Binding of mercury(II) to aquatic humic substances: Influence of pH and source of humic substances
M. Haitzer, G. R. Aiken, J. N. Ryan
2003, Environmental Science & Technology (37) 2436-2441
Conditional distribution coefficients (KDOM‘) for Hg(II) binding to seven dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolates were measured at environmentally relevant ratios of Hg(II) to DOM. The results show that KDOM‘ values for different types of samples (humic acids, fulvic acids, hydrophobic acids) isolated from diverse aquatic environments were all...
Magnitude and variability of Holocene sediment accumulation in Santa Monica Bay, California
C.K. Sommerfield, H.J. Lee
2003, Marine Environmental Research (56) 151-176
The spatial variability of Holocene (past 10,000 years) sediment accumulation in Santa Monica Bay (California) was examined to identify controls sediment trapping in a bathymetrically complex coastal embayment and to provide geologic context for the post-industrial sedimentary record and associated pollution gradients. Sediment chronologies based on downcore AMS 14C dates...
High-resolution climatic evolution of coastal northern California during the past 16,000 years
J.A. Barron, L. Heusser, T. Herbert, M. Lyle
2003, Paleoceanography (18) 20-1-20-19
Holocene and latest Pleistocene oceanographic conditions and the coastal climate of northern California have varied greatly, based upon high-resolution studies (ca. every 100 years) of diatoms, alkenones, pollen, CaCO3%, and total organic carbon at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1019 (41.682°N, 124.930°W, 980 m water depth). Marine climate proxies (alkenone...
Relation of concentration and exposure time to the efficacy of niclosamide against larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus)
R.J. Scholefield, R.A. Bergstedt, T.D. Bills
2003, Journal of Great Lakes Research (29) 493-499
The efficacy of 2’, 5-dichloro-4’-nitrosalicylanilide (niclosamide) at various concentrations and exposure times was tested against free-swimming larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) at 12°C and 17°C in Lake Huron water. Concentrations of niclosamide in test solutions ranged from 0.46 to 4.7 mg/L with pH 7.8 to 8.3, total alkalinity 78 to...
To the National Map and beyond
J. Kelmelis
2003, Cartography and Geographic Information Science (30) 185-198
Scientific understanding, technology, and social, economic, and environmental conditions have driven a rapidly changing demand for geographic information, both digital and analog. For more than a decade, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has been developing innovative partnerships with other government agencies and private industry to produce and distribute geographic information...
Use of radar remote sensing (RADARSAT) to map winter wetland habitat for shorebirds in an agricultural landscape
O.W. Taft, S. M. Haig, Chris Kiilsgaard
2003, Environmental Management (32) 268-281
Many of today's agricultural landscapes once held vast amounts of wetland habitat for waterbirds and other wildlife. Successful restoration of these landscapes relies on access to accurate maps of the wetlands that remain. We used C-band (5.6-cm-wavelength), HH-polarized radar remote sensing (RADARSAT) at a 38?? incidence angle (8-m resolution) to...
Predation on stocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry
J.N. Henderson, B.H. Letcher
2003, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (60) 32-42
We studied predator-prey interactions between juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and trout in three Massachusetts, U.S.A., streams and in artificial streams. We sampled stomach contents of age-1+ and older salmon and trout (Salvelinus fontinalis, Salmo trutta) following salmon fry stocking in the spring of 1997 and 1998. Between 4.3 and...
Geology and geochemistry of the Clear Creek intrusion-related gold occurrences, Tintina Gold Province, Yukon, Canada
E.E. Marsh, R.J. Goldfarb, C.J.R. Hart, C. A. Johnson
2003, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (40) 681-699
The Clear Creek gold occurrences lie within deformed lower greenschist-facies rocks of the western Selwyn basin. They consist of auriferous, sheeted quartz veins that cut six Cretaceous stocks and their hornfels. The veins contain 1-2% combined pyrite and arsenopyrite, with lesser pyrrhotite, bismuthinite, and scheelite, as well as 2-5 g/t...
