Groundwater Seepage Vectors and the Potential for Hillslope Failure and Debris Flow Mobilization
Richard M. Iverson, Jon J. Major
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 1543-1548
Insight for understanding the effect of groundwater flow on the potential for hillslope failure and liquefaction is provided by a novel limit‐equilibrium analysis of infinite slopes with steady, uniform Darcian seepage of arbitrary magnitude and direction. Normalization of the limit‐equilibrium solution shows that three dimensionless parameters govern completely the Coulomb...
Crustal structure of Yunnan province, People's Republic of China, from seismic refraction profiles
R.-J. Kan, H.-X. Hu, R.-S. Zeng, Walter D. Mooney, T.V. McEvilly
1986, Science (234) 433-437
Seismic refraction, profiles in Yunnan Province, southwestern China, define the crustal structure in an area of active tectonics on the southern end of the Himalaya-Burma arc. The crustal thickness ranges from 38 to 46 kilometers, and the relatively low mean crustal velocity indicates a crustal composition compatible with normal continental...
The Center Pond pluton: The restite of the story (phase separation and melt evolution in granitoid genesis)
T. A. Scambos, M.C. Loiselle, D. R. Wones
1986, American Journal of Science (286) 241-280
The Center Pond pluton is a calc-alkaline post-tectonic Acadian body intruding chlorite grade Silurian metasediments of E-central Maine. Mapping and petrographic work reveal that the pluton contains 5 igneous rock types; quartz diorite, hornblende-biotite granodiorite, biotite granite, porphyritic granite, and aplitic granite. The linearity of major and trace element trends...
Status of a translocated sea otter population and its habitat in Washington
Ronald J. Jameson, Karl W. Kenyon, S. Jeffries, Glenn R. VanBlaricom
1986, Murrelet (67) 84-87
During the summers of 1969 and 1970, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game and the Washington Department of Game translocated 59 sea otters from Amchitka Island, Alaska, to release sites in Washington (Jameson et al. 1982, Wildl. Soc. Bull. 10:100-107). Of the 29 released near Pt. Grenvil (Fig. 1)...
Crustal structure of Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China, from seismic refraction profiles
Rong-Ju Kan, Hong-Xiang Hu, Rong-Sheng Zeng, Walter D. Mooney, T. McEvilly
1986, Science (234) 433-437
Seismic refraction, profiles in Yunnan Province, southwestern China, define the crustal structure in an area of active tectonics on the southern end of...
The cross section
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1986, Report
No abstract available....
Influence of welded boundaries in anelastic media on energy flow, and characteristics of P, S-I, and S-II waves: Observational evidence for inhomogeneous body waves in low-loss solids
Roger D. Borcherdt, Gary Glassmoyer, Leif Wennerberg
1986, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (91) 11503-11518
A general computer code, developed to calculate anelastic reflection-refraction coefficients, energy flow, and the physical characteristics for general P, S-I, and S-II waves, quantitatively describes physical characteristics for wave fields in anelastic media that do not exist in elastic media. Consideration of wave fields incident on boundaries between anelastic media shows that scattered...
Short-period strain (0.1–105 s): Near-source strain field for an earthquake (ML 3.2) near San Juan Bautista, California
M.J.S. Johnston, Roger D. Borcherdt, A. T. Linde
1986, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (91) 11497-11502
Measurements of dilational earth strain in the frequency band 25–10−5 Hz have been made on a deep borehole strainmeter installed near the San Andreas fault. These data are used to determine seismic radiation fields during nuclear explosions, teleseisms, local earthquakes, and ground noise during seismically quiet times. Strains of less than...
Landform modifications at a nuclear-waste burial site
J. R. Gray
1986, Conference Paper, Proceedings, Fourth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference: Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data, Subcommittee on Sedimentation, Las Vegas
No abstract available....
Harvest, survival, growth, and movement of five strains of hatchery-reared rainbow trout in Virginia streams
C.W. Fay, G.B. Pardue
1986, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (6) 569-579
Catchable-size (minimum length 17.8 cm) rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) of five genetically distinct strains were harvested by anglers at significantly different rates when the fish were stocked into four put-and-take trout streams in southwestern Virginia. Fish from Standard Winter (SW) and Ennis (EN) strains were caught easily; 85.7 and 93.2%...
Meeting the challenge of policy-relevant science: lessons from a water resource project
Berton L. Lamb
1986, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (22) 811-815
Water resource scientists face complex tasks in evaluating aspects of water projects, but relatively few assessment procedures have been applied and accepted as standard applications. Decision-makers often rely on environmental assessments to evaluate the value and operation of projects. There is often confusion about scientists' role in policy decisions. The...
Monitoring grizzly bear population trends
L.L. Eberhardt, R.R. Knight, B.M. Blanchard
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 613-618
A simple different equation model was developed to provide additional perspective on observed mortality and trend data on Yellowstone grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis). Records of mortalities of adult females from 1959 to 1985 were utilized, in conjunction with data on females with cubs. The overall downward trend...
