water quality data: Case study for Chesapeake Bay
Maria Herrmann, Raymond G. Najjar, Fei Da, Jaclyn R. Friedman, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs, Sreece Goldberger, Alana Menendez, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Edward G. Stets, Pierre St-Laurent
2020, JGR Oceans (125)
Estuaries play an uncertain but potentially important role in the global carbon cycle via CO2 outgassing. The uncertainty mainly stems from the paucity of studies that document the full spatial and temporal variability of estuarine surface water partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( pCO2). Here, we explore the potential of utilizing the...
Rapid geodetic observations of spatiotemporally varying postseismic deformation following the Ridgecrest earthquake sequence: The U.S. Geological Survey response
Benjamin A. Brooks, Jessica R. Murray, Jerry L. Svarc, Ellen L. Phillips, Ryan Clayton Turner, Mark Hunter Murray, Todd Ericksen, Kang Wang, Sarah E. Minson, Roland Burgmann, Frederick Pollitz, Kenneth W. Hudnut, Johanna Nevitt, Evelyn Roeloffs, Janis Hernandez, Brian Olson
2020, Seismological Research Letters (9) 2108-2123
The U.S. Geological Survey’s geodetic response to the 4–5 July 2019 (Pacific time) Ridgecrest earthquake sequence comprised primarily the installation and/or reoccupation of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) monumentation. Our response focused primarily on the United States’ Navy’s China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station base (NAWSCL). This focus was because...
Departures of rangeland fractional component cover and land cover from landsat-based ecological potential in Wyoming USA
Matthew B. Rigge, Collin G. Homer, Hua Shi, Bruce Wylie
2020, Rangeland Ecology and Management (73) 856-870
Monitoring rangelands by identifying the departure of contemporary conditions from long-term ecological potential allows for the disentanglement of natural biophysical gradients driving change from changes associated with land uses and other disturbance types. We developed maps of ecological potential (EP) for shrub, sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), perennial herbaceous, litter, and bare ground...
Surface soil temperature seasonal variation estimation in a forested area using combined satellite observations and in-situ measurements
Chenyang Xu, John J. Qu, Xianjun Hao, Zhiliang Zhu, Laurel Gutenberg
2020, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation (91)
Surface soil temperature is the soil temperature from the surface to 10 cm in depth. Surface soil temperature plays a significant role in agricultural drought monitoring, ecosystem energy transfer modeling, and global carbon cycle evaluation. Studies have been proposed to estimate surface soil temperature, but surface soil temperature monitoring within forested...
Impacts of sea-level rise on the tidal reach of California coastal rivers using the Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS)
Andrea C. O'Neill, Li H. Erikson, Patrick L. Barnard
2020, Journal of Coastal Research (95) 1223-1228
In coastal rivers, the interactions between tides and fluvial discharge affect local ecology, sedimentation, river dynamics, river mouth configuration, and the flooding potential in adjacent wetlands and low-lying areas. With sea-level rise, the tidal reach within coastal rivers can expand upstream, impacting river dynamics and increasing flood risk across a...
Subaqueous mass movements in the context of observations of contemporary slope failure
J.J. Mountjoy, Aggeliki Georgiopoulou, Jason Chaytor, M.A. Clare, D. Gamboa, J. Moernaut
2020, Book chapter, Subaqueous mass movements and their consequences: Advances in process understanding, monitoring and hazard assessments
The consequences of subaqueous landslides have been at the forefront of societal conscience more than ever in the last few years, with devastating and fatal events in the Indonesian Archipelago making global news. The new research presented in this volume demonstrates the breadth of ongoing investigation into subaqueous landslides, and...
The influence of snow cover, air temperature, and groundwater flow on the active-layer thermal regime of Arctic hillslopes drained by water tracks
Caitlin R Rushlow, Audrey H Sawyer, Clifford I. Voss, Sarah E Godsey
2020, Hydrogeology Journal (28) 2057-2069
Permafrost in Arctic watersheds limits soil biological activity to a thin, seasonally thawed active layer that contributes water to streams. In many hillslopes, relatively wet drainage features called water tracks have distinct freeze-thaw patterns that affect groundwater flow and storage, and thus the export of heat...
Estimation of metademographic rates and landscape connectivity for a conservation-reliant anuran
Adam Duarte, James T. Peterson, Christopher Pearl, Jennifer Christine Rowe, Brome McCreary, Stephanie Galvan, Michael J. Adams
2020, Landscape Ecology (35) 1459-1479
ContextAmphibian conservation efforts commonly assume populations are tied to waterbodies that collectively function as a metapopulation. This assumption is rarely evaluated, and there is a need to understand the degree of connectivity among patches to appropriately define, manage, and conserve biological populations.ObjectivesOur objectives were to quantify...
