FORTRAN 77 programs for conductive cooling of dikes with temperature-dependent thermal properties and heat of crystallization
P.T. Delaney
1988, Computers & Geosciences (14) 181-212
Temperature histories obtained from transient heat-conduction theory are applicable to most dikes despite potential complicating effects related to magma flow during emplacement, groundwater circulation, and metamorphic reaction during cooling. Here. machine-independent FORTRAN 77 programs are presented to calculate temperatures in and around dikes as they cool conductively. Analytical solutions can...
The Argos seismic data message system
J.S. Derr, R.N. Hunter
1988, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (78) 1000-1005
A reliable, inexpensive method for sending limited daily seismic data messages from remote observatories to the National Earthquake Information Center has been developed for use with the Argos satellite system. Data messages are compressed on a microcomputer and passed automatically to a simple transmitter. About 4 hr later, the data...
Causes of two slope-failure types in continental-shelf sediment, northeastern Gulf of Alaska
William C. Schwab, Homa J. Lee
1988, Journal of Sedimentary Research (58) 1-11
Slumps and sediment-gravity flows have been identified in Holocene glaciomarine sediment on declivities less than 1.3 degrees on the Gulf of Alaska continental shelf. Geologic and geotechnical investigation suggest that the processes responsible for these slope failures are earthquake and storm-wave loading, coupled with cyclic degradation of the sediment-shear strength....
Distribution of late Cenozoic volcanic vents in the Cascade Range: Volcanic arc segmentation and regional tectonic considerations
M. Guffanti, C.S. Weaver
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 6513-6529
Spatial, temporal, and compositional distributions of approximately 4000 volcanic vents formed since 16 Ma in Washington, Oregon, northern California, and northwestern Nevada illustrate the evolution of volcanism related to subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate system and extension of the Basin and Range province. Vent data were obtained from...
Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic compositions of a suite of Late Archean, igneous rocks, eastern Beartooth Mountains: Implications for crust-mantle evolution
J. L. Wooden, P.A. Mueller
1988, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (87) 59-72
A series of compositionally diverse, Late Archean rocks (2.74–2.79 Ga old) from the eastern Beartooth Mountains, Montana and Wyoming, U.S.A., have the same initial Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic ratios. Lead and Sr initial ratios are higher and Nd initial ratios...
The mechanics of ground deformation precursory to dome-building extrusions at Mount St. Helens 1981-1982
W.W. Chadwick Jr., R.J. Archuleta, D. A. Swanson
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4351-4366
Detailed monitoring at Mount St. Helens since 1980 has enabled prediction of the intermittent eruptive activity (mostly dome growth) with unprecedented success. During 1981 and 1982, accelerating deformation of the crater floor around the vent (including radial cracks, thrust faults, and ground tilt) was the earliest indicator of impending activity....
Processes affecting the distribution of selenium in shallow groundwater of agricultural areas, western San Joaquin Valley, California
S. J. Deverel, Roger Fujii
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 516-524
A study was undertaken to evaluate the processes affecting the chemistry of shallow groundwater associated with agricultural drainage systems in the western San Joaquin Valley, California. The study was prompted by a need for an understanding of selenium mobility in areas having high selenium concentrations in shallow groundwater. Groundwater samples...
Gravity-induced stresses in stratified rock masses
B. Amadei, H.S. Swolfs, W. Z. Savage
1988, Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (21) 1-20
This paper presents closed-form solutions for the stress field induced by gravity in anisotropic and stratified rock masses. These rocks are assumed to be laterally restrained. The rock mass consists of finite mechanical units, each unit being modeled as a homogeneous, transversely isotropic or isotropic linearly elastic material. The following...
U.S. Geological Survey deep seismic reflection profile across the Gulf of Maine
Deborah R. Hutchinson, Kim D. Klitgord, Myung W. Lee, Anne M. Trehu
1988, Geological Society of America Bulletin (100) 172-184
Deep seismic reflection and magnetic data suggest that the Gulf of Maine is underlain by four crustal blocks of differing reflection and magnetic character. Two of these blocks, the Gulf of Maine fault zone and adjacent central plutonic zone, can be correlated with Avalonian rocks in southern New England and...
Cobalt- and platinum-rich ferromanganese crusts and associated substrate rocks from the Marshall Islands
J.R. Hein, W. C. Schwab, A. Davis
1988, Marine Geology (78) 255-283
Ferromanganese crusts cover most hard substrates on seafloor edifices in the central Pacific basin. Crust samples and their associated substrates from seven volcanic edifices of Cretaceous age along the Ratak chain of the Marshall Islands are discussed. The two most abundant...
Conversion of Cartesian coordinates from and to Generalized Balanced Ternary addresses
Jan W. van Roessel
1988, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (54) 1565-1570
Hexagonal grids have several advantages over square grids, such as a greater angular resolution and unambiguous connectivity. The Generalized Balanced Ternary (GBT) system is a spatial addressing method for hexagonal grids in which the hexagons are arranged in hierarchical aggregates, and which accommodates vector operations in GBT space. Efficient algorithms...
Submarine topography of northeastern Papua New Guinea
Thomas E. Chase, Barbara A. Seekins, J. D. Young, Shawn V. Dadisman
1988, Book chapter, Geology and offshore resources of Pacific Island Arcs: New Ireland and Manus region, Papua New Guinea
No abstract available...
