Biomonitoring of lead-contaminated Missouri streams with an assay for erythrocyte δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in fish blood
C.J. Schmitt, M. L. Wildhaber, J. B. Hunn, T. Nash, M. N. Tieger, B. L. Steadman
1993, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (25) 464-475
The activity of the enzyme δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) in erythrocytes has long been used as a biomarker of lead exposure in humans and waterfowl and, more recently, in fishes. The assay was tested for ALA-D activity in fishes from streams affected by lead in combination with other metals from...
Potential problem with mean dimensionless hydrographs at ungaged sites
Kenneth L. Wahl, James G. Rankl
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Symposium on Engineering Hydrology
A flood hydrograph for an ungaged stream site can be estimated from a mean dimensionless hydrograph and estimates of instantaneous peak discharge (Q) and total storm runoff volume (V). However, the time base of the resulting flood hydrograph can be inversely related to the magnitude of the peak discharge if...
A comparison of water quality criteria for the Great Lakes based on human and wildlife health
James P. Ludwig, John P. Giesy, Cheryl L. Summer, William Bowerman, Richard J. Aulerich, Steven J. Bursian, Heidi J. Auman, Paul D. Jones, Lisa L. Williams, Donald E. Tillitt, Michael Gilbertson
1993, Journal of Great Lakes Research (19) 789-807
Water quality criteria (WQC) can be derived in several ways. The usual techniques involve hazard and risk assessment procedures. For non-persistent, non-biomagnified compounds and elements, WQC are experimentally derived from their acute and chronic toxicity to aquatic organisms. For those persistent chlorinated hydrocarbons (PCHs) that are bioaccumulated and biomagnified, these...
Caspian tern reproduction in the Saginaw Bay ecosystem following a 100-year flood event
James P. Ludwig, Heidi J. Auman, Hiroko Kurita, Matthew E. Ludwig, Loraine M. Campbell, John P. Giesy, Donald E. Tillitt, Paul Jones, Nobu Yamashita, Shinsuke Tanabe, Ryo Tatsukawa
1993, Journal of Great Lakes Research (19) 96-108
In the 2 years that followed the 100-year flood incident of September 1986 in the Saginaw River/Bay ecosystem, the reproduction of Caspian terns collapsed and then slowly recovered. Egg viability and fledging rates of hatched chicks were drastically depressed in 1987 and 1988. Eggs from clutches laid later in the...
Differentiation of debris-flow and flash-flood deposits: implications for paleoflood investigations
Christopher F. Waythomas, Robert D. Jarrett
Shen Hsieh WenSu S.T.Wen Feng, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering
Debris flows and flash floods are common geomorphic processes in the Colorado Rocky Mountain Front Range and foothills. Usually, debris flows and flash floods are associated with excess summer rainfall or snowmelt, in areas were unconsolidated surficial deposits are relatively thick and slopes are steep. In the Front Range and...
Comparative rice seed toxicity tests using filter paper, growth pouch-tm, and seed tray methods
W. Wang
1993, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (24) 257-265
Paper substrate, especially circular filter paper placed inside a Petri dish, has long been used for the plant seed toxicity test (PSTT). Although this method is simple and inexpensive, recent evidence indicates that it gives results that are significantly different from those obtained using a method that does not involve...
234U/238U as a ground-water tracer, SW Nevada-SE California
K.R. Ludwig, Z. E. Peterman, K. R. Simmons, E. D. Gutentag
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 4th annual international conference on high level radioactive waste management
The 234U/238U ratio of uranium in oxidizing ground waters is potentially an excellent ground-water tracer because of its high solubility and insensitivity to chemical reactions. Moreover, recent advances in analytical capability have made possible very precise uranium-isotopic analyses on modest (approx.100 ml) amounts of normal ground water. Preliminary results on...
