Flood dependency of cottonwood establishment along the Missouri River, Montana, USA
Michael L. Scott, Gregor T. Auble, Jonathan M. Friedman
1997, Ecological Applications (7) 677-690
Flow variability plays a central role in structuring the physical environment of riverine ecosystems. However, natural variability in flows along many rivers has been modified by water management activities. We quantified the relationship between flow and establishment of the dominant tree (plains cottonwood, Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera) along one of the least hydrologically...
Water-level changes in response to the 20 December 1994 earthquake near Parkfield, California
Eddie Quilty, Evelyn A. Roeloffs
1997, Bulletin of Seismological Society of America (87) 310-317
We analyze co-seismic changes of water level in nine wells near Parkfield, California, produced by an MD 4.7 earthquake on 20 December 1994 in order to test the hypothesis that co-seismic water-level changes are proportional to co-seismic volumetric strain. For each well, a quantitative relationship between water level and volumetric strain can...
Classification of mineral deposits into types using mineralogy with a probabilistic neural network
Donald A. Singer, Ryoichi Kouda
1997, Nonrenewable Resources (6) 27-32
In order to determine whether it is desirable to quantify mineral-deposit models further, a test of the ability of a probabilistic neural network to classify deposits into types based on mineralogy was conducted. Presence or absence of ore and alteration mineralogy in well-typed deposits were used to train the network....
Estimating ground-water recharge from streamflow hydrographs for a small mountain watershed in a temperate humid climate, New Hampshire, USA
David P. Mau, Thomas C. Winter
1997, Groundwater (35) 291-304
Hydrographs of stream discharge were analyzed to determine ground-water recharge for two small basins draining into Mirror Lake, New Hampshire. Two methods of hydrograph analysis developed for determining ground-water recharge were evaluated, the instantaneous recharge method and the constant recharge method. For the instantaneous recharge method, recharge is assumed to...
Perceptions of species abundance, distribution, and diversity: Lessons from four decades of sampling on a government-managed reserve
J. Whitfield Gibbons, Vincent J. Burke, Jefferey E. Lovich, Raymond D. Semlitsch, Tracey D. Tuberville, J. Russell Bodie, Judith L. Greene, Peter H. Niewiarowski, Howard H. Whiteman, David E. Scott, Joseph H. K. Pechmann, Christopher R. Harrison, Stephen H. Bennett, John D. Krenz, Mark S. Mills, Kurt A. Buhlmann, John R. Lee, Richard A. Seigel, Anton D. Tucker, Tony M. Mills, Trip Lamb, Michael E. Dorcas, Justin D. Congdon, Michael H. Smith, David H. Nelson, M. Barbara Dietsch, Hugh G. Hanlin, Jeannine A. Ott, Deno J. Karapatakis
1997, Environmental Management (21) 259-268
We examined data relative to species abundance, distribution, and diversity patterns of reptiles and amphibians to determine how perceptions change over time and with level of sampling effort. Location data were compiled on more than one million individual captures or observations of 98 species during a 44-year study period on...
The effect of diet on dorsal fin erosion in steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
William A. Lellis, Frederic T. Barrows
1997, Aquaculture (156) 229-240
A 2 × 2 factorial experiment of diet type (krill vs. fish meal) and steroid supplementation (0 vs. 30 μg 17α-methyltestosterone kg−) was conducted to determine the effects on dorsal fin erosion in steelhead trout. Triplicate tanks of 250 fry were fed one of the four diets at a rate...
New K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages of plutonism, hydrothermal alteration, and mineralization in the central Wasatch Mountains, Utah
David A. John, B. D. Turrin, R. J. Miller
1997, Society of Economic Geologists guidebook series (29) 47-57
Twenty-one new K-Ar and 10 new 40Ar/39Ar ages are reported for igneous and hydrothermal minerals from intrusive rocks of the Wasatch igneous belt in the central Wasatch Mountains. Interpretation of our new data combined with previously published K-Ar ages and with new 40Ar/39Ar and U-Pb ages reported by Vogel et al. (1997)...
Some comparisons between recent ground-motion relations
Gail M. Atkinson, David Boore
1997, Seismological Research Letters (68) 24-40
We provide an overview of new ground-motion relations for eastern North America (ENA) developed over the last five years. The empirical-stochastic relations of Atkinson and Boore (1995) are compared to relations developed by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI, 1993; also Toro et al., 1994), Frankel et al. (1996), and the consensus ENA...
