Industrial garnet
D.W. Olson
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 41-42
A general overview of the industrial garnet industry is provided. About 20 percent of global industrial garnet production takes place in the U.S. During 2000, an estimated 300 kt of industrial garnets were produced worldwide. The U.S. is the world's largest consumer of industrial garnet, consuming 56.9 kt in 2000....
Ball clay
R.L. Virta
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 20-21
Part of the 2000 annual review of the industrial minerals sector. A general overview of the ball clay industry is provided. In 2000, sales of ball clay reached record levels, with sanitary ware and tile applications accounting for the largest sales. Ball clay production, consumption, prices, foreign trade, and industry...
Gemstones
D.W. Olson
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 36-37
Part of the 2000 annual review of the industrial minerals sector. A general overview of the gemstones industry is provided. Although no extensive commercial mining of gemstones takes place in the U.S., it is the world's leading gemstone market. Total U.S. gemstone trade exceeded $16.9 billion in 2000....
Kaolin
R.L. Virta
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 42-43
Part of the 2000 annual review of the industrial minerals sector. A general overview of the kaolin industry is provided. In 2000, production of kaolin was estimated to be 8.87 Mt, which is less than the amount produced in 1999. Domestic sales of kaolin decreased in 2000, with sales of...
Industrial diamond
D.W. Olson
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 40-41
An overview of the industrial diamond industry is provided. More than 90 percent of the industrial diamond consumed in the U.S. and the rest of the world is manufactured diamond. Ireland, Japan, Russia, and the U.S. produce 75 percent of the global industrial diamond output. In 2000, the U.S. was...
Fluorspar
M. Miller
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 33-34
A general overview of the fluorspar industry is provided. The U.S. had no reported mine production in 2000. Imports, sales from the U.S. National Defense Stockpile, and small amounts of synthetic fluorspar met domestic fluorspar needs. According to the U.S. Geographical Survey, 509 kt of fluorspar was consumed domestically....
Construction aggregates
W.P. Bolen, V.V. Tepordei
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 30-31
The estimated production during 2000 of construction aggregates, crushed stone, and construction sand and gravel increased by about 2.6% to 2.7 Gt (3 billion st), compared with 1999. The expansion that started in 1992 continued with record production levels for the ninth consecutive year. By commodity, construction sand and gravel...
Common clay and shale
R.L. Virta
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 29-29
Part of the 2000 annual review of the industrial minerals sector. A general overview of the common clay and shale industry is provided. In 2000, U.S. production increased by 5 percent, while sales or use declined to 23.6 Mt. Despite the slowdown in the economy, no major changes are expected...
Magnesium compounds
D.A. Kramer
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 46-47
Seawater and natural brines accounted for about 63% of US magnesium compounds production during 2000. Premier Services in Florida, Dow Chemical in Michigan, Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties, and Rohm & Haas recovered dead-burned and caustic-calcined magnesias from seawater. And Premier Services' recoveries, in Nevada, were from magnasite....
Nitrogen
D.A. Kramer
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 48-49
US ammonia production in 2000 declined by about 7% from 1999. The largest decline occurred in the second half of the year. High natural gas prices caused many plants to close or curtail production near the end of the year. By year-end, about one-third of the US ammonia production capacity...
Soil analyses for 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-DCP), sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate (metam-sodium), and their degradation products near Fort Hall Idaho, September 1999 through March 2000
D. J. Parliman
2001, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4052
Between September 1999 and March 2000, soil samples from the Fort Hall, Idaho, area were analyzed for two soil fumigants, 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-DCP) and sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate (metam-sodium), and their degradation products. Ground water is the only source of drinking water at Fort Hall, and the purpose of the investigation was to...
Estimating monthly and annual streamflow statistics at ungaged sites in Idaho
Jon Hortness, Charles Berenbrock
2001, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4093
Updated monthly and annual streamflow information for the many ungaged streams throughout Idaho is needed to assist planners and managers with issues regarding fish and wildlife, water rights, and other land and water uses. To provide this information, the U.S. Geological Survey used a multiple-regression analysis to develop equations for...
Annual production of burrowing mayfly nymphs (Hexagenia spp.) in U.S. waters of Lake St. Clair
Thomas A. Edsall, Robert C. Haas, Jean V. Adams
2001, Journal of Great Lakes Research (27) 449-456
Burrowing mayfly nymphs (Hexagenia spp.) were sampled monthly, September through October 1995 and April through August 1996, with a standard Ponar grab (538 cm2 jaw opening) at 16 stations in U.S. waters of Lake St. Clair. Annual production (production, P) was 0 to 477 mg dry weight/m2 at three stations where pollution and...
Water chemistry at Snowshoe Mountain, Colorado: mixed processes in a common bedrock
A.R. Hoch, M.M. Reddy
2001, Book, Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction
At Snowshoe Mountain the primary bedrock is quite homogeneous, but weathering processes vary as waters moves through the soils, vadose zone and phreatic zone of the subsurface. In the thin soil, physical degradation of tuff facilitates preferential dissolution of potassium ion from glass within the rock matrix, while other...
