Chapter 14: Middle Cretaceous silicic metavolcanic rocks in the Kings Canyon area, central Sierra Nevada, California
J.B. Saleeby, R. W. Kistler, Samuel Longiaru, James G. Moore, Warren J. Nokleberg
1990, GSA Memoirs (174) 251-270
Metamorphosed silicic volcanic and hypabyssal rocks of middle Cretaceous (110 to 100 Ma) age occur in two roof pendants in the Kings Canyon area of the central Sierra Nevada. The metavolcanic remnants are similar in age to or are only slightly older than the voluminous enclosing batholithic rocks. Thus, high...
Subsidence and volcanism of the Haleakala Ridge, Hawaii
James G. Moore, D. A. Clague, K.R. Ludwig, R. K. Mark
1990, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (42) 273-284
Side-looking sonar (GLORIA) mapping has revealed a series of four arcuate bands of high sonic backscatter on the crest of the Haleakala Ridge, a major rift-zone ridge extending 135 km east of the island of Maui. Dredge recovery indicates that the shallowest of these bands is a drowned coral reef,...
Tertiary basin development and tectonic implications, Whipple Detachment System, Colorado River Extensional Corridor, California and Arizona
J. E. Nielson, Kathi K. Beratan
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (95) 599-614
Colorado River extensional corridor. In the Mohave Mountains and Aubrey Hills of Arizona and the eastern Whipple Mountains of California near Parker Dam, these deposits comprise four unconformity-bounded sequences composed of locally derived epiclastic and volcanic rocks and the Peach Springs Tuff. The three older sequences represent syntectonic units that...
Lithology and evolution of the crust-mantle boundary region in the southwestern Basin and Range Province
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (95) 649-665
Mantle and crustal xenoliths from volcanic rocks in the southwestern Basin and Range province and Colorado Plateau Transition Zone reveal histories of episodic magmatism and deformation that have profoundly influenced the crustal structure of this region. Seismic transects in this area show a strongly reflective Moho of generally low relief,...
High temperature annealing of fission tracks in fluorapatite, Santa Fe Springs oil field, Los Angeles Basin, California
Nancy D. Naeser, Kevin D. Crowley, Thane H. McCulloh, Chris M. Reaves
Couchot PierreFromm M.Chambaudet A.Rebetez M.Van den haute Peteret al, editor(s)
1990, International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements (17) 424
Annealing of fission tracks is a kinetic process dependent primarily on temperature and to a laser extent on time. Several kinetic models of apatite annealing have been proposed. The predictive capabilities of these models for long-term geologic annealing have been limited to qualitative or semiquantitative at best, because of uncertainties...
Flume experiments on the alignment of transverse, oblique, and longitudinal dunes in directionally varying flows
David M. Rubin, Hiroshi Ikeda
1990, Sedimentology (37) 673-674
For more than a century geologists have wondered why some bedforms are orientated roughly transverse to flow, whereas others are parallel or oblique to flow. This problem of bedform alignment was studied experimentally using subaqueous dunes on a 3–6-m-diameter sand-covered turntable on the floor of a 4-m-wide flume. In each experiment,...
Thermal history of rocks in southern San Joaquin Valley, California: evidence from fission-track analysis
Nancy D. Naeser, Charles W. Naeser, Thane H. McCulloh
1990, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (74) 13-29
The theory of the fission-track method and its application to sedimentary basin analysis is illustrated by a case study in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California. Fission tracks provide a powerful tool for studying the thermal history of sedimentary basins because the two minerals most commonly used in fission-track studies,...
Organic matter in hydrothermal metal ores and hydrothermal fluids
W. H. Orem, E.C. Spiker, R. K. Kotra
1990, Applied Geochemistry (5) 125-134
Massive polymetallic sulfides are currently being deposited around active submarine hydrothermal vents associated with spreading centers. Chemoautolithotrophic bacteria are responsible for the high production of organic matter also associated with modern submarine hydrothermal activity. Thus, there is a significant potential for...
