Radarclinometry of the Earth and Venus from space-shuttle and Venera-15 imagery
R.L. Wildey
1990, Earth, Moon and Planets (48) 197-231
The project to develop a line-integral approach to 2-dimensional radarclinometry and to bring it to the status of producing topographic maps from real radar images has been concluded. The final developments of the theory itself have involved a trial-and-error resolution of the curvature decision process at each integration step over...
Equivalent strike-slip earthquake cycles in half-space and lithosphere-asthenosphere earth models
J.C. Savage
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research (95) 4873-4879
By virtue of the images used in the dislocation solution, the deformation at the free surface produced throughout the earthquake cycle by slippage on a long strike-slip fault in an Earth model consisting of an elastic plate (lithosphere) overlying a viscoelastic half-space (asthenosphere) can be duplicated by prescribed slip on...
Diagenesis associated with subaerial exposure of Miocene strata, southeastern Spain: Implications for sea-level change and preservation of low-temperature fluid inclusions in calcite cement
R.H. Goldstein, E. K. Franseen, M. S. Mills
1990, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (54) 699-704
Many ancient carbonate rocks contain calcite cements that precipitated from shallow, fresh groundwater that entered strata during events of subaerial exposure. Such low-temperature cementation may be difficult to interpret from fluid inclusion studies because some of the inclusions may reequilibrate during later thermal events. Miocene rocks of southeast Spain provide...
Is the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) a hibernator? Continued studies on opioids and hibernation
David S. Bruce, Nancy K. Darling, Katheleen J. Seeland, Peter R. Oeltgen, Sita P. Nilekani, Steven C. Amstrup
1990, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (35) 705-711
Polar bear behavior and biochemistry suggest they may have the ability to hibernate year-round, even though this species is not considered to be a true hibernator. This observation, plus the discovery of a hibernation-induced trigger (HIT) in the blood of black bears, prompted the examination of polar bear blood collected...
Behavioral toxicology: Stimulating challenges for a growing discipline
Edward E. Little
1990, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (9) 1-2
Since the early 1970s, contaminants have been shown to affect virtually every aspect of behavior in terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Behavior inte- grates many cellular processes and is essential to the viability of the organism, the population and the community. Therefore, observations of behavior provide a unique toxicological perspective -...
Spatial and temporal variation in proportional stock density and relative weight of smallmouth bass in a reservoir
Matthew G. Mesa, S.D. Duke, David L. Ward
1990, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (5) 323-339
Population data for smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieui in 20,235 ha John Day Reservoir on the Columbia River were used to (1) determine whether Proportional Stock Density (PSD) and Relative Weight (Wr) varied spatially and temporally in two areas of the reservoir with established smallmouth bass fisheries; (2) explore possible...
Comparison of ground motion from tremors and explosions in deep gold mines
Art McGarr, J. Bicknell, J. Churcher, S. Spottiswoode
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 21777-21792
Seismic body waves, from tamped chemical explosions, two with yields of 50 and one of 150 kg, were compared with corresponding data from three mining-induced tremors with a view to testing methods of discriminating between the two types of events. Detonated at depths of about 2 km, all three explosions...
High temperature annealing of fission tracks in fluorapatite, Santa Fe Springs oil field, Los Angeles Basin, California
Nancy D. Naeser, Kevin D. Crowley, Thane H. McCulloh, Chris M. Reaves
Couchot PierreFromm M.Chambaudet A.Rebetez M.Van den haute Peteret al, editor(s)
1990, International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements (17) 424
Annealing of fission tracks is a kinetic process dependent primarily on temperature and to a laser extent on time. Several kinetic models of apatite annealing have been proposed. The predictive capabilities of these models for long-term geologic annealing have been limited to qualitative or semiquantitative at best, because of uncertainties...
Use of dietary yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae nitrogen by lake trout
G. L. Rumsey, S. G. Hughes, John L. Kinsella
1990, Journal of the World Aquaculture Society (21) 205-209
In a 12 week experiment, lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were fed diets in which 50% of the nitrogen was provided by one of six preparations of Saccharomyces yeast. Fish fed baker's yeast with disrupted cell walls grew at a rate equal to that of fish fed the control diet and faster than...
