The Mw 7.7 Bhuj earthquake: Global lessons for earthquake hazard in intra-plate regions
E. Schweig, J. Gomberg, Mark D. Petersen, M. Ellis, P. Bodin, L. Mayrose, B.K. Rastogi
2003, Journal of the Geological Society of India (61) 277-282
The Mw 7.7 Bhuj earthquake occurred in the Kachchh District of the State of Gujarat, India on 26 January 2001, and was one of the most damaging intraplate earthquakes ever recorded. This earthquake is in many ways similar to the three great New Madrid earthquakes that occurred in the central...
Shifts in the diets of slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) and lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in Lake Ontario following the collapse of the burrowing amphipod Diporeia
Randall W. Owens, Dawn E. Dittman
2003, Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management (6) 311-323
In Lake Ontario, the diets of slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus and lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis shifted from a diet dominated by the burrowing amphipod, Diporeia, and to a lesser extent, Mysis, to a more diverse diet, after Diporeia collapsed, to one dominated by Mysis and prey that were formerly less...
The 1997 eruption of Okmok Volcano, Alaska: A synthesis of remotely sensed imagery
M.R. Patrick, J. Dehn, K.R. Papp, Z. Lu, K. Dean, L. Moxey, P. Izbekov, R. Guritz
2003, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (127) 87-105
Okmok Volcano, in the eastern Aleutian Islands, erupted in February and March of 1997 producing a 6-km-long lava flow and low-level ash plumes. This caldera is one of the most active in the Aleutian Arc, and is now the focus of international multidisciplinary studies. A synthesis of remotely sensed data...
Paleoseismic evidence of characteristic slip on the Western segment of the North Anatolian fault, Turkey
Yann Klinger, K. Sieh, E. Altunel, A. Akoglu, A. Barka, Tim Dawson, Tania Gonzalez, A. Meltzner, Thomas Rockwell
2003, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (93) 2317-2332
We have conducted a paleoseismic investigation of serial fault rupture at one site along the 110-km rupture of the North Anatolian fault that produced the Mw 7.4 earthquake of 17 August 1999. The benefit of using a recent rupture to compare serial ruptures lies in...
The interactive effects of UV-B and insecticide exposure on tadpole survival, growth and development
Christine M. Bridges, Michelle D. Boone
2003, Biological Conservation (113) 49-54
Because declines within amphibian populations can seldom be attributed to a single cause, it is important to focus on multiple stressors, both natural and anthropogenic. Variables such as UV-B radiation and chemical contamination can interact with one another in ways that might not be predicted from single-factor studies. We exposed...
Application of two hydrologic models with different runoff mechanisms to a hillslope dominated watershed in the northeastern US: A comparison of HSPF and SMR
M.S. Johnson, W.F. Coon, V.K. Mehta, T.S. Steenhuis, E.S. Brooks, J. Boll
2003, Journal of Hydrology (284) 57-76
Differences in the simulation of hydrologic processes by watershed models directly affect the accuracy of results. Surface runoff generation can be simulated as either: (1) infiltration-excess (or Hortonian) overland flow, or (2) saturation-excess overland flow. This study compared the Hydrological Simulation Program - FORTRAN (HSPF) and the Soil Moisture Routing...
Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter
W. Chen, P. Westerhoff, J.A. Leenheer, K. Booksh
2003, Environmental Science & Technology (37) 5701-5710
Excitation−emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy has been widely used to characterize dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water and soil. However, interpreting the >10,000 wavelength-dependent fluorescence intensity data points represented in EEMs has posed a significant challenge. Fluorescence regional integration, a quantitative...
Evaluation of relocation of unionid mussels to in situ refugia
W.G. Cope, M.C. Hove, D. L. Waller, D.J. Hornbach, M.R. Bartsch, L.A. Cunningham, H.L. Dunn, A.R. Kapuscinski
2003, Journal of Molluscan Studies (69) 27-34
The aim of this study was to evaluate the recovery and survival of four species of unionid mussles [pimpleback, Quadrula pustulosa pustulosa (I. Lea, 1831); spike, Elliptio dilatata (Rafinesque, 1820); Higgins eye, Lampsilis higginsii (I. Lea, 1857); and pocketbook, Lampsilis cardium (Rafinesque, 1820)] that were experimentally relocated to in situ...