Holocene paleoclimatic evidence and sedimentation rates from a core in southwestern Lake Michigan
Steven M. Colman, Glenn A. Jones, R. M. Forester, D.S. Foster
1990, Journal of Paleolimnology (4) 269-284
Preliminary results of a multidisciplinary study of cores in southwestern Lake Michigan suggest that the materials in these cores can be interpreted in terms of both isostatically and climatically induced changes in lake level. Ostracodes and mollusks are well preserved in the Holocene sediments, and they provide paleolimnologic and paleoclimatic...
Multivariate statistical analysis of stream-sediment geochemistry in the Grazer Paläozoikum, Austria
L. Weber, J.C. Davis
1990, Mineralium Deposita (25) 213-220
The Austrian reconnaissance study of stream-sediment composition — more than 30000 clay-fraction samples collected over an area of 40000 km2 — is summarized in an atlas of regional maps that show the distributions of 35 elements. These maps, rich in information, reveal complicated patterns of element abundance that are difficult...
Shallow structure and deformation along the San Andreas Fault in Cholame Valley, California, based on high-resolution reflection profiling
K. M. Shedlock, T.M. Brocher, S.T. Harding
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research (95) 5003-5020
The mapped active traces of the San Andreas fault are separated by a 1-km-wide right-stepping offset in Cholame Valley. The geometry of this offset, defined in other strike-slip systems as a releasing bend or a dilational jog, has resulted in the formation of a pullapart basin. Various researchers have inferred...
Hydrologic and hydraulic research in mountain rivers
Robert D. Jarrett
1990, Water Resources Bulletin (26) 419-429
Although our current (1990) knowledge of hydrologic and hydraulic processes is based on many years of study, there are river environments where these processes are complex and poorly understood. One of these environments is in mountainous areas, which cover about 25 percent of the United States. Use of conventional hydrologic...
Effect of anelastic and scattering structures of the lithosphere on the shape of local earthquake coda
B. Chouet
1990, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (132) 289-310
A simple model of single acoustic scattering is used to study the dependence of the shape of local earthquake coda on the anelastic and scattering structures of the lithosphere. The model is applied to the coda of earthquakes located near Stone Canyon, central California, and provides an explanation for the...
Qualitative and numerical analyses of the effects of river inflow variations on mixing diagrams in estuaries
L.A. Cifuentes, L. E. Schemel, J.H. Sharp
1990, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (30) 411-427
The effects of river inflow variations on alkalinity/salinity distributions in San Francisco Bay and nitrate/salinity distributions in Delaware Bay are described. One-dimensional, advective-dispersion equations for salinity and the dissolved constituents are solved numerically and are used to simulate mixing in the estuaries. These simulations account for time-varying river inflow, variations...
Age of the Peach Springs Tuff, southeastern California and western Arizona
J. E. Nielson, D. R. Lux, G. B. Dalrymple, A. F. Glazner
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 571-580
Sanidine separates from pumice of the early Miocene Peach Springs Tuff are concordantly dated at 18.5±0.2 Ma by two isotopic techniques. The Peach Springs Tuff is the only known unit that can be correlated between isolated outcrops of Miocene strata from the central Mojave Desert of southeastern California to the...
Midcontinent rift volcanism in the Lake Superior region: Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic evidence for a mantle plume origin
S. W. Nicholson, S.B. Shirey
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 10851-10868
Between 1091 and 1098 Ma, most of a 15- to 20-km thickness of dominantly tholeiitic basalt erupted in the Midcontinent Rift System of the Lake Superior region, North America. The Portage Lake Volcanics in Michigan, which are the youngest MRS flood basalts, fall into distinctly high- and low-TiO2 types having different...
Determination of the accuracy and operating constants in a digitally biased ring core magnetometer
A.W. Green Jr.