Peak ground velocity spatial variability revealed by dense seismic array in southern California
Christopher E Johnson, Debi Kilb, Annemarie S. Baltay Sundstrom, Frank Vernon
2020, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (125)
Understanding and modeling variability of ground motion is essential for building accurate and precise ground motion prediction equations, which can net site‐specific characterization and reduced hazard levels. Here, we explore the spatial variability in peak ground velocity (PGV) at Sage Brush Flats along the San Jacinto Fault in southern California....
Freshwater neurotoxins and concerns for human, animal, and ecosystemhealth: A review of anatoxin-a and saxitoxin
Victoria Christensen, Eakalak Khan
2020, Science of the Total Environment (736) 1-17
Toxic cyanobacteria are a concern worldwide because they can adversely affect humans, animals, and ecosystems. However, neurotoxins produced by freshwater cyanobacteria are understudied relative to microcystin. Thus, the objective of this critical review was to provide a comprehensive examination of the modes of action, production, fate, and occurrence of the...
Linking subsurface to surface using gas emission and melt inclusion data at Mount Cleveland volcano, Alaska
Cynthia Werner, Daniel J. Rasmussen, Terry Plank, Peter J. Kelly, Christoph Kern, Taryn Lopez, Jonas Gliss, John Power, Diana Roman, Pavel Izbekov, John J. Lyons
2020, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (21)
Mount Cleveland is one of Alaska's most active volcanoes, yet little is known about the magmatic system driving persistent and dynamic volcanic activity. Volcanic gas and melt inclusion (MI) data from 2016 were combined to investigate shallow magmatic processes. SO2 emission rates were between 166 and 324 t/day and the H2O/SO2 was 600 ± 53,...
Sand dunes, modern and ancient, on southern Colorado Plateau tribal lands, southwestern USA
Margaret Hiza
2020, Book chapter, Inland Dunes of North America
A mantle of both active and stable aeolian sand covers approximately 34,000 km2 of northern Arizona, western New Mexico and southern Utah on the southern Colorado Plateau. From west to east, these deposits can be subdivided into the Kaibab-Moenkopi dunes, Chinle Valley dunes, and Chaco dunes, all...
Precipitation runoff modeling system (PRMS) as part of an integrated hydrologic model for the Osage Nation, northeastern Oklahoma, 1915–2014
Joseph A. Hevesi, Randall T. Hanson, Jason R. Masoner
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5030
Executive SummaryThe Osage Nation lacks a comprehensive tribal water plan to describe the quality and quantity of water resources in the Osage Nation, a 2,304-square-mile (mi2) area of rolling pastures, tallgrass prairie, and mixed woodlands in northeastern Oklahoma. A tribal water plan can be used to help manage the sustainable...
Evaluation of the impacts of radio-marking devices on feral horses and burros in a captive setting
Kathryn A. Schoenecker, Sarah R. B. King, Gail C. Collins
2020, Human Wildlife Interactions (14) 73-86
Radio-collars and other radio-marking devices have been invaluable tools for wildlife managers for >40 years. These marking devices have improved our understanding of wildlife spatial ecology and demographic parameters and provided new data facilitating model development for species conservation and management. Although these tools have been used on virtually all...
The historic events at Kilauea Volcano in 2018: Summit collapse, rift zone eruption, and Mw 6.9 earthquake: Preface to the special issue
Matthew R. Patrick, Ingrid A. Johanson, Thomas Shea, Greg Waite
2020, Bulletin of Volcanology (82)
Kīlauea Volcano, on the Island of Hawaiʻi, has had a prominent role in the science of volcanology, and a long history of generating new insights into how volcanoes operate (Tilling et al. 2014; Garcia 2015). Native Hawaiians shared ideas on the behavior of the volcano with early Western visitors...
Hydro-morphological characterization of coral reefs for wave runup prediction
Fred Scott, Jose A.A. Antolinez, Robert T. McCall, Curt D. Storlazzi, Ad Reiners, Stuart Pearson
2020, Frontiers in Marine Science (7)
Many coral reef-lined coasts are low-lying with elevations <4 m above mean sea level. Climate-change-driven sea-level rise, coral reef degradation, and changes in storm wave climate will lead to greater occurrence and impacts of wave-driven flooding. This poses a significant threat to their coastal communities. While greatly at risk, the...
Using remotely sensed data to map Joshua Tree distributions at Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, California, 2018
Todd Esque, Patrick E. Baird, Felicia C. Chen, David C. Housman, Tom J. Holton
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5053
Species distribution models (SDMs) that are derived through inference have been used to provide important insights toward species distributions. Their inferences can be robust in relation to known presences, but SDMs have error rates that cannot be quantified with certainty. For large plant species with unique signatures and in sparsely...