Constraints on the tectonics of the Mule Mountains thrust system, southeast California and southwest Arizona
R. M. Tosdal
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 20025-20048
The Mule Mountains thrust system crops out discontinuously over a 100-km-strike length in the Blythe-Quartzsite region of southeast California and southwest Arizona. Along the thrust system, middle and upper crustal metamorphic and plutonic rocks of Proterozoic and Mesozoic age are thrust north-northeastward (015° to 035°) over a lower plate metamorphic...
Flexure and faulting of sedimentary host rocks during growth of igneous domes, Henry Mountains, Utah
M.D. Jackson, D. D. Pollard
1990, Journal of Structural Geology (12) 185-206
A sequence of sedimentary rocks about 4 km thick was bent, stretched and uplifted during the growth of three igneous domes in the southern Henry Mountains. Mount Holmes, Mount Ellsworth and Mount Hillers are all about 12 km in diameter, but the amplitudes of their domes are about 1.2, 1.85...
Relationships among macerals, minerals, miospores and paleoecology in a column of Redstone coal (Upper Pennsylvanian) from north-central West Virginia (U.S.A.)
W.C. Grady, C.F. Eble
1990, International Journal of Coal Geology (15) 1-26
Two distinct paleoenvironments are represented in vertical succession in a column of Redstone coal in north-central West Virginia as indicated by a study of 37 consecutive 3-cm (0.1 ft) increments analyzed for ash yield, petrographic composition, low-temperature ash mineralogy and palynomorph...
Petrology, isotope characteristics, and K-Ar ages of the Maranhão, northern Brazil, Mesozoic basalt province
R.V. Fodor, A.N. Sial, S.B. Mukasa, E.H. McKee
1990, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (104) 555-567
Northern Brazil contains remnants of Mesozoic flood basalts and hypabyssal rocks that were apparently emplaced during tectonism related to opening of the Atlantic Ocean. Analyses and new K-Ar ages reveal that this ∼700x250 km Maranhão province (5°–8°S) has low-Ti basalts (∼1.1 wt% TiO2) in the western part that range...
Recent uplift and hydrothermal activity at Tangkuban Parahu volcano, west Java, Indonesia
J. Dvorak, J. Matahelumual, A.T. Okamura, H. Said, T. J. Casadevall, D. Mulyadi
1990, Bulletin of Volcanology (53) 20-28
Tangkuban Parahu is an active stratovolcano located 17 km north of the city of Bandung in the province west Java, Indonesia. All historical eruptive activity at this volcano has been confined to a complex of explosive summit craters. About a dozen eruptions-mostly phreatic events- and 15 other periods of unrest,...
Characterization of hydrocarbon gas within the stratigraphic interval of gas-hydrate stability on the North Slope of Alaska, U.S.A.
T. S. Collett, K.A. Kvenvolden, L. B. Magoon
1990, Applied Geochemistry (5) 279-287
In the Kuparuk River Unit 2D-15 well, on the North Slope of Alaska, a 60 m-thick stratigraphic interval that lies within the theoretical pressure-temperature field of gas-hydrate stability is inferred to contain methane hydrates. This inference is based on interpretations from...
Deformation monitoring at Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia - October 1985 - March 1988
N.G. Banks, C. Carvajal, H. Mora, E. Tryggvason
1990, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (41) 269-295
Deformation studies began at Nevado del Ruiz 23 days before the devastating 13 November 1985 eruption, at least 12 months after precursory seismicity and fumarolic activity began. The late start in geodetic monitoring, limited number of stations in the pre-eruption network, and inconsistent patterns in the observed deformation limit conclusions...