Mortality of white-tailed deer in northeastern Minnesota
Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 691-698
Two hundred nine white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were radiotracked in the central Superior National Forest, Minnesota, from 1973 through winter 1983-84; 85 deaths were recorded. Annual survival was 0.31 for fawns (< 1.0 years old), 0.80 for yearling (1.0-2.0 years old) females, 0.41 for yearling males, 0.79 for adult (≥...
A new formula for the analytical solution of the radial dispersion problem
Paul A. Hsieh
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 1597-1605
A new formula is presented for the analytical solution of the radial dispersion problem, which analyzes the dispersive transport of a tracer in radial flow from a recharge well. This formula is simpler than a solution presented by previous investigators, but the two solutions are shown to be equivalent. Because...
Activity-time budgets of sea otters in California
James A. Estes, Karen E. Underwood, Margit J. Karmann
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 626-636
Daily time budgets and activity patterns of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) were determined by scan sampling at 4 study areas in central California. Diet was determined by direct observation of foraging animals. Average time invested in foraging ranged from 11 to 71% among viewing areas (1-2 km of coastline) and...
Chemical qualities of water that contribute to human health in a positive way
Howard C. Hopps
1986, Science of Total Environment (54) 207-216
The emphasis on harmful substances that may occur in potable waters has almost obscured the fact that important beneficial constituents are commonly present.The chemical substances in water that make positive contributions to human health act mainly in two ways: (i) nutritionally, by supplying essential macro and micro elements that the...
Slip deficit on the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California, as revealed by inversion of geodetic data
Paul Segall, R. Harris
1986, Science (233) 1409-1413
A network of geodetic lines spanning the San Andreas fault near the rupture zone of the 1966 Parkfield, California, earthquake (magnitude M = 6) has been repeatedly surveyed since 1959. In the study reported here the average rates of line-length change since 1966 were inverted to determine the distribution of interseismic slip...
Development and evaluation of habitat suitability criteria for use in the instream flow incremental methodology
Ken D. Bovee
1986, Report, Instream Flow Information Paper #21
The Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) is a habitat-based tool used to evaluate the environmental consequences of various water and land use practices. As such, knowledge about the conditions that provide favorable habitat for a species, and those that do not, is necessary for successful implementation of the methodology. In...
Introduction to stream network habitat analysis
John M. Bartholow, Terry J. Waddle
1986, Report
Increasing demands on stream resources by a variety of users have resulted in an increased emphasis on studies that evaluate the cumulative effects of basinwide water management programs. Network habitat analysis refers to the evaluation of an entire river basin (or network) by predicting its habitat response to alternative...
Mortality of captive whooping cranes caused by eastern equine encephalitis virus
F. J. Dein, J. W. Carpenter, G.G. Clark, R.J. Montali, C.L. Crabbs, T.F. Tsai, D. E. Docherty
1986, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (189) 1006-1010
Of 39 captive whooping cranes (Grus americana), 7 died during a 7-week period (Sept 17 through Nov 4, 1984) at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Md. Before their deaths, 4 cranes did not develop clinical signs, whereas the other 3 cranes were lethargic and ataxic, with high aspartate transaminase,...
The temperature dependence of isothermal moisture vs. potential characteristics of soils
J. R. Nimmo, E.E. Miller
1986, Soil Science Society of America Journal (50) 1105-1113
A method has been developed for rapid, transient measurement of hysteretic soil-moisture characteristics as a function of temperature. While a varying soil-water pressure was imposed on a thin sample by means of flexible membranes held in firm contact with the soil, water content was measured by gamma-ray attenuation, and matric...
Theory, construction and operation of simple tensiometers
David I. Stannard
1986, Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation (6) 70-78
The tensiometer, introduced by Richards and Gardner (1936) has been a tool often ignored in unsaturated zone investigations. Hazardous waste disposal studies that require values of unsaturated zone matric potentials will expand tensiometer use. Familiarity with operation and installation principles is necessary to ensure quality data collection.The essential elements of...
Survey and appraisal of US energy resources: Production and consumption
D. H. Root, E. D. Attanasi
1986, OPEC Review (10) 369-392
No abstract available....
Recovery of compacted soils in Mojave Desert ghost towns
Robert H. Webb, John W. Steiger, Howard G. Wilshire
1986, Soil Science Society of America Journal (50) 1341-1344
Residual compaction of soils was measured at seven sites in five Mojave Desert ghost towns. Soils in these Death Valley National Monument townsites were compacted by vehicles, animals, and human trampling, and the townsites had been completely abandoned and the buildings removed for 64 to 75 yr. The soils studied...
Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in the Red River Valley, Minnesota fiscal year 1986
T. A. Winterstein
1986, Report
No abstract available....