1990, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (59) 119-122
By using a very stable voltage reference and a high precision digital-to-analog converter to set bias in digital increments, the inherently high stability and accuracy of a ring core magnetometer can be significantly enhanced. In this case it becomes possible to measure not only variations about the bias level, but...
Petrology, isotope characteristics, and K-Ar ages of the Maranhão, northern Brazil, Mesozoic basalt province
R.V. Fodor, A.N. Sial, S.B. Mukasa, E.H. McKee
1990, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (104) 555-567
Northern Brazil contains remnants of Mesozoic flood basalts and hypabyssal rocks that were apparently emplaced during tectonism related to opening of the Atlantic Ocean. Analyses and new K-Ar ages reveal that this ∼700x250 km Maranhão province (5°–8°S) has low-Ti basalts (∼1.1 wt% TiO2) in the western part that range...
Recent uplift and hydrothermal activity at Tangkuban Parahu volcano, west Java, Indonesia
J. Dvorak, J. Matahelumual, A.T. Okamura, H. Said, T. J. Casadevall, D. Mulyadi
1990, Bulletin of Volcanology (53) 20-28
Tangkuban Parahu is an active stratovolcano located 17 km north of the city of Bandung in the province west Java, Indonesia. All historical eruptive activity at this volcano has been confined to a complex of explosive summit craters. About a dozen eruptions-mostly phreatic events- and 15 other periods of unrest,...
Peridinialean dinoflagellate plate patterns, labels and homologies
Lucy E. Edwards
1990, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (65) 293-303
Tabulation patterns for peridinialean dinoflagellate thecae and cysts have been traditionally expressed using a plate labelling system described by C.A. Kofoid in the early 1900's. This system can obscure dinoflagellate plate homologies and has not always been strictly applied. The plate-labelling system presented here introduces new series labels but incorporates...
Improved method for sectioning pectoral spines of catfish for age determination
Marc A. Blouin, Glenda R. Hall
1990, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (5) 489-490
A modified low-speed saw provided fast and precise sectioning of catfish pectoral spines for use in aging studies. In one hour, 10–15 spines can be sectioned, the sections mounted, and the annuli counted. Two methods commonly used to section ictalurid pectoral spines are (1) acid decalcification, followed by the...
Collection and analysis of colloidal particles transported in the Mississippi River, U.S.A.
T.F. Rees, J. F. Ranville
1990, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (6) 241-250
Sediment transport has long been recognized as an important mechanism for the transport of contaminants in surface waters. Suspended sediment has traditionally been divided into three size classes: sand-sized (>63 ??m), silt-sized (<63 ??m but settleable) and clay-sized (non-settleable). The first two classes are easily collected and characterized using screens...
Use of dietary yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae nitrogen by lake trout
G. L. Rumsey, S. G. Hughes, John L. Kinsella
1990, Journal of the World Aquaculture Society (21) 205-209
In a 12 week experiment, lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were fed diets in which 50% of the nitrogen was provided by one of six preparations of Saccharomyces yeast. Fish fed baker's yeast with disrupted cell walls grew at a rate equal to that of fish fed the control diet and faster than...
Immune response of mallard ducks treated with immunosuppressive agents: Antibody response to erythrocytes and in vivo response to phytohemagglutinin-P
C.S. Schrank, M.E. Cook, W. R. Hansen
1990, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (26) 307-315
The ability of two in vivo tests to assay immune competence of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) treated with various immunomodulatory agents was examined. Skin responses to phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) injected intradermally and serum antibody levels produced in response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC)...
Is the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) a hibernator? Continued studies on opioids and hibernation
David S. Bruce, Nancy K. Darling, Katheleen J. Seeland, Peter R. Oeltgen, Sita P. Nilekani, Steven C. Amstrup
1990, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (35) 705-711
Polar bear behavior and biochemistry suggest they may have the ability to hibernate year-round, even though this species is not considered to be a true hibernator. This observation, plus the discovery of a hibernation-induced trigger (HIT) in the blood of black bears, prompted the examination of polar bear blood collected...