Structural underpinnings and neotectonics of the southern Illinois Basin: An overview
Dennis R. Kolata, T.G. Hildenbrand
1997, Seismological Research Letters (68) 499-510
The southern end of the Illinois Basin is one of the most structurally complex regions in the Midcontinent United States. Two major structural elements characterize this part of the basin: (1) A broad southwestward-plunging cratonic depression extends across central Illinois and southwestern Indiana. Investigations of historical and prehistorical earthquakes in...
A new method for automated dynamic calibration of tipping-bucket rain gauges
M.D. Humphrey, J.D. Istok, J.Y. Lee, J.A. Hevesi, A. L. Flint
1997, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (14) 1513-1519
Existing methods for dynamic calibration of tipping-bucket rain gauges (TBRs) can be time consuming and labor intensive. A new automated dynamic calibration system has been developed to calibrate TBRs with minimal effort. The system consists of a programmable pump, datalogger, digital balance, and computer. Calibration is performed in two steps:...
Production of activated char from Illinois coal for flue gas cleanup
A.A. Lizzio, J.A. DeBarr, C.W. Kruse
1997, Energy and Fuels (11) 250-259
Activated chars were produced from Illinois coal and tested in several flue gas cleanup applications. High-activity chars that showed excellent potential for both SO2 and NOx removal were prepared from an Illinois No. 2 bituminous coal. The SO2 (120 °C) and NOx (25 °C) removal performance of one char compared...
Tungstorhenate heteropolyanions. 2. Synthesis and characterization of enneatungstorhenates(V), -(VI), and -(VII)
F. Ortega, M.T. Pope, H. T. Evans
1997, Inorganic Chemistry (36) 2166-2169
The tungstorhenate(V) heteropolyanion [W9ReO32]5- has been isolated as guanidinium and cesium salts from reaction of [ReO2(PPh3)(py)3]+ with sodium tungstate. Crystallographic analysis of black Cs5[W9ReO32]·3H2O [triclinic, P1 or P1̄; a = 10.194(1), b = 11.503(2), c = 9.682(1) Å; α = 100.55(1), β = 115.81(1), γ = 99.13(1)°; Z = 1], based on 3743 reflections, shows the anion to be isostructural with decatungstate,...
DDE still high in white-faced ibis eggs from Carson Lake, Nevada
Charles J. Henny
1997, Colonial Waterbirds (20) 478-484
White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi) eggs collected in 1996 at Carson Lake, Nevada, showed no decrease in p,p′-DDE (DDE) concentrations from levels in 1985 and 1986 which is contrary to DDE patterns shown for most avian species. An estimated 40-45% of the population was adversely affected by DDE in 1985, 1986,...
Jonah field, Sublette County, Wyoming: Gas production from overpressured Upper Cretaceous Lance sandstones of the Green River basin
Scott L. Montgomery, J. W. Robinson
1997, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (81) 1049-1062
Jonah field, located in the northwestern Green River basin, Wyoming, produces gas from overpressured fluvial channel sandstones of the Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation. Reservoirs exist in isolated and amalgamated channel facies 10-100 ft (3-30 m) thick and 150-4000 ft (45-1210 m) wide, deposited by meandering and braided streams. Compositional and...
Testing prediction methods: Earthquake clustering versus the Poisson model
A.J. Michael
1997, Geophysical Research Letters (24) 1891-1894
Testing earthquake prediction methods requires statistical techniques that compare observed success to random chance. One technique is to produce simulated earthquake catalogs and measure the relative success of predicting real and simulated earthquakes. The accuracy of these tests depends on the validity of the statistical model...
Terbuthylazine and deethylterbuthylazine in rain and surface water: Determination by enzyme immunoassay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
A. Dankwardt, E.M. Thurman, B. Hock
1997, Acta Hydrochimica et Hydrobiologica (25) 5-10
Rain and surface water samples from Southern Germany were investigated from 1991 to 1995 for terbuthylazine and one of its major metabolites, deethylterbuthylazine. The concentrations observed were compared to the concentrations found for atrazine and deethylatrazine in the same water samples. Concentrations ranged from < 0.02 μg/L to 0.7 μg/L...
