Potential for negative emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O) through coastal peatland re-establishment: Novel insights from high frequency flux data at meter and kilometer scales
Lisamarie Windham-Myers, Brian A. Bergamaschi, Frank A. Anderson, Sarah Knox, Robin Miller, Roger Fujii
2018, Environmental Research Letters (13) 1-14
High productivity temperate wetlands that accrete peat via belowground biomass (peatlands) may be managed for climate mitigation benefits due to their global distribution and notably negative emissions of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) through rapid storage of carbon (C) in anoxic soils. Net emissions of additional greenhouse gases (GHG)—methane (CH4) and...
Secular changes in Cenozoic arc magmatism recorded by trends in forearc-basin sandstone composition, Cook Inlet, southern Alaska
Kenneth P. Helmold, Marwan A. Wartes, Robert J. Gillis, David L. LePain, Trystan M. Herriott, Richard G. Stanley, Michael D. Wilson
Raymond V. Ingersoll, Timothy F. Lawton, Stephan A. Graham, editor(s)
2018, Book chapter, Tectonics, sedimentary basins, and provenance: A celebration of the career of William R. Dickinson
A robust set of modal composition data (238 samples) for Eocene to Pliocene sandstone from the Cook Inlet forearc basin of southern Alaska reveals strong temporal trends in composition, particularly in the abundance of volcanic lithic grains. Field and petrographic point-count data from the northwestern side of the basin indicate...
Controls on deep direct-use thermal energy storage (DDU-TES) in the Portland Basin, Oregon, USA
Erick R. Burns, Trenton T. Cladouhos, C.F. Williams, Bershaw
2018, Conference Paper, Geothermal's role in today's energy: Geothermal Resources Council Annual Meeting (GRC 2018)
Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage is being evaluated as a complementary technology to Deep Direct-Use for the Portland Basin, Oregon, USA. Aquifers can be used to efficiently distribute and store heat for seasonal use. The use of injection-extraction well pairs precludes the need to store or dispose of large volumes of...
Clarification of the term “normal material” used for standard atomic weights (IUPAC Technical Report)
Tyler B. Coplen, Norman E. Holden, Michael E. Wieser, J.K. Bohlke
2018, Pure and Applied Chemistry (90) 1221-1224
The standard atomic weights of the elements apply to normal materials. Since 1984, the Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (Commission) has defined a normal material as:“The material is a reasonably possible source for this element or its compounds in commerce, for industry or science; the material is...
Life history with emphasis on geographic variation
Jeffrey E. Lovich, J. Whitfield Gibbons, Kathryn Greene
Willem M. Roosenburg, Victor S. Kennedy, editor(s)
2018, Book chapter, Ecology and conservation of the diamond-backed terrapin
Every organism is defined by a set of vital rates that evolve to enhance lifetime reproductive fitness and survival of individuals and their progeny. These traits vary due to the complex but sometimes predictable interactions between individuals, populations and their environments. Collectively, these attributes are referred to as life history...
Predicting geogenic arsenic in drinking water wells in glacial aquifers, north-central USA: Accounting for depth-dependent features
Melinda L. Erickson, Sarah M. Elliott, Catherine Christenson, Aliesha L. Krall
2018, Water Resources Research (54) 10172-10187
Chronic exposure to arsenic (As) via drinking groundwater is a human health concern worldwide. Probabilities of elevated geogenic As concentrations in groundwater were predicted in complex, glacial aquifers in Minnesota, north‐central USA, a region that commonly has elevated As concentrations in well water. Maps of elevated As hazard were created...
Global conservation status of turtles and tortoises (order Testudines)
Anders G.J. Rhodin, Craig B. Stanford, Peter Paul van Dijk, Carla Eisemberg, Luca Luiselli, Russell A. Mittermeier, Rick Hudson, Brian D. Horne, Eric Goode, Gerald Kuchling, Andrew Walde, Ernst H. W. Baard, Kristin H. Berry, Albert Bertolero, Torsten E. G. Blanck, Roger Bour, Kurt A. Buhlmann, Linda J. Cayot, Sydney Collett, Andrea Currylow, Indraneil Das, Tomas Diagne, Joshua R. Ennen, German Forero-Medina, Matthew G. Frankel, Uwe Fritz, Gerardo Garcia, J. Whitfield Gibbons, Paul M. Gibbons, Gong Shiping, Joko Guntoro, Margaretha D. Hofmeyr, John B. Iverson, A. Ross Kiester, Michael Lau, Dwight P. Lawson, Jeffrey E. Lovich, Edward O. Moll, Vivian P. Paez, Rosalinda Palomo-Ramos, Kalyar Platt, Steven G. Platt, Peter C. H. Pritchard, Hugh R. Quinn, Shahriar Caesar Rahman, Soary Tahafe Randrianjafizanaka, Jason Schaffer, Will Selman, H. Bradley Shaffer, Dionysius S. K. Sharma, Shi Haitao, Shailendra Singh, Ricky Spencer, Kahleana Stannard, Sarah Sutcliffe, Scott Thomson, Richard C. Vogt
2018, Chelonian Conservation and Biology (17) 135-161
We present a review and analysis of the conservation status and International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) threat categories of all 360 currently recognized species of extant and recently extinct turtles and tortoises (Order Testudines). Our analysis is based on the 2018 IUCN Red List status of 251 listed...