Mycoplasma agassizii sp., nov., isolated from the upper respiratory tract of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) and the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus).
Mary E. Brown, D.R. Brown, P.A. Kelin, G.S. McLaughlin, Isabella M. Schumacher, E.R. Jacobson, H.P. Adams, J.G. Tully
2001, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (51) 413-418
Biochemical, serological and molecular genetic studies were performed on seven mycoplasma isolates that were recovered from the upper respiratory tract of clinically ill desert tortoises. The isolates were serologically related to each other but serologically distinct from previously described species. Unique mycoplasma species-specific 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences were found in...
Use of serum biochemistry to evaluate nutritional status and health of incubating common eiders (Somateria mollissima) in Finland
T. Hollmen, J. C. Franson, Martti Hario, S. Sankari, Mikaei Kilpi, K. Lindstrom
2001, Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (74) 333-342
During 1997–1999, we collected serum samples from 156 common eider (Somateria mollissima) females incubating eggs in the Finnish archipelago of the Baltic Sea. We used serum chemistry profiles to evaluate metabolic changes in eiders during incubation and to compare the health and nutritional status of birds nesting at a breeding...
Stratigraphic and paleontologic studies of the Neogene and Quaternary sediments in southern Jackson County, Mississippi
Gregory S. Gohn, editor(s)
2001, Open-File Report 01-415
Patterns in abundance of fishes in main channels of the upper Mississippi River system
J.M. Dettmers, S. Gutreuter, David H. Wahl, D.A. Soluk
2001, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (58) 933-942
Abundance of fishes of the main channels of the upper Mississippi River system and of other large North American rivers is largely unknown because historic sampling methods have been inadequate. We used a bottom trawl to estimate spatial and temporal patterns in abundance in the navigation channels of Pool 26...
Whitebark pine, grizzly bears, and red squirrels
David J. Mattson, Katherine C. Kendall, Daniel P. Reinhart
Diana F. Tomback, Stephen F. Arno, Robert E. Keane, editor(s)
2001, Book chapter, Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration
Appropriately enough, much of this book is devoted to discussing management challenges and techniques. However, the impetus for action—the desire to save whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) - necessarily arises from the extent to which we cherish it for its beauty and its connections with other things that we value. Whitebark...
Cytochrome b sequences in black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) from heronries exposed to genotoxic contaminants
Christopher R. Dahl, John W. Bickham, Jeffery K. Wickliffe, Thomas W. Custer
2001, Ecotoxicology (10) 291-296
DNA sequence analysis of a 215 base-pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was used to examine genetic variation and search for evidence of an increased mutation rate in black-crowned night-herons. We examined five populations exposed to environmental contamination (primarily PAHs and PCBs) and one reference population from the...
Proceedings of the fifth biennial conference of research on the Colorado Plateau
K.A. Thomas, M.A. Stuart
Charles van Riper III, editor(s)
2001, Report
After site selection and before data analysis: sampling, sorting, and laboratory procedures used in stream benthic macroinvertebrate monitoring programs by USA state agencies
James L. Carter, Vincent H. Resh
2001, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (20) 658-682
A survey of methods used by US state agencies for collecting and processing benthic macroinvertebrate samples from streams was conducted by questionnaire; 90 responses were received and used to describe trends in methods. The responses represented an estimated 13,000-15,000 samples collected and processed per year. Kicknet devices were used in...
Precision and bias of largemouth, smallmouth, and spotted bass ages estimated from scales, whole otoliths, and sectioned otoliths
James M. Long, William L. Fisher
2001, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (21) 636-645
We compared the precision and bias of age estimates derived from scales, whole otoliths, and sectioned otoliths and by readers of varying experience level for largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, smallmouth bass M. dolomieu, and spotted bass M. punctulatus from Skiatook Lake, Oklahoma. Precision was assessed with the coefficient...
Linking habitat selection to brood success in greater sage-grouse
Michael L. Casazza, Peter S. Coates, Cory T. Overton
2001, Studies in Avian Biology (39) 151-167
Examining links between the fitness of individual organisms and their habitat-based decisions is useful to identify key resources for conservation and management of a species, especially at multiple spatial scales because selection of habitat attributes may vary with spatial scale. Decisions of habitat use by brood-rearing Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)...
Food webs including parasites, biomass, body sizes, and life stages for three California/Baja California estuaries
Ryan F. Hechinger, Kevin D. Lafferty, John P. McLaughlin, Brian L. Fredensborg, Todd C. Huspeni, Julio Lorda, Parwant K. Sandhu, Jenny C. Shaw, Mark E. Torchin, Kathleen L. Whitney, Armand M. Kuris
2001, Ecology (92) 791
This data set presents food webs for three North American Pacific coast estuaries and a “Metaweb” composed of the species/stages compiled from all three estuaries. The webs have four noteworthy attributes: (1) parasites (infectious agents), (2) body-size information, (3) biomass information, and (4) ontogenetic stages of many animals with complex...