Erosion and sedimentation from the 17 July, 1998 Papua New Guinea tsunami
G. Gelfenbaum, B. Jaffe
2003, Pure and Applied Geophysics (160) 1969-1999
This paper describes erosion and sedimentation associated with the 17 July 1998 Papua New Guinea tsunami. Observed within two months of the tsunami, distinct deposits of a layer averaging 8-cm thick of gray sand rested on a brown muddy soil. In most cases the sand is normally graded, with more...
Variation in energy expenditure among black-legged kittiwakes: Effects of activity-specific metabolic rates and activity budgets
P.G.R. Jodice, D.D. Roby, R.M. Suryan, D.B. Irons, A.M. Kaufman, K.R. Turco, G. Henk Visser
2003, Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (76) 375-388
We sought to determine the effect of variation in time-activity budgets (TABs) and foraging behavior on energy expenditure rates of parent black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). We quantified TABs using direct observations of radio-tagged adults and simultaneously measured field metabolic rates (FMR) of these same individuals (n = 20) using the...
Evaluation of the 34S/32S ratio of Soufre de Lacq elemental sulfur isotopic reference material by continuous flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry
H. P. Qi, T.B. Coplen
2003, Chemical Geology (199) 183-187
Soufre de Lacq elemental sulfur reference material (IAEA-S-4) isotopically is homogeneous in amounts as small as 41 ??g as determined by continuous flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. The ??34S value for this reference material is +16.90 ?? 0.12??? (1??) on a scale (Vienna Can??on Diablo troilite, VCDT) where IAEA-S-1 Ag2S is...
Demographic characteristics of American eel in the Potomac River drainage, Virginia
K.R. Goodwin, P. L. Angermeier
2003, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (132) 524-535
Studies of the demographic characteristics of the American eel Anguilla rostrata over broad spatial scales are scarce. Eels in the Shenandoah River drainage and lower Potomac River tributaries of Virginia were sampled over 2 years in both inland and near-coastal areas to describe the demographic characteristics in each area and...
Discharge indices for water quality loads
Richard M. Vogel, Jery R. Stedinger, Richard P. Hooper
2003, Water Resources Research (39) 1-1-1-9
Effective discharge has been used to describe the streamflow level that is responsible for transporting the most sediment over the long term. Careful inspection reveals that this concept may not have been well defined, and different interpretations have led to conflicting representations. Because total load is ultimately the quantity of...
Structure, production and resource use in some old-growth spruce/fir forests in the front range of the Rocky Mountains, USA
Dan Binkley, U. Olsson, R. Rochelle, T. Stohlgren, N. Nikolov
2003, Forest Ecology and Management (172) 271-279
Old-growth forests of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex. Engelm.) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) dominate much of the landscape of the Rocky Mountains. We characterized the structure, biomass and production of 18 old-growth (200-450-year-old) spruce/fir forests in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, as well as the stand-level...
Paleomagnetism and geochronology of an Early Proterozoic quartz diorite in the southern Wind River Range, Wyoming, USA
S. S. Harlan, J.W. Geisman, W. R. Premo
2003, Tectonophysics (362) 105-122
We present geochronologic and paleomagnetic data from a north-trending quartz diorite intrusion that cuts Archean metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks of the South Pass Greenstone Belt of the Wyoming craton. The quartz diorite was previously thought to be either Archean or Early Proterozoic (?) in age and is cut by north...
Origin of northern Gondwana Cambrian sandstone revealed by detrital zircon SHRIMP dating
D. Avigad, K. Kolodner, M. McWilliams, H. Persing, T. Weissbrod
2003, Geology (31) 227-230
Voluminous Paleozoic sandstone sequences were deposited in northern Africa and Arabia following an extended Neoproterozoic orogenic cycle that culminated in the assembly of Gondwana. We measured sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb ages of detrital zircons separated from several Cambrian units in the Elat area of southern Israel in order...