Geospatial data for developing nutrient SPARROW models for the Midcontinental region of Canada and the United States
Ivana Vouk, Richard S. Burcher, Craig M. Johnston, R. Wayne Jenkinson, David A. Saad, John S. Gaiot, Glenn A. Benoy, Dale M. Robertson, Michael Laitta
2018, Technical Report OCRE-TR-2018-014
Through the International Watersheds Initiative of the International Joint Commission (IJC), the SpatiallyReferenced Regressions on Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is being applied to the Great Lakes, Rainy River – Lake of the Woods and Red-Assiniboine basins. The objective of this binational application of...
Informing our successors: What botanical information for Santa Cruz Island will researchers and conservation managers in the century ahead need the most?
John M. Randall, Kathryn McEachern, John Knapp, Paula Power, Steve Junak, Kristina Gill, Denise Knapp, Matt Guilliams
2018, Western North American Naturalist (78) 888-901
Climate changes are predicted to drive changes in plant species composition and vegetation cover around the world. Preserved specimens and other botanical information that we gather today—a period future practitioners may look back on as an early stage of modern anthropogenic climate change—will be of value to conservation managers and...
Grasslands
Elise Pendall, Dominique Bachelet, Richard T. Conant, Bassil El Masri, Lawrence B. Flanagan, Alan K. Knapp, Jinxun Liu, Shuguang Liu, Sean M. Schaeffer
Nancy Cavallaro, Gyami Shrestha, Richard Birdsey, Melanie A. Mayes, Raymond G. Najjar, Sasha C. Reed, Patricia Romero-Lankao, Zhiliang Zhu, editor(s)
2018, Report, Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR2): A Sustained Assessment Report
Key findings:Total grassland carbon stocks in the conterminous United States, estimated to be about 7.4 petagrams of carbon (Pg C) in 2005, are projected to increase to about 8.2 Pg C by 2050. Although U.S. grasslands are expected to remain carbon sinks over this period, the uptake rate is projected...
Alaska
Carl Markon, Stephen T. Gray, Matthew Berman, Laura Eerkes-Medrano, Thomas Hennessy, Henry P. Huntington, Jeremy S. Littell, Molly McCammon, Richard Thoman, Sarah Trainor
David Reidmiller, C. W. Avery, D. R. Easterling, K. E. Kunkel, K. L. M. Lewis, T. K. Maycock, B. C. Stewart, editor(s)
2018, Report, Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II
Alaska is the largest state in the Nation, almost one-fifth the size of the combined lower 48 United States, and is rich in natural capital resources. Alaska is often identified as being on the front lines of <a class="glossarizer_replaced" title="Changes in average weather conditions that persist over multiple decades or longer....
Hawai‘i and U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands
Victoria Keener, David Helweg, Susan Asam, Seema Balwani, Maxine Burkett, Charles Fletcher, Thomas Giambelluca, Zena Grecni, Malia Nobrega-Olivera, Jeffrey Polovina, Gordon Tribble
David Reidmiller, C. W. Avery, D. R. Easterling, K. E. Kunkel, K. L. M. Lewis, T. K. Maycock, B. C. Stewart, editor(s)
2018, Report, Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II
The U.S. Pacific Islands are culturally and environmentally diverse, treasured by the 1.9 million people who call them home. Pacific islands are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts due to their exposure and isolation, small size, low elevation (in the case of atolls), and concentration...
