Locally refined block-centred finite-difference groundwater models: Evaluation of parameter sensitivity and the consequences for inverse modelling
S. Mehl, M. C. Hill
2002, IAHS-AISH Publication 227-232
Models with local grid refinement, as often required in groundwater models, pose special problems for model calibration. This work investigates the calculation of sensitivities and the performance of regression methods using two existing and one new method of grid refinement. The existing local grid refinement methods considered are: (a) a...
Overview of biology and aquaculture of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) in China
P. Zhuang, B. Kynard, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, Z. Zhang, D. Li
2002, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (18) 659-664
Amur sturgeon, Acipenser schrenckii is a large riverine species (max. 3 m length and 190 kg weight) native to the Amur River. In the middle Amur River, males first spawn at 7-8 years of age and females at 9-10 years. Due to overfishing and habitat alteration, the abundance of wild...
Carbon isotope fractionation of methyl bromide during agricultural soil fumigations
M. Bill, L.G. Miller, Allen H. Goldstein
2002, Conference Paper, Biogeochemistry
The isotopic composition of methyl bromide (CH3Br) has been suggested to be a potentially useful tracer for constraining the global CH3Br budget. In order to determine the carbon isotopic composition of CH3Br emitted from the most significant anthropogenic application (pre-plant fumigation) we directly measured the ??13C of CH3Br released during...
Seasonal patterns in the soil water balance of a Spartina marsh site at North Inlet, South Carolina, USA
L. R. Gardner, Howard W. Reeves
2002, Wetlands (22) 467-477
Time series of ground-water head at a mid-marsh site near North Inlet, South Carolina, USA can be classified into five types of forcing signatures based on the dominant water flux governing water-level dynamics during a given time interval. The fluxes that can be recognized are recharge by tides and rain,...
Anadromous alewives, Alosa pseudoharengus, as prey for white perch, Morone americana
J.R. Moring, L.H. Mink
2002, Hydrobiologia (479) 125-130
The reintroduction of anadromous alewives, Alosa pseudoharengus, to their historic habitats in the inland waters of the United States and Canada, has prompted concerns about possible interactions with a popular sport fish, white perch, Morone americana. Both species are now widely distributed in northeastern North America. Diets of white perch...
Hydrogeologic processes in saline systems: Playas, sabkhas, and saline lakes
Y. Yechieli, W.W. Wood
2002, Earth-Science Reviews (58) 343-365
Pans, playas, sabkhas, salinas, saline lakes, and salt flats are hydrologically similar, varying only in their boundary conditions. Thus, in evaluating geochemical processes in these systems, a generic water and solute mass-balance approach can be utilized. A conceptual model of a coastal sabkha near the Arabian Gulf is used as...
A new metric for determining the importance of transient storage
R.L. Runkel
2002, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (21) 529-543
A review of various metrics used to characterize transient storage indicates that none of the existing measures successfully integrate the interaction between advective velocity and the transient storage parameters (storage zone area, storage zone exchange coefficient). Further, 2 existing metrics are related to mean travel time, a quantity that is...
On-orbit radiometric calibration over time and between spacecraft using the moon
H. H. Kieffer, T.C. Stone, R.A. Barnes, S. Bender, R.E. Eplee Jr., J. Mendenhall, L. Ong
Fujisada H.Lurie J.B.Aten M.L.Weber K., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
The Robotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) project has developed a spectral irradiance model of the Moon that accounts for variations with lunar phase through the bright half of a month, lunar librations, and the location of an Earth-orbiting spacecraft. The methodology of comparing spacecraft observations of the Moon with this model...
McCauley Sinks: A compound breccia pipe in evaporite karst, Holbrook Basin, Arizona, U.S.A
J.T. Neal, K.S. Johnson
2002, Carbonates and Evaporites (17) 98-106
The McCauley Sinks, in the Holbrook basin of northeastern Arizona, are comprised of some 50 individual sinkholes within a 3-km-wide depression. The sinks are grouped in a semi-concentric pattern of three nested rings. The outer ring is an apparent tension zone containing ring fractures. The two inner rings are semi-circular...