Pyrolysis-combustion 14C dating of soil organic matter
Hongfang Wang, Keith C. Hackley, S.V. Panno, D.D. Coleman, J.C.-L. Liu, J. Brown
2003, Quaternary Research (60) 348-355
Radiocarbon (14C) dating of total soil organic matter (SOM) often yields results inconsistent with the stratigraphic sequence. The onerous chemical extractions for SOM fractions do not always produce satisfactory 14C dates. In an effort to develop an alternative method, the pyrolysis-combustion technique was investigated to partition SOM into pyrolysis volatile...
Influence of elk grazing on soil properties in Rocky Mountain National Park
Dan Binkley, F. Singer, M. Kaye, R. Rochelle
2003, Forest Ecology and Management (185) 239-247
We used three 35-year exclosures to examine the effects of high elk populations on a variety of soil properties in three vegetation types: upland sagebrush, aspen, and meadow. Grazing and hoof action by elk significantly increased bulk density (from 0.87 kg/l ungrazed to 0.94 kg/l grazed), with greater effects on...
Influence of landscape structure and climate variability on a late holocene plant migration
M.E. Lyford, S.T. Jackson, J.L. Betancourt, S.T. Gray
2003, Ecological Monographs (73) 567-583
We analyzed and radiocarbon-dated 205 fossil woodrat middens from 14 sites in central and northern Wyoming and adjacent Utah and Montana to document spatiotemporal patterns of Holocene invasion by Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma). Holocene migration into central and northern Wyoming and southern Montana from the south proceeded by a series...
Erosion of an ancient mountain range, the Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina and Tennessee
A. Matmon, P.R. Bierman, J. Larsen, S. Southworth, M. Pavich, R. Finkel, M. Caffee
2003, American Journal of Science (303) 817-855
Analysis of 10Be and 26Al in bedrock (n=10), colluvium (n=5 including grain size splits), and alluvial sediments (n=59 including grain size splits), coupled with field observations and GIS analysis, suggest that erosion rates in the Great Smoky Mountains are controlled by subsurface bedrock erosion and diffusive slope processes. The results indicate...
Dynamics of peat accumulation and marl flat formation in a calcareous fen, midwestern United States
J.J. Miner, D.B. Ketterling
2003, Wetlands (23) 950-960
The age and sequence of peat accumulation were investigated at a calcareous fen in northeastern Illinois, USA. The purpose of this study was to identify the processes that form and sustain marl flats, which are areas of marl or tufa substrate within the fen that contain numerous rare plant species....
Genetic Algorithm Calibration of Probabilistic Cellular Automata for Modeling Mining Permit Activity
S.J. Louis, G. L. Raines
2003, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
We use a genetic algorithm to calibrate a spatially and temporally resolved cellular automata to model mining activity on public land in Idaho and western Montana. The genetic algorithm searches through a space of transition rule parameters of a two dimensional cellular automata model to find rule parameters that fit...
Biochemical composition of three algal species proposed as food for captive freshwater mussels
C.M. Gatenby, D.M. Orcutt, D.A. Kreeger, B.C. Parker, V.A. Jones, R. J. Neves
2003, Journal of Applied Phycology (15) 1-11
To identify potential diets for rearing captive freshwater mussels, the protein, carbohydrate (CHO), and lipid contents of two green algae, Neochloris oleoabundans, Bracteacoccus grandis, and one diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, were compared at different growth stages. The fatty acid and sterol composition were also identified. Protein was greatest (55-70%) for all...
Some observations on colocated and closely spaced strong ground-motion records of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake
G.-Q. Wang, D.M. Boore, H. Igel, X.-Y. Zhou
2003, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (93) 674-693
The digital accelerograph network installed in Taiwan produced a rich set of records from the 20 September 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake (Mw 7.6). Teledyne Geotech model A-800 and A-900A* digital accelerographs were colocated at 22 stations that recorded this event. Comparisons of the amplitudes, frequency content, and baseline offsets show...