Agriculture
Alexander N. Hristov, Jane M. F. Johnson, Charles W. Rice, Molly E. Brown, Richard T. Conant, Stephen J. Del Grosso, Noel P. Gurwick, C. Alan Rotz, Upendra M. Sainju, R. Howard Skinner, Tristram O. West, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Henry Janzen, Sasha C. Reed, Nancy Cavallaro, Gyami Shrestha
Nancy Cavallaro, Gyami Shrestha, Richard Birdsey, Melanie A. Mayes, Raymond G. Najjar, Sasha C. Reed, Patricia Romero-Lankao, Zhiliang Zhu, editor(s)
2018, Report, Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR2): A Sustained Assessment Report
Agricultural production is a fundamental activity conducted on 45% of the U.S. land area, 55% of Mexico’s land area, and 7% of Canada’s land area (World Bank 2016). Because of this vast spatial extent and the strong role that land management plays in how agricultural ecosystems function, agricultural lands and...
Groundwater modeling
Henk M. Haitjema, Randall J. Hunt
2018, Book chapter, Groundwater: State of the science and practice
The state of the science and practice in groundwater modeling brings to mind highly sophisticated computer models that are running in parallel on many multi-processor machines. These models are expected to incorporate many different processes of both saturated and unsaturated groundwater flow and transport and possibly the media to which...
Southeast
Lynne Carter, Adam J. Terando, Kirstin Dow, Kevin Hiers, Kenneth E. Kunkel, Aranzazu R. Lascurain, Doug Marcy, Michael J. Osland, Paul Schramm
David Reidmiller, C. W. Avery, D. R. Easterling, K. E. Kunkel, K. L. M. Lewis, T. K. Maycock, B. C. Stewart, editor(s)
2018, Report, Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II
The Southeast includes vast expanses of coastal and inland low-lying areas, the southern portion of the Appalachian Mountains, numerous high-growth metropolitan areas, and large rural expanses. These beaches and bayous, fields and forests, and cities and small towns are all at risk from a changing climate. While...
U.S. Caribbean
William A. Gould, Ernesto L. Diaz, Nora L. Alvarez-Berrios, Felix Aponte-Gonzalez, Wayne Archibald, Jared H. Bowden, Lisamarie Carrubba, Wanda Crespo, Stephen J. Fain, Grizelle Gonzalez, Annmarie Goulbourne, Eric Harmsen, Eva Holupchinski, Azad H. Khalyani, James P. Kossin, Amanda J. Leinberger, Vanessa I. Marrero-Santiago, Odalys Martinez-Sanchez, Kathleen McGinley, Pablo Mendez-Lazaro, Julio Morrell, Melissa Melendez Oyola, Isabel K. Pares-Ramos, Roger Pulwarty, William V. Sweet, Adam J. Terando, Sigfredo Torres-González
David Reidmiller, C. W. Avery, D. R. Easterling, K. E. Kunkel, K. L. M. Lewis, T. K. Maycock, B. C. Stewart, editor(s)
2018, Report, Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II
Historically, the U.S. Caribbean region has experienced relatively stable seasonal rainfall patterns, moderate annual temperature fluctuations, and a variety of <a class="glossarizer_replaced" title="A weather event that is rare at a particular place and time of year, including, for example, heat waves, cold waves, heavy rains, periods of drought and flooding, and...
The tectonically controlled San Gabriel Channel–Lobe Transition Zone, Catalina Basin, Southern California Borderland
Katherine L. Maier, Emily C. Roland, Maureen A. L. Walton, James E. Conrad, Daniel S. Brothers, Peter Dartnell, Jared W. Kluesner
2018, Journal of Sedimentary Research (88) 942-959
High-resolution geophysical data across the Catalina Basin, offshore southern California, USA, reveal a complex channel–lobe transition zone (CLTZ) and provide an opportunity to characterize an entire seafloor CLTZ in a tectonically active and confined-basin setting. The seafloor morphology, distribution of depositional and erosional features, and location of depocenters in the...
Fault displacement hazard for strike-slip faults
Mark D. Petersen, Rui Chen
2018, Conference Paper, Earthquake Engineering. National Conference. 11TH 2018. (11NCEE) (12 Vols) Integrating Science, Engineering, and Policy
In this paper we summarize data, methods, and models developed for a probabilistic assessment of fault displacement hazards across the U.S. We compare earthquake displacement data and empirical fault displacement models that have been developed for normal faults, strike-slip faults, and reverse faults. In general, the data and models are...