An approach to estimating river discharge from space
D.M. Bjerklie, S.L. Dingman, C. J. Vorosmarty, C.H. Bolster, R.G. Congalton
Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B.Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper, Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods
Multiple-regression analyses of hydraulic data from more than 1,000 discharge measurements, ranging in magnitude from over 200,000 to less than 1 m3/s, were used to develop generally applicable equations that use potentially observable variables to estimate river discharge using remote sensing techniques. Measurement uncertainty analysis indicates that existing satellite-based sensors...
Dynamic fuzzy modeling of storm water infiltration in urban fractured aquifers
Y.-S. Hong, Michael R. Rosen, R.R. Reeves
2002, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering (7) 380-391
In an urban fractured-rock aquifer in the Mt. Eden area of Auckland, New Zealand, disposal of storm water is via "soakholes" drilled directly into the top of the fractured basalt rock. The dynamic response of the groundwater level due to the storm water infiltration shows characteristics of a strongly time-varying...
Potential for restoration of the Roanoke River population of Atlantic sturgeon
J.L. Armstrong, J.E. Hightower
2002, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (18) 475-480
The Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) was historically abundant within Albemarie Sound and the Roanoke River in North Carolina, but declined dramatically in the late 1800s in response to intensive fishing. Recent evidence suggests that the population may be recovering, following a statewide prohibition on harvest in 1991. A recruitment...
Holocene vegetation and climate history of the northern Bighorn Basin, southern Montana
M.E. Lyford, J.L. Betancourt, S.T. Jackson
2002, Quaternary Research (58) 171-181
Records of Holocene vegetation and climate change at low elevations (<2000 m) are rare in the central Rocky Mountain region. We developed a record of Holocene vegetation and climate change from 55 14C-dated woodrat middens at two low-elevation sites (1275 to 1590 m, currently vegetated by Juniperus osteosperma woodlands, in...
The unionid (Bivalvia) fauna of the Sipsey River in northwestern Alabama, an aquatic hotspot
W. Henry McCullagh, James D. Williams, Stuart W. McGregor, J. Malcom Pierson, Charles Lydeard
2002, American Malacological Bulletin (17) 1-15
Recent surveys for unionid bivalves were conducted in the mainstem of the Sipsey River and headwater tributaries (Tombigbee River drainage) during the summer and autumn of 1996-1999. A total of 35 species and 22 genera were found. Museum records from the upper Sipsey, based largely on the efforts of H....
Impacts of off-road vehicles on nitrogen cycles in biological soil crusts: Resistance in different U.S. deserts
Jayne Belnap
2002, Journal of Arid Environments (52) 155-165
Biological soil crusts are an important component of desert ecosystems, as they influence soil stability and fertility. This study examined and compared the short-term vehicular impacts on lichen cover and nitrogenase activity (NA) of biological soil crusts. Experimental disturbance was applied to different types of soil in regions throughout the...
Crosswell seismic investigation of hydraulically conductive, fracture bedrock near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire
K.J. Ellefsen, P. A. Hsieh, A.M. Shapiro
2002, Journal of Applied Geophysics (50) 299-317
Near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire (USA), hydraulically conductive, fractured bedrock was investigated with the crosswell seismic method to determine whether this method could provide any information about hydraulic conductivity between wells. To this end, crosswell seismic data, acoustic logs from boreholes, image logs from...
Gold deposits in the Xiaoqinling-Xiong'ershan region, Qinling mountains, central China
J. Mao, R.J. Goldfarb, Z. Zhang, W. Xu, Yumin Qiu, J. Deng
2002, Mineralium Deposita (37) 306-325
The gold-rich Xiaoqinling-Xiong'ershan region in eastern Shaanxi and western Henan provinces, central China, lies about 30-50 km inland of the southern margin of the North China craton. More than 100 gold deposits and occurrences are concentrated in the Xiaoqinling (west), Xiaoshan (middle), and Xiong'ershan (east) areas. Late Archean gneiss of...