A Visual Basic program to classify sediments based on gravel-sand-silt-clay ratios
L.J. Poppe, A.H. Eliason, M. E. Hastings
2003, Computers & Geosciences (29) 805-809
Nomenclature describing size distributions is important to geologists because grain size is the most basic attribute of sediments. Traditionally, geologists have divided sediments into four size fractions that include gravel, sand, silt, and clay, and classified these sediments based on ratios of the various proportions of the fractions. Definitions of...
Development of a multimetric index for assessing the biological condition of the Ohio River
E.B. Emery, T.P. Simon, F.H. McCormick, P. L. Angermeier, J.E. Deshon, C.O. Yoder, R.E. Sanders, W.D. Pearson, G.D. Hickman, R.J. Reash, J.A. Thomas
2003, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (132) 791-808
The use of fish communities to assess environmental quality is common for streams, but a standard methodology for large rivers is as yet largely undeveloped. We developed an index to assess the condition of fish assemblages along 1,580 km of the Ohio River. Representative samples of fish assemblages were collected...
Geomedia: Mapping Colorado at a fine scale
R. Orndorff
2003, Geotimes (48) 36-37
Currently, only 24 percent of Colorado's spectacular geology has been mapped at the fine scale of 1:24,000. At the same time, the state hosts many geologic hazards. Most maps of Colorado are at much broader scales, failing to show detail of basic geology crucial to safe engineering and building practices...
Estimating population trends with a linear model
Jonathan Bart, Brian D. Collins, R. I. G. Morrison
2003, The Condor (105) 367-372
We describe a simple and robust method for estimating trends in population size. The method may be used with Breeding Bird Survey data, aerial surveys, point counts, or any other program of repeated surveys at permanent locations. Surveys need not be made at each location during each survey period. The...
Survival of captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots released in Parque Nacional del Este, Dominican Republic
J.A. Collazo, T.H. White Jr., F. J. Vilella, S.A. Guerrero
2003, Condor (105) 198-207
We report first-year survival rates of 49 captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) released in Parque Nacional del Este, Dominican Republic. Our goal was to learn about factors affecting postrelease survival. Specifically, we tested if survival was related to movements and whether modifying prerelease protocols influenced survival rates. We also estimated...
The economics of protecting tiger populations: Linking household behavior to poaching and prey depletion
R. Damania, R. Stringer, K. U. Karanth, B. Stith
2003, Land Economics (79) 198-216
The tiger (Panthera tigris) is classified as endangered and populations continue to decline. This paper presents a formal economic analysis of the two most imminent threats to the survival of wild tigers: poaching tigers and hunting their prey. A model is developed to examine interactions between tigers and farm households...
Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, do not extrude eggs annually in southeastern Alaska: An in situ study
K.M. Swiney, Thomas C. Shirley, S. James Taggart, Charles E. O’Clair
2003, Journal of Crustacean Biology (23) 280-288
The reproductive biology of female Dungeness crabs was studied with crab-pot and dive-transect sampling in five bays within or near Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, southeastern Alaska, in April and September yearly from 1992 to 1998. A large percentage of nonovigerous, mature females was found in April, a time...
Comparative study of the dust emission of 19P/Borrelly (Deep Space 1) and 1P/Halley
T.-M. Ho, N. Thomas, D. C. Boice, C. Kollein, L.A. Soderblom
2003, Advances in Space Research (31) 2583-2589
Images obtained by the Miniature Integrated Camera and Imaging Spectrometer (MICAS) experiment onboard the Deep Space 1 spacecraft which encountered comet 19P/Borrelly on September 22nd 2001 show a dust coma dominated by jets. In particular a major collimated dust jet on the sunward side of the nucleus was observed. Our...
Effects of spectrometer band pass, sampling, and signal‐to‐noise ratio on spectral identification using the Tetracorder algorithm
Gregg A. Swayze, Roger N. Clark, Alexander F.H. Goetz, Thomas G. Chrien, Noel S. Gorelick
2003, Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets (108) 1-30
[1] Estimates of spectrometer band pass, sampling interval, and signal‐to‐noise ratio required for identification of pure minerals and plants were derived using reflectance spectra convolved to AVIRIS, HYDICE, MIVIS, VIMS, and other imaging spectrometers. For each spectral simulation, various levels of random noise were added to the reflectance spectra after...