Modeling flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock: An evaluation of the continuum approach
H.-H. Liu, C.B. Haukwa, C.F. Ahlers, G.S. Bodvarsson, A. L. Flint, W.B. Guertal
2003, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (62-63) 173-188
Because the continuum approach is relatively simple and straightforward to implement, it has been commonly used in modeling flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock. However, the usefulness of this approach can be questioned in terms of its adequacy for representing fingering flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock. The...
Initial implementation of The National Map
K. Roth
2003, Cartography and Geographic Information Science (30) 199-202
The development of The National Map is "national" in the broadest sense of the word. Although the U.S. Geological Survey is taking the lead, local governments, states, and regions are active and essential partners in the process, contributing, for example, data updates, problem-solving data integration, and map development from multiple...
Stable carbon isotope fractionation of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene during co-metabolic degradation by methanotrophic bacteria
Karen L. Brungard, Junko Munakata-Marr, Craig A. Johnson, Kevin W. Mandernack
2003, Chemical Geology (195) 59-67
Changes in the carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-DCE) were measured during its co-metabolic degradation by Methylomonas methanica, a type I methanotroph, and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, a type II methanotroph. In closed-vessel incubation experiments with each bacterium, the residual t-DCE became progressively enriched in 13C, indicating isotopic fractionation. From...
Physiological responses of juvenile rainbow trout to fasting and swimming activity: Effects on body composition and condition indices
D.G. Simpkins, W.A. Hubert, Del Rio, D.C. Rule
2003, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (132) 576-589
The physiological traits that allow fish to survive periods of limited food resources are poorly understood. We assessed changes in proximate body composition, relative organ mass, blood metabolites, and relative weight (Wr) of sedentary and actively swimming (15 cm/s) juvenile rainbow trout (154-182 mm total length) over 147 d of...
Nitrogen limitation of growth and nutrient dynamics in a disturbed mangrove forest, Indian River Lagoon, Florida
Ilka C. Feller, D.F. Whigham, K.L. McKee, C. E. Lovelock
2003, Oecologia (134) 405-414
The objectives of this study were to determine effects of nutrient enrichment on plant growth, nutrient dynamics, and photosynthesis in a disturbed mangrove forest in an abandoned mosquito impoundment in Florida. Impounding altered the hydrology and soil chemistry of the site. In 1997, we established a factorial experiment along a...
Deciphering the social structure of Marbled Murrelets from behavioral observations at sea
Suzann G. Speckman, John F. Piatt, Alan M. Springer
2003, Waterbirds (26) 266-274
We surveyed Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) daily from small boats in Auke Bay and Fritz Cove, Alaska, from May through August 1992 and 1993. Differences in numbers of juveniles and in the timing of their presence in the study area between the two years indicated that breeding phenology was late...
Subcellular compartmentalization of Cd and Zn in two bivalves. I. Significance of metal-sensitive fractions (MSF) and biologically detoxified metal (BDM)
W.G. Wallace, B.-G. Lee, S. N. Luoma
2003, Marine Ecology Progress Series (249) 183-197
Many aspects of metal accumulation in aquatic invertebrates (i.e. toxicity, tolerance and trophic transfer) can be understood by examining the subcellular partitioning of accumulated metal. In this paper, we use a compartmentalization approach to interpret the significance of metal, species and size dependence in the subcellular partitioning of Cd and...
The petrographic microscope: Evolution of a mineralogical research instrument
D. E. Kile
2003, Mineralogical Record (1) 5-39
The petrographic microscope, designed to observe and measure the optical properties of minerals as a means of identifying them, has provided a foundation for mineralogical and petrological research for more than 120 years. Much of what is known today in these fields is attributable to this instrument, the development of...
A hydrologic network supporting spatially referenced regression modeling in the Chesapeake Bay watershed
J. W. Brakebill, S. D. Preston
2003, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (81) 73-84
The U.S. Geological Survey has developed a methodology for statistically relating nutrient sources and land-surface characteristics to nutrient loads of streams. The methodology is referred to as SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW), and relates measured stream nutrient loads to nutrient sources using nonlinear statistical regression models. A spatially...