Physical stratigraphy and hydrostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous and Paleocene sediments, Burke and Screven Counties, Georgia
W. F. Falls, J. S. Baum, D.C. Prowell
1997, Southeastern Geology (36) 153-176
Six geologic units are recognized in the Cretaceous and the Paleocene sediments of eastern Burke and Screven Counties in Georgia on the basis of lithologic, geophysical, and paleontologic data collected from three continuously cored testholes in Georgia and one testhole in South Carolina. The six geologic units are separated by...
Source-sink dynamics and the coexistence of species on a single resource
M. Loreau, D.L. DeAngelis
1997, Theoretical Population Biology (51) 79-93
We investigate the potential for coexistence of species that compete for a shared resource when the resource occurs in both a source area acting as a refuge and a sink area where it is used by the competing species. Our model shows that the mixing rate between the source and...
Climatic/Hydrologic Oscillations since 155,000 yr B.P. at Owens Lake, California, Reflected in Abundance and Stable Isotope Composition of Sediment Carbonate
K.M. Menking, J. L. Bischoff, J.A. Fitzpatrick, J.W. Burdette, R. O. Rye
1997, Quaternary Research (48) 58-68
Sediment grain size, carbonate content, and stable isotopes in 70-cm-long (∼1500-yr) channel samples from Owens Lake core OL-92 record many oscillations representing climate change in the eastern Sierra Nevada region since 155,000 yr B.P. To first order, the records match well the marine δ18O record. At Owens Lake, however,...
The use of multifrequency and polarimetric SIR-C/X-SAR data in geologic studies of Bir Safsaf, Egypt
G. G. Schaber, J.F. McCauley, C. S. Breed
1997, Remote Sensing of Environment (59) 337-363
Bir Safsaf, within the hyperarid 'core' of the Sahara in the Western Desert of Egypt, was recognized following the SIR-A and SIR-B missions in the 1980s as one of the key localities in northeast Africa, where penetration of dry sand by radar signals delineates previously unknown, sand-buried paleodrainage valleys ('radar-rivers')...
Application of the LI-COR CO2 analyzer to volcanic plumes: a case study, volcán Popocatépetl, Mexico, June 7 and 10, 1995
T.M. Gerlach, H. Delgado, K.A. McGee, M.P. Doukas, J.J. Venegas, L. Cardenas
1997, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (102) 8005-8019
Volcanic CO2 emission rate data are sparse despite their potential importance for constraining the role of magma degassing in the biogeochemical cycle of carbon and for assessing volcanic hazards. We used a LI-COR CO2 analyzer to determine volcanic CO2 emission rates by airborne measurements in volcanic plumes at Popocatépetl volcano...
Eustatic and tectonic control of deposition of the lower and middle Pennsylvanian strata of the Central Appalachian Basin
D.R. Chesnut Jr.
1997, Prace - Panstwowego Instytutu Geologicznego 39-41
Stratigraphic analysis of Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian rocks of part of the Central Appalachian Basin reveals two orders of cycles and one overall trend in the vertical sequence of coal-bearing rocks. The smallest order cycle, the coal-clastic cycle, begins at the top of a major-resource coal bed and is composed...
Determination of lead, cadmium, indium, thallium and silver in ancient ices from Antarctica by isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry
A. Matsumoto, Todd K. Hinkley
1997, Geochemical Journal (31) 175-181
The concentrations of five chalcophile elements (Pb, Cd, In, Tl and Ag) and the lead isotope ratios in ancient ices from the Taylor Dome near coastal Antarctica, have been determined by the isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS), with ultra-clean laboratory techniques. The samples were selected from segments of cores,...
Harmonic Analysis of Sedimentary Cyclic Sequences in Kansas, Midcontinent, USA
D. F. Merriam, J.E. Robinson
1997, Mathematical Geology (29) 953-962
Several stratigraphic sequences in the Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) in Kansas (Midcontinent, USA) were analyzed quantitatively for periodic repetitions. The sequences were coded by lithologic type into strings of datasets. The strings then were analyzed by an adaptation of a one-dimensional Fourier transform analysis and examined for evidence of periodicity. The...
Effects of habitat suitability on the survival of relocated freshwater mussels
Hannah M. Hamilton, Jayne Brim-Box, Robert M. Dorazio
1997, Regulated Rivers: Research & Management (13) 537-541
Freshwater mussels are often relocated from existing beds for both conservation and management reasons. In this study, we empirically tested whether the habitat type at the destination site was important in predicting the success of mussel relocation. In 1993, four species of freshwater mussels were relocated in the Apalachicola River...