Carbon isotopic data from test hole USW UZ-1, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
In C. Yang, C.A. Peters, D.C. Thorstenson
1993, Conference Paper, High Level Radioactive Waste Management
Rock-CO2-gas analyses in test hole USW UZ-1 at Yucca Mountain indicate that gas movement in the unsaturated zone is likely through a dry-fracture system with little porewater or caliche-calcite interaction. This is because near-surface ??13C values are of biogenic origin and have changed little throughout the total depth. Post-bomb 14C...
Aquatic dissipation of triclopyr in Lake Seminole, Georgia
K.B. Woodburn, W. R. Green, H.E. Westerdahl
1993, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (41) 2172-2177
A field study was conducted to evaluate the environmental dissipation of triclopyr herbicide under aquatic-use conditions. Three 4-h plots in Lake Seminole, Georgia, were selected for use: one control, one aerial plot, and one subsurface plot; both applications were at the maximum aquatic-use rate of 2.5 mg/L. Water, sediment, plants,...
Development of 3-D lithostratigraphic and confidence models at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
D.C. Buesch, J.E. Nelson, R. P. Dickerson, R.W. Spengler
1993, Conference Paper, High Level Radioactive Waste Management
Computerized three-dimensional geologic models of potential high-level nuclear waste repositories such as Yucca Moutain, Nevada, are important for visualizing the complex interplay of (1) thickness and facies variations in lithostratigraphic units and (2) the disruption of these units by faults. The concept of a 'model of confidence' in the lithostratigraphic...
Effects of core sealing methods on the preservation of pore water
Pete Striffler, Charles A. Peters
1993, Conference Paper, High Level Radioactive Waste Management
Five general core sealing methods (using Protecore, Lexan, wax, Protecore with wax, and Protecore with Lexan) were studied over a two year period to determine their moisture retention capabilities. Results indicate that the multibarrier methods (Protecore with wax and Protecore with Lexan) and the single barrier methods (Protecore and wax)...
Acute toxicity of the herbicide bromoxynil to Daphnia magna
Kevin J. Buhl, Steven J. Hamilton, James C. Schmulbach
1993, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (12) 1455-1468
The acute toxicities of technical-grade bromoxynil octanoate (BO) and two commercial formulations, Buctril® and Bronate®, to < 24-h-old neonate Daphnia magna (Straus) were determined in soft, hard, and oligosaline water. In addition, effects of life stage, feeding, aging the herbicide, and exposure duration on BO toxicity to daphnids were investigated....
Dutrochus, a new microdomatid (Gastropoda) genus from the Middle Devonian (Eifelian) of west-central Alaska
R. B. Blodgett
1993, Journal of Paleontology (67) 194-197
A new gastropod genus, Dutrochus, is established for members of the family Microdomatidae that are characterized by a reticulate ornament of spiral cords and intersecting, finer collabral threads, with all but one spiral cord being of nearly equal strength, and the single remaining cord being of stronger...
Automated solid-phase extraction of herbicides from water for gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis
M. T. Meyer, M. S. Mills, E.M. Thurman
1993, Journal of Chromatography A (629) 55-59
An automated solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was developed for the pre-concentration of chloroacetanilide and triazine herbicides, and two triazine metabolites from 100-ml water samples. Breakthrough experiments for the C18 SPE cartridge show that the two triazine metabolites are not fully retained and that increasing...
Temporal and spatial patterns of wetland sedimentation, West Tennessee
C.R. Hupp, D.E. Bazemore
1993, Journal of Hydrology (141) 179-196
Dendrogeomorphic techniques were used to describe and interpret patterns of sedimentation rates at two forested wetland sites in West Tennessee. Fifty-five sampling stations were established along transects upstream and downstream from bridge structures, and 515 trees were examined for depth of sediment accretion and cored for age determination. Temporal variation...
Seasonal use of conservation reserve program lands by white-tailed deer in east-central South Dakota
Jeffrey H. Gould, Kurt J. Jenkins
1993, Wildlife Society Bulletin (21) 250-255
The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP_, a provision of the 1985 Food Security Act, subsidizes landowners to take highly erodible lands out of cultivation and seed them to perennial cover for 10years. In eastern South Dakota, 0.5 million ha were enrolled in the CRP from 1985 to 1990 (Agric. Stabilization and...