Spatial variability of shelf sediments in the STRATAFORM natural laboratory, Northern California
J.A. Goff, R. A. Wheatcroft, H. Lee, D.E. Drake, D.J.P. Swift, S. Fan
2002, Continental Shelf Research (22) 1199-1223
The "Correlation Length Experiment", an intensive box coring effort on the Eel River shelf (Northern California) in the summer of 1997, endeavored to characterize the lateral variability of near-surface shelf sediments over scales of meters to kilometers. Coring focused on two sites, K60 and S60, separated by ??? 15 km...
Strontium isotopic signatures of the streams and lakes of Taylor Valley, Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica: Chemical weathering in a polar climate
W.B. Lyons, C.A. Nezat, L. V. Benson, T.D. Bullen, E.Y. Graham, J. Kidd, K.A. Welch
2002, Aquatic Geochemistry (8) 75-95
We have collected and analyzed a series of water samples from three closed-basin lakes (Lakes Bonney, Fryxell, and Hoare) in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, and the streams that flow into them. In all three lakes, the hypolimnetic waters have different 87Sr/86Sr ratios than the surface waters, with the deep water of...
Cirsium nuttallii (Asteraceae: Cynareae) new to North Carolina and an illustrated key to southeastern congeners
A. Krings, R. Westbrooks, J. Lloyd
2002, SIDA, Contributions to Botany (20) 845-848
Cirsium nuttallii (Asteraceae) is documented for North Carolina. The species had previously been known from Florida to South Carolina and from disjunct populations in Virginia. An illustrated key is provided to aid others in the diagnosis of Cirsium in North Carolina and the southeast....
The flora of Oktibbeha County, Mississippi
A. Leidolf, S. McDaniel, T. Nuttle
2002, SIDA, Contributions to Botany (20) 691-765
We surveyed the flora of Oktibbeha County, Mississippi, U.S.A., from February 1994 to 1996. Occupying 118 square kilometers in east-central Mississippi, Oktibbeha County lies among 3 physiographic regions that include, from west to east, Interior Flatwoods, Pontotoc Ridge, and Black Prairie. Accordingly, the county harbors a diverse flora. Based on...
Miocene extension and fault-related folding in the Highland Range, southern Nevada: A three-dimensional perspective
J. E. Faulds, E.L. Olson, S. S. Harlan, W. C. McIntosh
2002, Journal of Structural Geology (24) 861-886
The Highland Range of southern Nevada contains a major anticline and syncline that constitute the westernmost segments of the Black Mountains accommodation zone in the highly extended Colorado River extensional corridor. The folds are defined by thick tilted sections of Miocene volcanic and sedimentary strata that accumulated immediately prior to...
A landscape ecology approach to assessing development impacts in the tropics: A geothermal energy example in Hawaii
J. A. Griffith, C.C. Trettin, R. V. O’Neill
2002, Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography (23) 1-22
Geographic information systems (GIS) are increasingly being used in environmental impact assessments (EIA) because GIS is useful for analysing spatial impacts of various development scenarios. Spatially representing these impacts provides another tool for landscape ecology in environmental and geographical investigations by facilitating analysis of the effects of landscape patterns on...
Selenium stable isotope ratios in California agricultural drainage water management systems
M.J. Herbel, T.M. Johnson, K.K. Tanji, S. Gao, T.D. Bullen
2002, Journal of Environmental Quality (31) 1146-1156
Selenium stable isotope ratios are known to shift in predictable ways during various microbial, chemical, and biological processes, and can be used to better understand Se cycling in contaminated environments. In this study we used Se stable isotopes to discern the mechanisms controlling the transformation of oxidized, aqueous forms of...
Sequestration of priority pollutant PAHs from sediment pore water employing semipermeable membrane devices
K.S. Williamson, J. D. Petty, J.N. Huckins, J.A. Lebo, E.M. Kaiser
2002, Chemosphere (49) 717-729
Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were employed to sample sediment pore water in static exposure studies under controlled laboratory conditions using (control pond and formulated) sediments fortified with 15 priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPPAHs). The sediment fortification level of 750 ng/g was selected on the basis of what might be...