Little islands recording global events: Late Quaternary sea level history and paleozoogeography of Santa Barbara and Anacapa Islands, Channel Islands National Park, California
Daniel R. Muhs, Lindsey T. Groves
2018, Western North American Naturalist (78) 540-589
Marine terraces are common on the Pacific Coast of North America and record interglacial high-sea stands superimposed on either stable or tectonically rising crustal blocks. Despite many years of study of these landforms in southern California, little work on terraces has been conducted on the two smallest of the California...
Climate change science and modeling
Patricia R. Butler-Leopold, Louis R. Iverson, Frank R. Thompson III, Leslie A. Brandt, Stephen D. Handler, Maria K. Janowiak, P. Danielle Shannon, Christopher W. Swanston, Scott Bearer, Alexander Bryan, Kenneth L. Clark, Greg Czarnecki, Philip DeSenze, William D. Dijak, Jacob S. Fraser, Paul F. Gugger, Andrea Hille, Justin Hynicka, Claire A. Jantz, Matthew C. Kelly, Katrina M. Krause, Inga P. La Puma, Deborah Landau, Richard G. Lathrop Jr., Laura P. Leites, Evan Madlinger, Stephen N. Matthews, Gulnihal Ozbay, Matthew P. Peters, Anantha Prasad, David A. Schmit, Collin Shephard, Rebecca Shirer, Nicholas S. Skowronski, Al Steele, Susan Stout, Melissa Thomas-Van Gundy, John Thompson, Richard M. Turcotte, David A. Weinstein, Alfonso Yanez
2018, Book chapter, General Technical Report NRS-181, Mid-Atlantic forest ecosystem vulnerability assessment and synthesis: A report from the Mid-Atlantic Climate Change Response Framework project
This chapter provides a brief background on climate change science, climate simulation models, and models that project the impacts of changes in climate on tree species and ecosystems. Throughout the chapter, boxes list resources for more information on each topic. A more detailed scientific review of climate change science, trends,...
Preliminary 2018 national seismic hazard model for the conterminous United States
Mark D. Petersen, Allison Shumway, Peter M. Powers, Charles Mueller, Sanaz Rezaeian, Morgan P. Moschetti, Daniel E. McNamara, Eric M. Thompson, Oliver S. Boyd, Nico Luco, Susan M. Hoover, Kenneth S. Rukstales
2018, Conference Paper, Earthquake Engineering. National Conference. 11TH 2018. (11NCEE) (12 Vols) Integrating Science, Engineering, and Policy
The 2014 U.S. Geological Survey national seismic hazard model for the conterminous U.S. will be updated in 2018 and 2020 to coincide with the Building Seismic Safety Council’s Project 17 timeline for development of new building code design criteria. The two closely timed updates are planned to allow more time...
Efficacy of injectable tulathromycin for reduction of vertical transmission of Renibacterium salmoninarum in Spring Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Diane Elliott
2018, Report
Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) caused by Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs) occurs nearly worldwide where wild or cultured salmonid fishes are present. Control of BKD is confounded by its two modes of transmission, horizontal (fish-to-fish) and vertical (from female parent to progeny via the eggs). A highly successful BKD control strategy employed...
Developing a global earthquake risk model
Vitor Silva, Helen Crowley, Kishor S. Jaiswal, Ana Beatriz Acevedo, Massimiliano Pittore, Murray Journey
2018, Conference Paper, Proceedings of 16th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering
The understanding of earthquake risk is the first step towards the development and implementation of disaster risk reduction measures. However, in many countries, especially the countries of the developing world, earthquake risk models either do not exist or are publicly inaccessible. The Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Foundation and its partners have been supporting...
Basin-scale model for predicting marsh edge erosion
Navid H. Jafari, Qin J. Chen, Brady Couvillion, Cody L. Johnson, Thomas Everett
2018, Conference Paper, Coastal Engineering Proceedings
Recent attempts to relate marsh edge retreat rate to wave power have met varying levels of success. Schwimmer (2001) correlated wave power to marsh boundary retreat rates over a five-year period along sites within Rehoboth Bay, Delaware, USA. Marani et al. (2011) derived a linear relationship between volumetric retreat rate...
Damage accumulation for a two-story wood-frame building in sequences of induced earthquakes
R Chase, A.B. Liel, Nico Luco
2018, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 11th National Conference in Earthquake Engineering
In this study, a nonlinear model of a two-story multifamily wood-frame residential structure is subjected to recordings of sequences of induced earthquakes in order to quantify changes in fragility and accumulation of damage throughout multiple earthquake loadings. Initial efforts consisting of ground motion selection, building design, numerical modeling, and preliminary...