Description of gas/particle sorption kinetics with an intraparticle diffusion model: Desorption experiments
S.A. Rounds, B.A. Tiffany, J. F. Pankow
1993, Environmental Science & Technology (27) 366-377
No abstract available....
Preliminary results from an isotope hydrology study of the Kilauea Volcano area, Hawaii
M. A. Scholl, C. J. Janik, S. E. Ingebritsen, J.P. Kauathikaua, F. A. Trusdell
Anon, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Deuterium (D) content of groundwater and precipitation, and tritium content of selected groundwater samples are used to infer flowpaths for groundwater in the Kilauea Volcano area. The spatial distribution of calculated recharge elevations and residence times for groundwater samples tends to support the idea that Kilauea's rift zones comprise leaky...
Estimating bridge scour in New York from historical U.S. geological survey streamflow measurements
Gerard K. Butch
Shen Hsieh WenSu S.T.Wen Feng, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering
Historical streamflow measurements by the U.S. Geological Survey an bridge-inspection reports by the New York State Department of Transportation are being used to estimate scour at 31 bridges in New York State. Streamflow measurements that were made before, during, or after high flows are used to estimate scour and to...
Wind and tidal forcing of a buoyant plume, Mobile Bay, Alabama
R. P. Stumpf, G. Gelfenbaum, J.R. Pennock
1993, Continental Shelf Research (13) 1281-1301
AVHRR satellite imagery and in situ observations were combined to study the motion of a buoyant plume at the mouth of Mobile Bay, Alabama. The plume extended up to 30 km from shore, with a thickness of about 1 m. The inner plume, which was 3-8 m thick, moved between...
Continuum-mechanics-based rheological formulation for debris flow
Cheng-lung Chen, Chi-Hai Ling
Shen Hsieh WenSu S.T.Wen Feng, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering
This paper aims to assess the validity of the generalized viscoplastic fluid (GVF) model in the light of both the classical relative-viscosity versus concentration relation and the dimensionless stress versus shear-rate squared relations based on kinetic theory, thereby addressing how to evaluate the rheological parameters of the GVF model using...
Soils, time, and primate paleoenvironments
Thomas M. Bown, M. J. Kraus
1993, Evolutionary Anthropology (2) 11-21
Soils are the skin of the earth. From both poles to the equator, wherever rocks or sediment are exposed at the surface, soils are forming through the physical and chemical action of climate and living organisms. The physical attributes (color, texture, thickness) and chemical makeup of soils vary considerably, depending...
Sampling and major element chemistry of the recent (A.D. 1631-1944) Vesuvius activity
H. E. Belkin, C.R.J. Kilburn, B. de Vivo
1993, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (58) 273-290
Detailed sampling of the Vesuvius lavas erupted in the period A.D. 1631-1944 provides a suite of samples for comprehensive chemical analyses and related studies. Major elements (Si, Ti, Al, Fetotal, Mn, Mg, Ca, Na, K and P), volatile species (Cl, F, S, H2O+, H2O- and CO2), and ferrous iron (Fe2+)...
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen composition, transformation, retention, and transport in naturally phosphate-rich and phosphate-poor tropical streams
F.J. Triska, C. M. Pringle, G. W. Zellweger, J.H. Duff, R.J. Avanzino
1993, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (50) 665-675
The composition, transformation, and transport of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was compared in waters associated with two lowland streams in Costa Rica. The Salto River is enriched by geothermal-based soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), which raises the concentration up to 200 μg/L whereas Pantano...
Debris flows in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona: magnitude, frequency and effects on the Colorado River
Theodre S. Melis, Robert H. Webb
Shen Hsieh WenSu S.T.Wen Feng, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering
Debris flows are recurrent sediment-transport processes in 525 tributaries of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. Arizona. Initiated by slope failures in bedrock and (or) colluvium during intense rainfall, Grand Canyon debris flows are high-magnitude, short-duration floods. Debris flows in these tributaries transport very large boulders into the river where...