Air encapsulation during infiltration
Jim Constantz, W.N. Herkelrath, F. Murphy
1988, Soil Science Society of America Journal (52) 10-16
A series of field and laboratory experiments were performed to measure the effects of air encapsulation within the soil's transmission zone upon several infiltration properties. In the field, infiltration rates were measured using a double-cap infiltrometer (DCI), and soil-water contents were measured using time-domain reflectometry (TDR). Before half of the...
High-performance liquid-chromatographic separation of subcomponents of antimycin-A
S. L. Abidi
1988, Journal of Chromatography (447) 65-79
Using a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) technique, a mixture of antimycins A was separated into eight hitherto unreported subcomponents, A1a, A1b, A2a, A2b, A3a, A3b, A4a, and A4b. Although a base-line resolution of the known four major antimycins A1, A2, A3, and A4 was readily achieved with mobile phases containing...
Natural variance in pH as a complication in detecting acidification of lakes
J.T. Turk
1988, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (37) 171-176
Natural variance in the pH of three dilute lakes in the Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Colorado, complicates the detection of acidification. Variations in pH during July-September of 1983 were: 0.95 (Ned Wilson Lake), 1.36 (Upper Island Lake), and 1.53 (Oyster Lake). Mean diurnal variations in pH during 1983 were: 0.37...
Anomalous shear wave attenuation in the shallow crust beneath the Coso volcanic region, California
C. Sanders, P. Ho-Liu, D. Rinn, Kanamori Hiroo
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 3321-3338
We use seismograms of local earthquakes to image relative shear wave attenuation structure in the shallow crust beneath the region containing the Coso volcanic-geothermal area of eastern California. SV and P wave amplitudes were measured from vertical component seismograms of earthquakes that occurred in the Cososouthem Sierra Nevada region from July 1983 to August...
A magmatic model of Medicine Lake Volcano, California
J.M. Donnelly-Nolan
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4412-4420
Medicine Lake volcano is a Pleistocene and Holocene shield volcano of the southern Cascade Range. It is located behind the main Cascade arc in an extensional tectonic setting where high-alumina basalt is the most commonly erupted lava. This basalt is parental to the higher-silica calc-alkaline and tholeiitic lavas that make...
Volcanic hazards and public response
D. W. Peterson
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4161-4170
Although scientific understanding of volcanoes is advancing, eruptions continue to take a substantial toll of life and property. Some of these losses could be reduced by better advance preparation, more effective flow of information between scientists and public officials, and better understanding of volcanic behavior by all segments of the...
Using laser micro mass spectrometry with the LAMMA-1000 instrument for monitoring relative elemental concentrations in vitrinite
J.J. Morelli, D.M. Hercules, P.C. Lyons, C.A. Palmer, J.D. Fletcher
1988, Mikrochimica Acta (96) 105-118
The variation in relative elemental concentrations among a series of coal macerals belonging to the vitrinite maceral group was determined using laser micro mass spectrometry (LAMMS). Variations in Ba, Cr, Ga, Sr, Ti, and V concentrations among the coals were determined using the LAMM A-1000 instrument. LAMMS analysis is not...
Thermal regime of the State 2-14 well, Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project
J.H. Sass, S. S. Priest, L.E. Duda, C.C. Carson, J. D. Hendricks, L.C. Robison
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 12995-13004
Temperature logs were made repeatedly during breaks in drilling and both during and after flow tests in the Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project well (State 2–14). The purpose of these logs was to assist in identifying zones of fluid loss or grain and to characterize reservoir temperatures. At the conclusion...
Goose counts from aerial photographs using an optical digitizer
D.S. Gilmer, J.A. Brass, L.L. Strong, D.H. Card
1988, Wildlife Society Bulletin (16) 204-206
Abstract has not been submitted...
Causes of varied sediment gravity flow types on the Alsek Prodelta, northeast Gulf of Alaska
William C. Schwab, Homa J. Lee, Bruce F. Molnia
1988, Marine Geotechnology (7) 317-342
Slope failures and subsequent mass movements have been identified in Holocene glaciomarine sediment on declivities less than 1.3° on the Alsek prodelta, Gulf of Alaska. Isolated collapse features cover less than 10 percent of a nearshore sand deposit, in water depths less than 40 m. In contrast, sediment gravity flow...
Response of well aquifer systems to Earth tides: Problem revisited
Paul A. Hsieh, John D. Bredehoeft, Stuart Rojstaczer
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 468-472
Two recent works cause us to reexamine Bredehoeft's (1967) analysis of earthtide response of water wells. Narasimhan et al. (1984) raise several questions regarding Bredehoeft's (1967) analysis and suggest that the analysis is internally inconsistent. They argue that one cannot directly estimate the specific storage, which characterizes the drained behavior...
A statistical method for estimating rates of soil development and ages of geologic deposits: A design for soil-chronosequence studies
P. Switzer, J.W. Harden, R. K. Mark
1988, Mathematical Geology (20) 49-61
A statistical method for estimating rates of soil development in a given region based on calibration from a series of dated soils is used to estimate ages of soils in the same region that are not dated directly. The method is designed specifically to account for sampling procedures and uncertainties...
Yield and quality of ground water from stratified-drift aquifers, Taunton River basin, Massachusetts
Wayne W. Lapham
1988, Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4053
Glacial stratified-drift deposits composed primarily of sand and gravel form the major aquifers in the Taunton River basin. In the northern half of the basin, the aquifers are long, narrow, and thin, and saturated thicknesses range from about 20 feet to slightly more than 100 feet. Aquifer widths range from...