Nitrogen fixation dynamics of two diazotrophic communities in Mono Lake, California
R.S. Oremland
1990, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (56) 614-622
Two types of diazotrophic microbial communities were found in the littoral zone of alkaline hypersaline Mono Lake, California. One consisted of anaerobic bacteria inhabiting the flocculent surface layers of sediments. Nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) by flocculent surface layers occurred under anaerobic conditions, was not stimulated by light or by additions...
Effect of anelastic and scattering structures of the lithosphere on the shape of local earthquake coda
B. Chouet
1990, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (132) 289-310
A simple model of single acoustic scattering is used to study the dependence of the shape of local earthquake coda on the anelastic and scattering structures of the lithosphere. The model is applied to the coda of earthquakes located near Stone Canyon, central California, and provides an explanation for the...
Genesis of the tabular-type vanadium-uranium deposits of the Henry Basin, Utah
H. R. Northrop, M. B. Goldhaber, Gary P. Landis, J.W. Unruh, Richard J. Reynolds, John A. Campbell, Richard B. Wanty, Richard I. Grauch, Gene Whitney, Robert O. Rye
1990, Economic Geology (85) 215-269
Tabular-type vanadium-uranium deposits occur in fluvial sandstones of the Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation of Late Jurassic age The mineralized intervals and the weakly mineralized lateral extensions are bounded both above and below by zones rich in dolomite cement. Carbon isotope values of dolomite cements indicate that at...
Midcontinent rift volcanism in the Lake Superior region: Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic evidence for a mantle plume origin
S. W. Nicholson, S.B. Shirey
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 10851-10868
Between 1091 and 1098 Ma, most of a 15- to 20-km thickness of dominantly tholeiitic basalt erupted in the Midcontinent Rift System of the Lake Superior region, North America. The Portage Lake Volcanics in Michigan, which are the youngest MRS flood basalts, fall into distinctly high- and low-TiO2 types having different...
Age of the Peach Springs Tuff, southeastern California and western Arizona
J. E. Nielson, D. R. Lux, G. B. Dalrymple, A. F. Glazner
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 571-580
Sanidine separates from pumice of the early Miocene Peach Springs Tuff are concordantly dated at 18.5±0.2 Ma by two isotopic techniques. The Peach Springs Tuff is the only known unit that can be correlated between isolated outcrops of Miocene strata from the central Mojave Desert of southeastern California to the...
Weights of wild mallard Anas platyrhynchos, gadwall A. strepera, and blue-winged teal A. discors during the breeding season
John T. Lokemoen, Douglas H. Johnson, David E. Sharp
1990, Wildfowl (41) 122-130
During 1976-81 we weighed several thousands of wild Mallard, Gadwall, and Blue-winged Teal in central North Dakota to examine duckling growth patterns, adult weights, and the factors influencing them. One-day-old Mallard and Gadwall averaged 32.4 and 30.4 g, respectively, a reduction of 34% and 29% from fresh egg weights. In...
The evolution of sex-change mechanisms in fishes
Robert M. Ross
1990, Environmental Biology of Fishes (29) 81-93
Five distinct sex-change mechanisms are identified among sequentially hermaphroditic fishes based on socio-ecological characteristics. The primary determinants of the sex-change mechanisms appear to be social organization and mating system, which in turn depend on resource distribution in space and time. The ability of a single individual to control all mating...
Growth and equilibrium in sea otter populations
J. A. Estes
1990, Journal of Animal Ecology (59) 385-400
(1) Counts through time were compiled for five sea otter (Enhydra lutris) populations in the north-east Pacific Ocean that were below equilibrium density: Attu Island, south-east Alaska, British Columbia, Washington State, and central California. Similar data were obtained from the equilibrium density population at Amchitka Island in 1971 and 1986....
Volcanism, isostatic residual gravity and regional tectonic setting of the Cascade volcanic province
R.J. Blakely, R.C. Jachens
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 19439-19451
A technique to locate automatically boundaries between crustal blocks of disparate densities was applied to upward continued isostatic residual gravity data. The boundary analysis delineates a narrow gravitational trough that extends the length of the Pliocene and Quaternary volcanic arc from Mount Baker in northern Washington to Lassen Peak in...
